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Annals of Surgical Oncology
Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology 13/2019

01-12-2019 | Metastasis | Melanoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Regional Metastasis to Axilla or Groin Lymph Nodes: a Multicenter Outcome Analysis

Authors: George Pang, MD, Nicole J. Look Hong, MD, MSc, Gabrielle Paull, MSc, Johanna Dobransky, MHK, BSc, CCRP, Suzana Kupper, MD, Scott Hurton, MD, Daniel J. Kagedan, MD, May Lynn Quan, MD, Lucy Helyer, MD, MSc, Carolyn Nessim, MD, MSc, Frances C. Wright, MD, Med

Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology | Issue 13/2019

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Abstract

Background

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the trunk/extremities with nodal metastasis represents a rare but significant clinical challenge. Treatment patterns and outcomes are poorly described.

Patients and Methods

Patients with cSCC who developed axilla/groin lymph node metastasis and underwent curative-intent surgery between 2005 and 2015 were identified at four Canadian academic centers. Demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment patterns, recurrence rates, and mortality were described. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Predictors of survival and any recurrence were explored using Cox regression and logistic regression models, respectively.

Results

Of 43 patients, 70% were male (median age 74 years). Median follow-up was 38 months. Median time to nodal metastasis was 11.3 months. Thirty-one and 12 patients had nodal metastasis to the axilla and groin, respectively. A total of 72% and 7% received adjuvant and neoadjuvant radiation, respectively, while 5% received adjuvant chemotherapy. Following surgery, 26% patients developed nodal and/or distant disease recurrence. Crude mortality rate was 39.5%. Mean OS was 5.3 years [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9–6.8 years], and 5-year OS was 55.1%. Mean DFS was 4.8 years (95% CI 3.3–6.2 years), and five-year DFS was 49.3%. Any recurrence was the only independent predictor of death [p = 0.036, odds ratio (OR) = 29.5], and extracapsular extension (p = 0.028, OR = 189) and age (p = 0.017, OR = 0.823) were independent predictors of recurrence.

Conclusions

This represents the largest contemporary series to date of outcomes for patients with axilla/groin nodal metastases from cSCC. Despite aggressive treatment, outcomes remain modest, indicating the need for a continued multidisciplinary approach and integration of new systemic agents.
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Metadata
Title
Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Regional Metastasis to Axilla or Groin Lymph Nodes: a Multicenter Outcome Analysis
Authors
George Pang, MD
Nicole J. Look Hong, MD, MSc
Gabrielle Paull, MSc
Johanna Dobransky, MHK, BSc, CCRP
Suzana Kupper, MD
Scott Hurton, MD
Daniel J. Kagedan, MD
May Lynn Quan, MD
Lucy Helyer, MD, MSc
Carolyn Nessim, MD, MSc
Frances C. Wright, MD, Med
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Annals of Surgical Oncology / Issue 13/2019
Print ISSN: 1068-9265
Electronic ISSN: 1534-4681
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07743-8

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