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Systematic Reviews
Published in: Systematic Reviews 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis

Authors: Leila Kahwati, Meera Viswanathan, Carol E. Golin, Heather Kane, Megan Lewis, Sara Jacobs

Published in: Systematic Reviews | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Interventions to improve medication adherence are diverse and complex. Consequently, synthesizing this evidence is challenging. We aimed to extend the results from an existing systematic review of interventions to improve medication adherence by using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to identify necessary or sufficient configurations of behavior change techniques among effective interventions.

Methods

We used data from 60 studies in a completed systematic review to examine the combinations of nine behavior change techniques (increasing knowledge, increasing awareness, changing attitude, increasing self-efficacy, increasing intention formation, increasing action control, facilitation, increasing maintenance support, and motivational interviewing) among studies demonstrating improvements in adherence.

Results

Among the 60 studies, 34 demonstrated improved medication adherence. Among effective studies, increasing patient knowledge was a necessary but not sufficient technique. We identified seven configurations of behavior change techniques sufficient for improving adherence, which together accounted for 26 (76 %) of the effective studies. The intervention configuration that included increasing knowledge and self-efficacy was the most empirically relevant, accounting for 17 studies (50 %) and uniquely accounting for 15 (44 %).

Conclusions

This analysis extends the completed review findings by identifying multiple combinations of behavior change techniques that improve adherence. Our findings offer direction for policy makers, practitioners, and future comparative effectiveness research on improving adherence.
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Metadata
Title
Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis
Authors
Leila Kahwati
Meera Viswanathan
Carol E. Golin
Heather Kane
Megan Lewis
Sara Jacobs
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Systematic Reviews / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2046-4053
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0255-z

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