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Insights into Imaging
Published in: Insights into Imaging 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | Educational Review

Gyriform restricted diffusion in adults: looking beyond thrombo-occlusions

Authors: Vivek Pai, Yih Yian Sitoh, Bela Purohit

Published in: Insights into Imaging | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Gyriform restricted diffusion (GRD) refers to hyperintense signal involving the cerebral cortex on diffusion-weighted images (DWI) with corresponding hypointensity on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images. These changes are commonly seen following a vascular occlusion, reflecting the limitation of water molecule movement across cell membranes (restricted diffusion) due to the failure of Na+/K+-ATPase pumps (cytotoxic oedema). However, GRD can occur in several other neurological conditions as well. A thorough understanding of these conditions and their anatomic predilection plays a critical role in identifying and differentiating them from vascular thrombo-occlusion, with impact towards appropriate clinical management. This review highlights the less commonly encountered, non-stroke causes of GRD in adults with case-based examples. A tabulated chart of the patterns of cortical and subcortical involvement associated with these aetiologies is provided for a quick, pattern-based reference for daily radiological reporting.
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Metadata
Title
Gyriform restricted diffusion in adults: looking beyond thrombo-occlusions
Authors
Vivek Pai
Yih Yian Sitoh
Bela Purohit
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Insights into Imaging / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1869-4101
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-019-0829-0

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