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Annals of Intensive Care
Published in: Annals of Intensive Care 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Bedside selection of positive end-expiratory pressure by electrical impedance tomography in hypoxemic patients: a feasibility study

Authors: Nilde Eronia, Tommaso Mauri, Elisabetta Maffezzini, Stefano Gatti, Alfio Bronco, Laura Alban, Filippo Binda, Tommaso Sasso, Cristina Marenghi, Giacomo Grasselli, Giuseppe Foti, Antonio Pesenti, Giacomo Bellani

Published in: Annals of Intensive Care | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a key element of mechanical ventilation. It should optimize recruitment, without causing excessive overdistension, but controversy exists on the best method to set it. The purpose of the study was to test the feasibility of setting PEEP with electrical impedance tomography in order to prevent lung de-recruitment following a recruitment maneuver. We enrolled 16 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation with PaO2/FiO2 <300 mmHg. In all patients, under constant tidal volume (6–8 ml/kg) PEEP was set based on the PEEP/FiO2 table proposed by the ARDS network (PEEPARDSnet). We performed a recruitment maneuver and monitored the end-expiratory lung impedance (EELI) over 10 min. If the EELI signal decreased during this period, the recruitment maneuver was repeated and PEEP increased by 2 cmH2O. This procedure was repeated until the EELI maintained a stability over time (PEEPEIT).

Results

The procedure was feasible in 87% patients. PEEPEIT was higher than PEEPARDSnet (13 ± 3 vs. 9 ± 2 cmH2O, p < 0.001). PaO2/FiO2 improved during PEEPEIT and driving pressure decreased. Recruited volume correlated with the decrease in driving pressure but not with oxygenation improvement. Finally, regional alveolar hyperdistention and collapse was reduced in dependent lung layers and increased in non-dependent lung layers.

Conclusions

In hypoxemic patients, a PEEP selection strategy aimed at stabilizing alveolar recruitment guided by EIT at the bedside was feasible and safe. This strategy led, in comparison with the ARDSnet table, to higher PEEP, improved oxygenation and reduced driving pressure, allowing to estimate the relative weight of overdistension and recruitment.
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Metadata
Title
Bedside selection of positive end-expiratory pressure by electrical impedance tomography in hypoxemic patients: a feasibility study
Authors
Nilde Eronia
Tommaso Mauri
Elisabetta Maffezzini
Stefano Gatti
Alfio Bronco
Laura Alban
Filippo Binda
Tommaso Sasso
Cristina Marenghi
Giacomo Grasselli
Giuseppe Foti
Antonio Pesenti
Giacomo Bellani
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Annals of Intensive Care / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2110-5820
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-017-0299-9

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