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Clinical Phytoscience
Published in: Clinical Phytoscience 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Original contribution

African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa, Jacq Benth) leaf extract affects mitochondrial redox chemistry and inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme in vitro

Authors: Kayode Komolafe, Afolabi C. Akinmoladun, Titilope R. Komolafe, Mary T. Olaleye, Akintunde A. Akindahunsi, Joao B. T. Rocha

Published in: Clinical Phytoscience | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Parkia biglobosa leaf has popular ethnomedicinal use in tropical Africa. However, little is known about its molecular biological effects. This study sought to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and effects of aqueous-methanolic extract of P. biglobosa leaf (PBE) on mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.

Methods

Antioxidant activity was determined by extract’s DPPH. (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), ABTS.+ [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation] scavenging ability, reducing property and propensity to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by prooxidants (FeSO4/sodium nitroprusside, SNP) in isolated rat tissue preparations. Determination of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was based on the hydrolysis of N-hippuryl-His-Leu hydrate (HHL) by the enzyme. Subsequently, the effects of PBE on toxicant-induced mitochondrial ROS formation and basal membrane potential (∆Ψm) were determined by 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation and safranine fluorescence respectively.

Results

PBE significantly reduced ferric ions (P < 0.001), scavenged DPPH (EC50 = 98.33 ± 1.0 μg/mL) and ABTS (EC50 = 45.30 ± 0.1) radicals, with moderate Fe2+- chelating effect (40%). In rat liver and brain homogenates respectively, PBE prevented membrane peroxidation induced by FeSO4 (EC50: 75.87 ± 2.1 μg/mL and 89.34 ± 2.5 μg/mL) and SNP (EC50: 28.10 ± 1.6 μg/mL and 17.25 ± 0.78 μg/mL). The extract’s inhibition of ACE (IC50 = 51.30 ± 5.1 μg/mL) and mild depolarization of isolated liver mitochondria membrane potential were concentration-dependent. Finally, PBE was more effective than catechin in attenuating calcium and SNP-induced surge in mitochondrial ROS generation.

Conclusion

Parkia biglobosa leaf exhibits considerable ACE inhibitory effect, antioxidant activity and affects mitochondrial redox chemistry. These present findings also justify the ethnobotanical applications of the plant in the indigenous system of medicine.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa, Jacq Benth) leaf extract affects mitochondrial redox chemistry and inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme in vitro
Authors
Kayode Komolafe
Afolabi C. Akinmoladun
Titilope R. Komolafe
Mary T. Olaleye
Akintunde A. Akindahunsi
Joao B. T. Rocha
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Phytoscience / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2199-1197
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-017-0057-4

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