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Annals of Surgical Oncology
Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology 4/2014

01-12-2014 | Translational Research and Biomarkers

Loss of CD44 and SOX2 Expression is Correlated with a Poor Prognosis in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Patients

Authors: Judith Honing, MD, Kirill V. Pavlov, MD, Coby Meijer, PhD, Justin K. Smit, MD, PhD, Wytske Boersma-van Ek, Ing., Arend Karrenbeld, MD, Johannes G. M. Burgerhof, MSc, Frank A. E. Kruyt, PhD, John Th. M. Plukker, MD, PhD

Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology | Special Issue 4/2014

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Abstract

Background

It has been suggested that markers associated with cancer stem cells (CSC) may play a role in esophageal cancer. Our aim was to investigate the expression pattern of proposed CSC markers ALDH1, Axin2, BMI1, CD44, and SOX2 in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and to relate their expression to survival.

Methods

In this study we included 94 EAC patients and examined the expression of the above-mentioned markers by using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Expression was scored as positive or negative or categorized as low or high in terms of an immunoreactivity score (IRS). Expression rates were related to clinicopathologic characteristics and overall and disease-free survival (DFS).

Results

In a multivariate analysis, negative expression of CD44 and of SOX2 were both significant prognostic factors for DFS [hazard ratio (HR), 1.73; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.00–2.96; P = 0.046 and HR, 2.06; 95 % CI 1.14–3.70 P = 0.016). When CD44 and SOX2 expression were analyzed together, negative SOX2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR, 1.91; 95 % CI 1.05–3.46; P = 0.034). Low IRS scores for ALDH1 or Axin2 were associated with a reduced median survival (12.8 vs. 28.7 and 12.1 vs. 25.5 months, respectively). However, these markers and BMI1 were not prognostic factors for survival.

Conclusions

Loss of CD44 expression and loss of SOX2 expression are prognostic factors of poor survival in EAC patients. This suggests a role of these proteins in EAC that requires further investigation.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Loss of CD44 and SOX2 Expression is Correlated with a Poor Prognosis in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors
Judith Honing, MD
Kirill V. Pavlov, MD
Coby Meijer, PhD
Justin K. Smit, MD, PhD
Wytske Boersma-van Ek, Ing.
Arend Karrenbeld, MD
Johannes G. M. Burgerhof, MSc
Frank A. E. Kruyt, PhD
John Th. M. Plukker, MD, PhD
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Annals of Surgical Oncology / Issue Special Issue 4/2014
Print ISSN: 1068-9265
Electronic ISSN: 1534-4681
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-3763-x

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