Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Drugs & Aging
Published in: Drugs & Aging 4/2000

01-10-2000 | Disease Management

Peritoneal Dialysis

Prevention and Control of Infection

Author: Dr Ram Gokal

Published in: Drugs & Aging | Issue 4/2000

Login to get access

Abstract

In spite of the reduction in peritonitis and catheter-related infection rates in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, these infections remain major sources of morbidity and transfer to haemodialysis. Touch contamination at the time of doing the exchanges is still a major cause of peritonitis and leads to Gram-positive organisms (coagulation-negative staphylococcus) being the most common pathogens. Newer exchange techniques have reduced this incidence but the more serious pathogens (Staphylococcal aureus, pseudomonas and fungi) remain a major problem. Treatment has to be immediate, and hence empirical, giving adequate cover for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. The use of vancomycin as an initial antibacterial has been discontinued because of the problem of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. Recent guidelines advocate the use of a first generation cephalosporin combined with ceftazidime (if the urine output is >100 ml/day) or an aminoglycoside in anuric patients. Subsequent therapy changes are made upon bacterial isolation and sensitivities. Vancomycin is reserved for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus.
Peritoneal catheter-related infections (exit site and tunnel) are predominantly caused by S. aureus and pseudomonal organisms and can be difficult to eradicate. Tunnel infections invariably involve the catheter dacron cuffs and therefore are more likely to lead to peritonitis; in this situation catheter removal is the treatment of choice. Treatment of exit-site infections is with oral antibacterials (penicillinase-resistant penicillins, cefalexin). Vancomycin is avoided if possible. The identification that nasal carriage of S. aureus predisposes to exit-site and tunnel infections has led to prophylactic regimens to combat this problem. Mupirocin applied at the exit site leads to a reduction in catheter-related infections and peritonitis.
Literature
1.
Popovich RP, Moncrief JW, Dechard JB, et al. The definition of a normal portable/wearable equilibrium peritoneal dialysis technique [abstract]. Abst Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1976; 5: 64
2.
Buoncrustiani C, Bianca P, Cozzani M. A new safe simple connection system for CAPD. Int J Urol Nephrol 1980; 1: 50–3
3.
Majorca R, Cantaluppi A, Cancarini GC, et al. Prospective controlled trial of a Y connector and disinfectant to prevent peritonitis in CAPD. Lancet 1983; II: 642–4CrossRef
4.
Canadian CAPD Clinical Trials Group. Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): a multicentre, randomised clinical trial comparing the Y connector disinfectant system to standard system. Perit Dial Int 1989; 9: 159–63
5.
Gokal R. Peritoneal dialysis. Medicine 1999; 27: 47–9
6.
Pierratos A. Peritoneal dialysis glossary. Perit Dial Bull 1984;4:2–3
7.
Keane WF, Vas SI. Peritonitis. In: Gokal R, Nolph KD, editors. The textbook of peritoneal dialysis. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994: 473–502CrossRef
8.
Tzamaloukas AH. Peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: an overview. Adv Renal Replace Ther 1996; 3: 232–6
9.
Peterson DK, Matzke GR, Keane WF. Current concepts in the management of peritonitis in CAPD patients. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9: 604–12PubMedCrossRef
10.
Lindholm B, Bergstrom J. Nutritional requirement of peritoneal dialysis. In: Gokal R, Nolph KD, editors. The textbook of peritoneal dialysis. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994: 443–72CrossRef
11.
Miller TE, Findon G. Touch contamination of connection devices in peritoneal dialysis: a quantitative microbiological analysis. Perit Dial Int 1997; 17: 560–7PubMed
12.
Gokal R, Bogle S, Hunt L, et al. CAPD peritonitis still a major problem in CAPD: results of a multi-centre study. J Nephrol 1989; 2: 95–9
13.
Golper TA, Hartstein A. Analysis of the causative pathogens on uncomplicated CAPD associated peritonitis: duration of therapy, relapses and prognosis. Am J Kidney Dis 1986; 7: 141–5PubMed
14.
Piraino B, Bernadini J, Sorkin M. The influence of peritoneal catheter exit site infections on peritonitis tunnel infections and catheter loss on CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1986; 8: 436–40PubMed
15.
Piraino B, Bernadini J, Sorkin M. Five-year study of the microbiological results of exit site infections and peritonitis in CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1987; 4: 281–6
16.
Plum J, Sudkamp S, Grabansee B. Results of ultrasound assisted diagnosis of tunnel infections in CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1994; 23: 99–104PubMed
17.
Scheinburg FB, Seligman AM, Fine J. Transmural migration of intestinal bacteria. N Engl J Med; 242: 747–51
18.
Steiner RW, Halasz NA. Abdominal catastrophes and other unusual events in CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1990: 15: 1–7PubMed
19.
Wood CJ, Fleming V, Turnridge J, et al. Campylobacter peritonitis in CAPD: report of eight cases and a review of the literature. Am J Kidney Dis 1992; 19: 162–6
20.
Holley JL, Bernadini J, Piraino B. Polymicrobial peritonitis in patients on CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1992; 19: 162–6PubMed
21.
Holley JL, Bernadini J, Piraino B. Infecting organisms in CAPD patients on the Y set. Am J Kidney Dis 1994; 23: 569–73PubMed
22.
Bunke M, Brier ME, Golper TA. Culture negative CAPD peritonitis: the Network 9 Study. Adv Perit Dial 1994; 10: 174–8PubMed
23.
Eisele G, Adewunni C, Bailie CR, et al. Surreptitious use of antimicrobial agents by CAPD patients. Perit Dial Int 1993; 13: 315–7
24.
Ryan S, Fessia S. Improved method for recovering of peritonitis-causing micro-organisms from peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 1987; 25: 383–4PubMed
25.
Lewis SL, Holmes CJ. Host defence mechanisms in the peritoneal cavity of CAPD patients. Perit Dial Int 1991; 11: 14–21PubMed
26.
Zemel D, Betjes M, Dinkla C, et al. Analysis of inflammatory mediators and peritoneal permeability to macromolecules shortly before the onset of overt peritonitis in patients treated with CAPD. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 134–41PubMed
27.
Gokal R, Mistry CD, Peers EM, Midas Study Group. Peritonitis occurrence in a multicentre study of icodextrin and glucose in CAPD. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 226–30PubMed
28.
Ejlersen E, Brandi L, Lokkegaard H, et al. Is initial (24 hours) lavage necessary in treatment of CAPD peritonitis? Perit Dial Int 1991; 11:38–42PubMed
29.
Diagnosis and management of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: report of a working party of the British Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Lancet 1987; I: 845–9
30.
Ad-Hoc Advisory Committee on Peritonitis Management. CAPD peritonitis treatment recommendations: 1989 update. Perit Dial Int 1989; 9: 247–56
31.
Keane W, Everett ED, Golper TA, et al. Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: 1993 update. Perit Dial Int 1993; 13: 14–28PubMed
32.
Keane W, Alexander SR, Bailie GR, et al. Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: 1996 update. Perit Dial Int 1996; 16: 557–73PubMed
33.
Nosocomial enterococci resistant to Vancomycin. United States 1989–1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993; 42: 597–9
34.
Tabaqchali S. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: apocalypse now? Lancet 1997; 350: 1644–5PubMedCrossRef
35.
Centers for Disease Control. Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997; 46: 765–6
36.
Keane WF, Baillie G, Boeschoten E, et al. Adult peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: 2000 update. Perit Dial Int 2000; 20: In press
37.
Shemin D, Maaz D, St Pierre D, et al. Effect of aminoglycoside use on residual renal function in peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34: 14–20PubMedCrossRef
38.
Lai MN, Kao MT, Chen CC, et al. Intraperitoneal once-daily dose of cefazolin and gentamicin for treating CAPD peritonitis. Perit Dial Int 1997; 17: 87–9PubMed
39.
Vas SI, Bargman J, Oreopoulos DG. Treatment in PD patients of peritonitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with single daily dose of antibiotics. Perit Dial Int 1997; 17: 91–4PubMed
40.
Kiernan L, Finkelstein FO, Kliger FS, et al. Outcome of polymicrobial peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25: 461–4PubMedCrossRef
41.
Traeneus A, Heimburger O, Lindholm B. Peritonitis in CAPD: diagnostic findings, therapeutic outcomes and complications. Perit Dial Int 1989; 13: 179–90
42.
Rotillar C, Black J, Winchester J, et al. Ten years experience with CAPD. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 17: 156–64
43.
Pollock CA, Ibels LS, Caterson RJ, et al. CAPD — eight years of experience at a single centre. Medicine 1989; 68: 293–308PubMedCrossRef
44.
Kerr CM, Perfect JR, Craven PC, et al. Fungal peritonitis in patients on CAPD. Ann Intern Med 1983; 99: 334–7PubMed
45.
Lee Sh, Chiang SH, Hseih SJ, Shen HM. Successful treatment of fungal peritonitis with intracatheter antifungal retention. Adv Perit Dial 1995; 11: 172–5PubMed
46.
Benevent D, Peyronnet P, Lagarde C, et al. Fungal peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: three recoveries in 5 cases without catheter removal. Nephron 1985; 41: 203–6PubMedCrossRef
47.
Johnson RJ, Ramsey PG, Gallagher N, et al. Fungal peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Am J Nephrol 1985; 5: 169–75PubMedCrossRef
48.
Robitaille P, Meerouani, A, Clermont MJ, et al. Successful antifungal prophylaxis in chronic peritoneal dialysis: a pediatric experience. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 77–8PubMed
49.
Zaruba K, Peters J, Jungbluth H. Successful prophylaxis for fungal peritonitis in patients on CAPD: six years’ experience. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 17:43–6PubMed
50.
Williams PF, Moncrief N, Marriot J. No benefit in using ny statin prophylaxis against fungal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 2000; 20: 352–3PubMed
51.
Cheng IKP, Chan PCK, Chan MK. Tuberculous peritonitis complicating long-term peritoneal dialysis. Am J Nephrol 1989; 9: 155–61PubMedCrossRef
52.
Mallat SG, Brensilver JM. Tuberculous peritonitis in a CAPD patient cured without catheter removal: case report, review of the literature, and guidelines for treatment and diagnosis. Am J Kidney Dis 1989; 13: 154–7PubMed
53.
Vas SI. Renaissance of tuberculosis in the 1990’s: lesson for the nephrologist. Perit Dial Int 1994; 14: 209–14PubMed
54.
Dunmire RB, Breyer JA. Nontuberculous mycobacterial peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: case report and review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 18: 126–30PubMed
55.
White R, Abreo K, Flanagan R, et al. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial infections in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 1993; 22: 581–7PubMed
56.
Gokal R, Francis DMA, Goodship THJ, et al. Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Lancet 1982; II: 1388–91CrossRef
57.
Gokal R, King J, Bogle S, et al. Outcome in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis: 4-year analysis of a prospective multicentre study. Lancet 1987; II: 1105–9CrossRef
58.
Woodrow G, Turney JH, Brownjohn AM. Technique failure in peritoneal dialysis and its impact on patient survival. Perit Dial Int 1997; 17:360–4PubMed
59.
Ataman R, Burton PR, Gokal R, et al. Long-term CAPD: some U.K. experience. Clin Nephrol 1988; 30Suppl. 1: S71–5PubMed
60.
Fried LF, Bernardini J, Johnston JR, et al. Peritonitis influences mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7: 2176–82PubMed
61.
Rubin J, McFarland S, Hellems EW, et al. Peritoneal dialysis during peritonitis. Kidney Int 1981; 19: 460–4PubMedCrossRef
62.
Raja RM, Kramer SM, Barber K. Solute transport and ultra-filtration during peritonitis in CAPD patients. J Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1984; 7: 8–11
63.
Sennesael JJ, De Smedt GC, Van der Niepen P, et al. The impact of peritonitis on peritoneal and systemic acid-base status of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1994; 14:61–5PubMed
64.
Davies SJ, Bryan J, Phillips L, et al. Longitudinal changes in peritoneal kinetics: the effects of peritoneal dialysis and peritonitis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996; 11: 498–506PubMedCrossRef
65.
Weber J, Mettang T, Hubel E, et al. Survival of 138 surgically placed straight double-cuff Tenckhoff catheters in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1993; 13: 224–7PubMed
66.
Paterson AD, Bishop MC, Morgan AG, et al. Removal and replacement of Tenckhoff catheter at a single operation: successful treatment of resistant peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Lancet 1986; II: 1245–7CrossRef
67.
Swartz R, Messana J, Reynolds J, et al. Simultaneous catheter replacement and removal in refractory peritoneal dialysis infection. Kidney Int 1991; 40: 1160–5PubMedCrossRef
68.
Posthuma N, Borgstein BJ, Eijsbouts Q, et al. Simultaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion and removal in catheter-related infections without interruption of peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13: 700–3PubMedCrossRef
69.
Mayo RR, Messana JM, Boyer CJ, et al. Pseudomonas peritonitis treated with simultaneous catheter replacement and removal. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 389–90PubMed
70.
Churchill DN. CAPD peritonitis: acritical appraisal of prophylactic strategies. Semin Dial 1991; 4: 94–100CrossRef
71.
Fellin G, Gentile MG, Cancarini G, et al. Peritonitis in CAPD: role of patients and staff: a report from the Italian CAPD study group. Adv Perit Dial 1988; 4: 165–8
72.
Churchill DN, Taylor W, Vas SI, et al. Peritonitis in CAPD patients: a randomized clinical trial of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. Perit Dial Int 1988; 8: 125–8
73.
Fried L, Bernardini J, Piraino B. Iatrogenic peritonitis: the need for prophylaxis. Perit Dial Int 2000; 20: 343–4PubMed
74.
Abraham G, Savin E, Ayiomamitis A, et al. Natural history of exit-site infection in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1988; 8: 211–6
75.
Twardowski ZJ, Prowant BF. Classification of normal and diseased exit sites. Perit Dial Int 1996; 16Suppl. 3: S32–50PubMed
76.
Gokal R, Alexander S, Ash S, et al. Peritoneal catheters and exit site practices toward optimum peritoneal access: 1998 update. Perit Dial Int 1998; 18: 11–33PubMed
77.
Korzets Z, Erdberg A, Golan E, et al. Frequent involvement of the internal cuff segment in CAPD peritonitis and exit-site infection: an ultrasound study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996; 11:336–9PubMedCrossRef
78.
Oxton LL, Zimmerman SW, Roecker EB, et al. Risk factors for peritoneal dialysis-related infections. Perit Dial Int 1994; 14: 137–44PubMed
79.
Piraino B, Perlmutter JA, Holley JL, et al. Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis is associated with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 1993; 13Suppl. 2: S332–4PubMed
80.
Sesso R, Draibe S, Castelo A, et al. Staphylococcus aureus skin carriage and development of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Clin Nephrol 1989; 31: 264–8PubMed
81.
Sewell CM, Clarridge J, Lacke C, et al. Staphylococcal nasal carriage and subsequent infection in peritoneal dialysis patients. JAMA 1982; 248: 1493–5PubMedCrossRef
82.
Pignatari A, Pfaller M, Hollis R, et al. Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 1898–902PubMed
83.
Swartz R, Messana J, Starmann B, et al. Preventing Staphylococcus aureus infection during chronic peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1991; 2: 1085–91PubMed
84.
Davies SJ, Ogg CS, Cameron JS, et al. Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, exit-site infection and catheter loss in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Perit Dial Int 1989; 9: 61–4PubMed
85.
Luzar MA, Brown CB, Balf D, et al. Exit site care and exit site infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: results of a randomized multicenter trial. Perit Dial Int 1990; 10: 25–9PubMed
86.
Luzar MA. Exit site infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a review. Perit Dial Int 1991; 11: 333–40PubMed
87.
Vychytil A, Lorenz M, Schneider B, et al. New strategies to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infections in peritoneal dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: 669–76PubMed
88.
Twardowski ZJ, Prowant BF. Current approaches to exit site infections in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 1284–95PubMedCrossRef
89.
Golper TA, Tranaeus A. Vancomycin revisited. Perit Dial Int 1996: 16; 116–7PubMed
90.
Taber TE, Hegeman TF, York SM, et al. Treatment of pseudomonas infections in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 1991; 11:213–6PubMed
91.
Kazmi HR. Raffone FD, Kliger AS, et al. Pseudomonas exit site infections in CAPD patients. J Am Soc Nephol 1992; 2: 1498–501
92.
Pecoits-Filho R, Twardowski ZJ, Khanna R, et al. The effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the healing of exit sites of peritoneal dialysis catheters in rats. Perit Dial Int 1998; 18: 60–3PubMed
93.
Bennett-Jones DN, Martin J, Barratt AJ, et al. Prophylacatic gentamicin in the prevention of early exit site infections and peritonitis in CAPD. Adv Perit Dial 1988; 4: 147–50
94.
Newman LN, Tessman M, Hanslik T, et al. Aretrospective view of factors that affect catheter healing: four years of experience. Adv Perit Dial 1993; 9: 217–22PubMed
95.
Copley JB, Smith BJ, Koger DM, et al. Prevention of postoperative peritoneal dialysis catheter related infections. Perit Dial Int 1988; 8: 195–7
96.
Turner K, Edgar D, Hair M, et al. Does catheter immobilization reduce exit-site infections in CAPD patients? Adv Perit Dial 1992; 8: 265–8PubMed
97.
Warady BA, Sullivan EK, Alexander SR. Lessons from the peritoneal dialysis patient database: a report of the North American Paediatric Renal Transplant Co-operative Study. Kidney Int 1996; 49Suppl. 53: S68–71
98.
Golper TA, Brier ME, Bunke M, et al. Risk factors for peritonitis in long term peritoneal dialysis: the Network 9 Peritonitis and Catheter survival studies. Am J Kidney Dis 1996: 38; 428–36CrossRef
99.
Wilson AP, Lewis C, O’Sullivan, et al. The use of povidone iodine in exit site care for patients undergoing CAPD. J Hosp Infect 1997; 35: 287–93PubMedCrossRef
100.
Bending M, Mellotte G, Hashmi C, et al. Nasal mupirocin prevents S. aureus exit site infection during peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7: 2403–8
101.
Perez-Fontan M, Garcia-Falcon T, Rodrigues-Carmona A, et al. Treatment of Staphylococcal aureus nasal carriages in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with mupirocin: long term results. Am J Kidney Dis 1993; 22: 708–12PubMed
102.
Zimmerman SW, Ahrens E, Johnson CA, et al. Randomised controlled trial of prophylactic rifampin for peritoneal dialysis-related infections. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 18: 225–31PubMed
103.
Bernardini J, Piraino B, Holley JL, et al. Randomised trial of Staphylococcal aureus prophylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: mupirocin calcium ointment 2% applied to exit site versus cyclic oral rifampin. Am J Kidney Dis 1996; 26: 695–700CrossRef
104.
Thodis E, Bhaskaran S, Pasadakis P, et al. Decrease in Staphy-lococcus aureus exit site infections and peritonitis in CAPD patients by local application of mupirocin ointment at the catheter exit site. Perit Dial Int 1998; 18: 261–70PubMed
105.
Vas S, Conly J, Bargman J, et al. Resistance to mupirocin: no indication of it to date while using mupirocin ointment for prevention of Staphylococcus aureus exit site infections in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 1999; 19: 313–4PubMed
Metadata
Title
Peritoneal Dialysis
Prevention and Control of Infection
Author
Dr Ram Gokal
Publication date
01-10-2000
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Drugs & Aging / Issue 4/2000
Print ISSN: 1170-229X
Electronic ISSN: 1179-1969
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200017040-00003

Other articles of this Issue 4/2000

Drugs & Aging 4/2000 Go to the issue

Review Article

Aging-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle

Leading Article

Angiogenesis Inhibitors

Review Article

Preventing Fractures in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

Disease Management

Optimising Therapy for Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Review Article

Conceptualisation and Measurement of Frailty in Elderly People

Disease Management

Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits