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Experimental Hematology & Oncology
Published in: Experimental Hematology & Oncology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

The role of neoantigen in immune checkpoint blockade therapy

Authors: Ming Yi, Shuang Qin, Weiheng Zhao, Shengnan Yu, Qian Chu, Kongming Wu

Published in: Experimental Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitor induces tumor rejection by activated host immune system. The anti-tumor immune response consists of capture, presentation, recognition of neoantigen, as well as subsequent killing of tumor cell. Due to the interdependence among this series of stepwise events, neoantigen profoundly influences the efficacy of anti-immune checkpoint therapy. Moreover, the neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity is the cornerstone of multiple immunotherapies. In fact, several strategies targeting neoantigen have been attempted for synergetic effect with immune checkpoint inhibitor. Increasing neoantigen presentation to immune system by oncolytic virus, radiotherapy, or cancer vaccine is feasible to enhance neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity in theory. However, some obstacles have not been overcome in practice such as dynamic variation of neoantigen landscape, identification of potential neoantigen, maintenance of high T cell titer post vaccination. In addition, adoptive T cell transfer is another approach to enhance neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity, especially for patients with severe immunosuppression. In this review, we highlighted the advancements of neoantigen and innovative explorations of utilization of neoantigen repertoire in immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Metadata
Title
The role of neoantigen in immune checkpoint blockade therapy
Authors
Ming Yi
Shuang Qin
Weiheng Zhao
Shengnan Yu
Qian Chu
Kongming Wu
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Experimental Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 2162-3619
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-018-0120-y

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