Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

The use of the buccal fat pad flap for oral reconstruction

Authors: Min-Keun Kim, Wonil Han, Seong-Gon Kim

Published in: Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Many congenital and acquired defects occur in the maxillofacial area. The buccal fat pad flap (BFP) is a simple and reliable flap for the treatment of many of these defects because of its rich blood supply and location, which is close to the location of various intraoral defects. In this article, we have reviewed BFP and the associated anatomical background, surgical techniques, and clinical applications. The surgical procedure is simple and has shown a high success rate in various clinical applications (approximately 90%), including the closure of oroantral fistula, correction of congenital defect, treatment of jaw bone necrosis, and reconstruction of tumor defects. The control of etiologic factors, size of defect, anatomical location of defect, and general condition of patient could influence the prognosis after grafting. In conclusion, BFP is a reliable flap that can be applied to various clinical situations.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Soutar DS, Scheker LR, Tanner NSB, McGregor IA (1983) The radial forearm flap: a versatile method for intra-oral reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 36(1):1–8CrossRefPubMed Soutar DS, Scheker LR, Tanner NSB, McGregor IA (1983) The radial forearm flap: a versatile method for intra-oral reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 36(1):1–8CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Sadig W, Almas K (2004) Risk factors and management of dehiscent wounds in implant dentistry. Implant Dent 13(2):140–147CrossRefPubMed Sadig W, Almas K (2004) Risk factors and management of dehiscent wounds in implant dentistry. Implant Dent 13(2):140–147CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Ashtiani AK, Bohluli B, Kalantar Motamedi MH, Fatemi MJ, Moharamnejad N (2011) Effectiveness of buccal fat in closing residual midpalatal and posterior palatal fistulas in patients previously treated for clefts. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(11):e416–e419CrossRefPubMed Ashtiani AK, Bohluli B, Kalantar Motamedi MH, Fatemi MJ, Moharamnejad N (2011) Effectiveness of buccal fat in closing residual midpalatal and posterior palatal fistulas in patients previously treated for clefts. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(11):e416–e419CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Ashtiani AK, Fatemi MJ, Pooli AH, Habibi M (2011) Closure of palatal fistula with buccal fat pad flap. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(3):250–254CrossRefPubMed Ashtiani AK, Fatemi MJ, Pooli AH, Habibi M (2011) Closure of palatal fistula with buccal fat pad flap. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(3):250–254CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Daif ET (2016) Long-term effectiveness of the pedicled buccal fat pad in the closure of a large oroantral fistula. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 74(9):1718–1722CrossRefPubMed Daif ET (2016) Long-term effectiveness of the pedicled buccal fat pad in the closure of a large oroantral fistula. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 74(9):1718–1722CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Adams T, Taub D, Rosen M (2015) Repair of oroantral communications by use of a combined surgical approach: functional endoscopic surgery and buccal advancement flap/buccal fat pad graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 73(8):1452–1456CrossRefPubMed Adams T, Taub D, Rosen M (2015) Repair of oroantral communications by use of a combined surgical approach: functional endoscopic surgery and buccal advancement flap/buccal fat pad graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 73(8):1452–1456CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Toshihiro Y, Nariai Y, Takamura Y, Yoshimura H, Tobita T, Yoshino A et al (2013) Applicability of buccal fat pad grafting for oral reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 42(5):604–610CrossRefPubMed Toshihiro Y, Nariai Y, Takamura Y, Yoshimura H, Tobita T, Yoshino A et al (2013) Applicability of buccal fat pad grafting for oral reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 42(5):604–610CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Liu YM, Chen GF, Yan JL, Zhao SF, Zhang WM, Zhao S et al (2006) Functional reconstruction of maxilla with BFP, prefabricated titanium mesh and autologous bone grafts. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 35(12):1108–1113CrossRefPubMed Liu YM, Chen GF, Yan JL, Zhao SF, Zhang WM, Zhao S et al (2006) Functional reconstruction of maxilla with BFP, prefabricated titanium mesh and autologous bone grafts. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 35(12):1108–1113CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Melville JC, Tursun R, Shum JW, Young S, Hanna IA, Marx RE (2016) A technique for the treatment of oral-antral fistulas resulting from medication-related osteonecrosis of the maxilla: the combined buccal fat pad flap and radical sinusotomy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 122(3):287–291CrossRefPubMed Melville JC, Tursun R, Shum JW, Young S, Hanna IA, Marx RE (2016) A technique for the treatment of oral-antral fistulas resulting from medication-related osteonecrosis of the maxilla: the combined buccal fat pad flap and radical sinusotomy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 122(3):287–291CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference El Deeb M, Roszkowski M, El Hakim I (1990) Tissue response to hydroxylapatite in induced diabetic and nondiabetic rats: histologic evaluation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48(5):476–481CrossRefPubMed El Deeb M, Roszkowski M, El Hakim I (1990) Tissue response to hydroxylapatite in induced diabetic and nondiabetic rats: histologic evaluation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48(5):476–481CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Drake DB, Oishi SN (1995) Wound healing considerations in chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Clin Plast Surg 22(1):31–37PubMed Drake DB, Oishi SN (1995) Wound healing considerations in chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Clin Plast Surg 22(1):31–37PubMed
12.
go back to reference Colen SR, Shaw WW, McCarthy JG (1986) Review of the morbidity of 300 free-flap donor sites. Plast Reconstr Surg 77(6):948–953CrossRefPubMed Colen SR, Shaw WW, McCarthy JG (1986) Review of the morbidity of 300 free-flap donor sites. Plast Reconstr Surg 77(6):948–953CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Egyedi P (1977) Utilization of the buccal fat pad for closure of oro-antral and/or oro-nasal communications. J Maxillofac Surg 5(4):241–244CrossRefPubMed Egyedi P (1977) Utilization of the buccal fat pad for closure of oro-antral and/or oro-nasal communications. J Maxillofac Surg 5(4):241–244CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Arce K (2007) Buccal fat pad in maxillary reconstruction. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 15(1):23–32CrossRefPubMed Arce K (2007) Buccal fat pad in maxillary reconstruction. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 15(1):23–32CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Singh J, Prasad K, Lalitha RM, Ranganath K (2010) Buccal pad of fat and its applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review of published literature (February) 2004 to (July) 2009. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 110(6):698–705CrossRefPubMed Singh J, Prasad K, Lalitha RM, Ranganath K (2010) Buccal pad of fat and its applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review of published literature (February) 2004 to (July) 2009. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 110(6):698–705CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Stuzln JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Baker TJ, Wolfe SA (1990) The anatomy and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg 85(1):29–37CrossRef Stuzln JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Baker TJ, Wolfe SA (1990) The anatomy and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg 85(1):29–37CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Poeschl PW, Baumann A, Russmueller G, Poeschl E, Klug C, Ewers R (2009) Closure of oroantral communications with Bichat’s buccal fat pad. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(7):1460–1466CrossRefPubMed Poeschl PW, Baumann A, Russmueller G, Poeschl E, Klug C, Ewers R (2009) Closure of oroantral communications with Bichat’s buccal fat pad. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(7):1460–1466CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Alkan A, Dolanmaz D, Uzun E, Erdem E (2003) The reconstruction of oral defects with buccal fat pad. Swiss Med Wkly 133(33/34):465–470PubMed Alkan A, Dolanmaz D, Uzun E, Erdem E (2003) The reconstruction of oral defects with buccal fat pad. Swiss Med Wkly 133(33/34):465–470PubMed
20.
go back to reference Abad-Gallegos M, Figueiredo R, Rodríguez-Baeza A, Gay-Escoda C (2011) Use of Bichat’s buccal fat pad for the sealing of orosinusal communications. A presentation of 8 cases. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 16(2):e215–e219CrossRefPubMed Abad-Gallegos M, Figueiredo R, Rodríguez-Baeza A, Gay-Escoda C (2011) Use of Bichat’s buccal fat pad for the sealing of orosinusal communications. A presentation of 8 cases. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 16(2):e215–e219CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Hanazawa Y, Itoh K, Mabashi T, Sato K (1995) Closure of oroantral communications using a pedicled buccal fat pad graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53(7):771–775CrossRefPubMed Hanazawa Y, Itoh K, Mabashi T, Sato K (1995) Closure of oroantral communications using a pedicled buccal fat pad graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53(7):771–775CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Nezafati S, Vafaii A, Ghojazadeh M (2012) Comparison of pedicled buccal fat pad flap with buccal flap for closure of oro-antral communication. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(5):624–628CrossRefPubMed Nezafati S, Vafaii A, Ghojazadeh M (2012) Comparison of pedicled buccal fat pad flap with buccal flap for closure of oro-antral communication. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(5):624–628CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Hariram, Pal US, Mohammad S, Singh RK, Singh G, Malkunje LR (2010) Buccal fat pad versus sandwich graft for treatment of oroantral defects: a comparison. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 1(1):6–14CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hariram, Pal US, Mohammad S, Singh RK, Singh G, Malkunje LR (2010) Buccal fat pad versus sandwich graft for treatment of oroantral defects: a comparison. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 1(1):6–14CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
go back to reference Zhang Q, Li L, Tan W, Chen L, Gao N, Bao C (2010) Application of unilateral pedicled buccal fat pad for nasal membrane closure in the bilateral complete cleft palate. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68(8):2029–2032CrossRefPubMed Zhang Q, Li L, Tan W, Chen L, Gao N, Bao C (2010) Application of unilateral pedicled buccal fat pad for nasal membrane closure in the bilateral complete cleft palate. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68(8):2029–2032CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Levi B, Kasten SJ, Buchman SR (2009) Utilization of the buccal fat pad flap for congenital cleft palate repair. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(3):1018–1021CrossRefPubMed Levi B, Kasten SJ, Buchman SR (2009) Utilization of the buccal fat pad flap for congenital cleft palate repair. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(3):1018–1021CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Kim YK (2001) The use of a pedicled buccal fat pad graft for bone coverage in primary palatorrhaphy: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 59(12):1499–1501CrossRefPubMed Kim YK (2001) The use of a pedicled buccal fat pad graft for bone coverage in primary palatorrhaphy: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 59(12):1499–1501CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Musgrave RH, Bremner JC (1960) Complications of cleft palate surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Transplant Bull 26:180–189CrossRefPubMed Musgrave RH, Bremner JC (1960) Complications of cleft palate surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Transplant Bull 26:180–189CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Khouw YL, van der Wal KG, Bartels F, van der Biezen JJ (2004) Bilateral palatal reconstruction using 2 pedicled buccal fat pads in rhinolalea aperta after extensive necrotizing tonsillitis: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62(6):749–751CrossRefPubMed Khouw YL, van der Wal KG, Bartels F, van der Biezen JJ (2004) Bilateral palatal reconstruction using 2 pedicled buccal fat pads in rhinolalea aperta after extensive necrotizing tonsillitis: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62(6):749–751CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Gröbe A, Eichhorn W, Hanken H, Precht C, Schmelzle R, Heiland M et al (2011) The use of buccal fat pad (BFP) as a pedicled graft in cleft palate surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(7):685–689CrossRefPubMed Gröbe A, Eichhorn W, Hanken H, Precht C, Schmelzle R, Heiland M et al (2011) The use of buccal fat pad (BFP) as a pedicled graft in cleft palate surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(7):685–689CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Nabil S, Ramli R (2012) The use of buccal fat pad flap in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(11):1422–1426CrossRefPubMed Nabil S, Ramli R (2012) The use of buccal fat pad flap in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(11):1422–1426CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Marx RE (2009) Reconstruction of defects caused by bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(5 Suppl):107–119CrossRefPubMed Marx RE (2009) Reconstruction of defects caused by bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(5 Suppl):107–119CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Freiberger JJ (2009) Utility of hyperbaric oxygen in treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(5 Suppl):96–106CrossRefPubMed Freiberger JJ (2009) Utility of hyperbaric oxygen in treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67(5 Suppl):96–106CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Chang DW, Oh HK, Robb GL, Miller MJ (2001) Management of advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis with free flap reconstruction. Head Neck 23(10):830–835CrossRefPubMed Chang DW, Oh HK, Robb GL, Miller MJ (2001) Management of advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis with free flap reconstruction. Head Neck 23(10):830–835CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Rotaru H, Kim MK, Kim SG, Park YW (2015) Pedicled buccal fat pad flap as a reliable surgical strategy for the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 73(3):437–442CrossRefPubMed Rotaru H, Kim MK, Kim SG, Park YW (2015) Pedicled buccal fat pad flap as a reliable surgical strategy for the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 73(3):437–442CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Wong JK, Wood RE, McLean M (1997) Conservative management of osteoradionecrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 84(1):16–21CrossRefPubMed Wong JK, Wood RE, McLean M (1997) Conservative management of osteoradionecrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 84(1):16–21CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Beumer J, Harrison R, Sanders B, Kurrasch M (1984) Osteoradionecrosis: predisposing factors and outcomes of therapy. Head Neck Surg 6(4):819–827CrossRefPubMed Beumer J, Harrison R, Sanders B, Kurrasch M (1984) Osteoradionecrosis: predisposing factors and outcomes of therapy. Head Neck Surg 6(4):819–827CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Tideman H, Bosanquet A, Scott J (1986) Use of the buccal fat pad as a pedicled graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 44(6):435–440CrossRefPubMed Tideman H, Bosanquet A, Scott J (1986) Use of the buccal fat pad as a pedicled graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 44(6):435–440CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Samman N, Cheung LK, Tideman H (1993) The buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 22(1):2–6CrossRefPubMed Samman N, Cheung LK, Tideman H (1993) The buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 22(1):2–6CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Fujimura N, Nagura H, Enomoto S (1990) Grafting of the buccal fat pad into palatal defects. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 18(5):219–222CrossRefPubMed Fujimura N, Nagura H, Enomoto S (1990) Grafting of the buccal fat pad into palatal defects. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 18(5):219–222CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Hao SP (2000) Reconstruction of oral defects with the pedicled buccal fat pad flap. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 122(6):863–867CrossRefPubMed Hao SP (2000) Reconstruction of oral defects with the pedicled buccal fat pad flap. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 122(6):863–867CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Zhong LP, Chen GF, Fan LJ, Zhao SF (2004) Immediate reconstruction of maxilla with bone grafts supported by pedicled buccal fat pad graft. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97(2):147–154CrossRefPubMed Zhong LP, Chen GF, Fan LJ, Zhao SF (2004) Immediate reconstruction of maxilla with bone grafts supported by pedicled buccal fat pad graft. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97(2):147–154CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Vuillemin T, Raveh J, Ramon Y (1988) Reconstruction of the maxilla with bone grafts supported by the buccal fat pad. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 46(2):100–106CrossRefPubMed Vuillemin T, Raveh J, Ramon Y (1988) Reconstruction of the maxilla with bone grafts supported by the buccal fat pad. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 46(2):100–106CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Colella G, Tartaro G, Giudice A (2004) The buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 57(4):326–329CrossRefPubMed Colella G, Tartaro G, Giudice A (2004) The buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 57(4):326–329CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Yousuf S, Tubbs RS, Wartmann CT, Kapos T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Loukas M (2010) A review of the gross anatomy, functions, pathology, and clinical uses of the buccal fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat 32(5):427–436CrossRefPubMed Yousuf S, Tubbs RS, Wartmann CT, Kapos T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Loukas M (2010) A review of the gross anatomy, functions, pathology, and clinical uses of the buccal fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat 32(5):427–436CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Rapidis AD, Alexandridis CA, Eleftheriadis E, Angelopoulos AP (2000) The use of the buccal fat pad for reconstruction of oral defects: review of the literature and report of 15 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 58(2):158–163CrossRefPubMed Rapidis AD, Alexandridis CA, Eleftheriadis E, Angelopoulos AP (2000) The use of the buccal fat pad for reconstruction of oral defects: review of the literature and report of 15 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 58(2):158–163CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Mehrotra D, Pradhan R, Gupta S (2009) Retrospective comparison of surgical treatment modalities in 100 patients with oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 107(3):e1–e10CrossRefPubMed Mehrotra D, Pradhan R, Gupta S (2009) Retrospective comparison of surgical treatment modalities in 100 patients with oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 107(3):e1–e10CrossRefPubMed
47.
go back to reference Sharma R, Thapliyal GK, Sinha R, Menon PS (2012) Use of buccal fat pad for treatment of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70(1):228–232CrossRefPubMed Sharma R, Thapliyal GK, Sinha R, Menon PS (2012) Use of buccal fat pad for treatment of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70(1):228–232CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Rai A, Datarkar A, Rai M (2014) Is buccal fat pad a better option than nasolabial flap for reconstruction of intraoral defects after surgical release of fibrous bands in patients with oral submucous fibrosis? A pilot study: a protocol for the management of oral submucous fibrosis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 42(5):e111–e116CrossRefPubMed Rai A, Datarkar A, Rai M (2014) Is buccal fat pad a better option than nasolabial flap for reconstruction of intraoral defects after surgical release of fibrous bands in patients with oral submucous fibrosis? A pilot study: a protocol for the management of oral submucous fibrosis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 42(5):e111–e116CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Lambade P, Dawane P, Thorat A (2016) Efficacy of buccal fat pad in the surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg 20(2):167–170CrossRefPubMed Lambade P, Dawane P, Thorat A (2016) Efficacy of buccal fat pad in the surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg 20(2):167–170CrossRefPubMed
50.
go back to reference Chao CK, Chang LC, Liu SY, Wang JJ (2002) Histologic examination of pedicled buccal fat pad graft in oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 60(10):1131–1134CrossRefPubMed Chao CK, Chang LC, Liu SY, Wang JJ (2002) Histologic examination of pedicled buccal fat pad graft in oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 60(10):1131–1134CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Wolford LM, Karras SC (1997) Autologous fat transplantation around temporomandibular joint total joint prostheses: preliminary treatment outcomes. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 55(3):245–251CrossRefPubMed Wolford LM, Karras SC (1997) Autologous fat transplantation around temporomandibular joint total joint prostheses: preliminary treatment outcomes. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 55(3):245–251CrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference Rattan V (2006) A simple technique for use of buccal pad of fat in temporomandibular joint reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 64(9):1447–1451CrossRefPubMed Rattan V (2006) A simple technique for use of buccal pad of fat in temporomandibular joint reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 64(9):1447–1451CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Bansal V, Bansal A, Mowar A, Gupta S (2015) Ultrasonography for the volumetric analysis of the buccal fat pad as an interposition material for the management of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in adolescent patients. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53(9):820–825CrossRefPubMed Bansal V, Bansal A, Mowar A, Gupta S (2015) Ultrasonography for the volumetric analysis of the buccal fat pad as an interposition material for the management of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in adolescent patients. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53(9):820–825CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Singh V, Dhingra R, Sharma B, Bhagol A, Kumar P (2011) Retrospective analysis of use of buccal fat pad as an interpositional graft in temporomandibular joint ankylosis: preliminary study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(10):2530–2536CrossRefPubMed Singh V, Dhingra R, Sharma B, Bhagol A, Kumar P (2011) Retrospective analysis of use of buccal fat pad as an interpositional graft in temporomandibular joint ankylosis: preliminary study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(10):2530–2536CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Singh V, Dhingra R, Bhagol A (2012) Prospective analysis of temporomandibular joint reconstruction in ankylosis with sternoclavicular graft and buccal fat pad lining. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70(4):997–1006CrossRefPubMed Singh V, Dhingra R, Bhagol A (2012) Prospective analysis of temporomandibular joint reconstruction in ankylosis with sternoclavicular graft and buccal fat pad lining. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70(4):997–1006CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Gaba S, Sharma RK, Rattan V, Khandelwal N (2012) The long-term fate of pedicled buccal pad fat used for interpositional arthroplasty in TMJ ankylosis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65(11):1468–1473CrossRefPubMed Gaba S, Sharma RK, Rattan V, Khandelwal N (2012) The long-term fate of pedicled buccal pad fat used for interpositional arthroplasty in TMJ ankylosis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65(11):1468–1473CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Rubio-Bueno P, Ardanza B, Piñas L, Murillo N (2013) Pedicled buccal fat pad flap for upper lip augmentation in orthognathic surgery patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(4):e178–e184CrossRefPubMed Rubio-Bueno P, Ardanza B, Piñas L, Murillo N (2013) Pedicled buccal fat pad flap for upper lip augmentation in orthognathic surgery patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(4):e178–e184CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Cherekaev VA, Golbin DA, Belov AI (2012) Translocated pedicled buccal fat pad: closure of anterior and middle skull base defects after tumor resection. J Craniofac Surg 23(1):98–104CrossRefPubMed Cherekaev VA, Golbin DA, Belov AI (2012) Translocated pedicled buccal fat pad: closure of anterior and middle skull base defects after tumor resection. J Craniofac Surg 23(1):98–104CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Kim JT, Naidu S, Kim YH (2010) The buccal fat: a convenient and effective autologous option to prevent Frey syndrome and for facial contouring following parotidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 125(6):1706–1709CrossRefPubMed Kim JT, Naidu S, Kim YH (2010) The buccal fat: a convenient and effective autologous option to prevent Frey syndrome and for facial contouring following parotidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 125(6):1706–1709CrossRefPubMed
60.
go back to reference Kim YK, Yun PY, Oh JS, Kim SG (2014) Prognosis of closure of large sinus membrane perforations using pedicled buccal fat pads and a resorbable collagen membrane: case series study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(4):188–194CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kim YK, Yun PY, Oh JS, Kim SG (2014) Prognosis of closure of large sinus membrane perforations using pedicled buccal fat pads and a resorbable collagen membrane: case series study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(4):188–194CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
61.
go back to reference Alonso-González R, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Aloy-Prósper A, Camacho-Alonso F, Peñarrocha-Diago M (2015) Closure of oroantral communications with Bichat’s buccal fat pad. Level of patient satisfaction. J Clin Exp Dent 7(1):e28–e33CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Alonso-González R, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Aloy-Prósper A, Camacho-Alonso F, Peñarrocha-Diago M (2015) Closure of oroantral communications with Bichat’s buccal fat pad. Level of patient satisfaction. J Clin Exp Dent 7(1):e28–e33CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
62.
go back to reference Stajcić Z (1992) The buccal fat pad in the closure of oro-antral communications: a study of 56 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 20(5):193–197CrossRefPubMed Stajcić Z (1992) The buccal fat pad in the closure of oro-antral communications: a study of 56 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 20(5):193–197CrossRefPubMed
63.
go back to reference Baumann A, Ewers R (2000) Application of the buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 58(4):389–392CrossRefPubMed Baumann A, Ewers R (2000) Application of the buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 58(4):389–392CrossRefPubMed
64.
go back to reference Jain MK, Ramesh C, Sankar K, Lokesh Babu KT (2012) Pedicled buccal fat pad in the management of oroantral fistula: a clinical study of 15 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(8):1025–1029CrossRefPubMed Jain MK, Ramesh C, Sankar K, Lokesh Babu KT (2012) Pedicled buccal fat pad in the management of oroantral fistula: a clinical study of 15 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41(8):1025–1029CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Chaudhary B, Gong Z, Lin Z, Abbas K, Ling B, Liu H (2014) Reconstruction of intraoral maxillary defect with buccal fat pad. J Craniofac Surg 25(6):2174–2177PubMed Chaudhary B, Gong Z, Lin Z, Abbas K, Ling B, Liu H (2014) Reconstruction of intraoral maxillary defect with buccal fat pad. J Craniofac Surg 25(6):2174–2177PubMed
Metadata
Title
The use of the buccal fat pad flap for oral reconstruction
Authors
Min-Keun Kim
Wonil Han
Seong-Gon Kim
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2288-8586
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-017-0105-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1/2017 Go to the issue