Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Poor prognostic factors guiding treatment decisions in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a review of data from randomized clinical trials and cohort studies

Authors: Katinka Albrecht, Angela Zink

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Prognostic factors are used for treatment decisions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High disease activity, the early presence of erosions, and autoantibody positivity are the most frequently used poor prognostic factors but other features, such as functional disability, extraarticular disease, or multibiomarkers, are also assessed. Prognostic factors are incorporated in current treatment recommendations for the management of RA and are used as inclusion criteria in randomized controlled trials. They are defined heterogeneously and the relevance of a single or combined presence of poor prognostic factors remains unclear. This review summarizes the current definitions of poor prognostic factors and their use in clinical research. Perspectives on future research are also outlined.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Van der Helm-van Mil AH. Risk estimation in rheumatoid arthritis: from bench to bedside. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014;10:171–80.CrossRef Van der Helm-van Mil AH. Risk estimation in rheumatoid arthritis: from bench to bedside. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014;10:171–80.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Ferraccioli G, Tolusso B, Fedele AL, Gremese E. Do we need to apply a T2T strategy even in ACPA-negative early rheumatoid arthritis? YES RMD Open. 2016;2(1):e000263.CrossRefPubMed Ferraccioli G, Tolusso B, Fedele AL, Gremese E. Do we need to apply a T2T strategy even in ACPA-negative early rheumatoid arthritis? YES RMD Open. 2016;2(1):e000263.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Smolen JS, Landewé R, Breedveld FC, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:492–509.CrossRefPubMed Smolen JS, Landewé R, Breedveld FC, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:492–509.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Singh JA, Furst DE, Bharat A, et al. 2012 update of the 2008 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologic agents in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:625–39.CrossRef Singh JA, Furst DE, Bharat A, et al. 2012 update of the 2008 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologic agents in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:625–39.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Caporali R, Conti F, Alivernini S, et al. Recommendations for the use of biologic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: update from the Italian Society for Rheumatology I. Efficacy. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2011;29(3 Suppl 66):S7–14.PubMed Caporali R, Conti F, Alivernini S, et al. Recommendations for the use of biologic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: update from the Italian Society for Rheumatology I. Efficacy. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2011;29(3 Suppl 66):S7–14.PubMed
6.
go back to reference Atsumi T, Yamamoto K, Takeuchi T, et al. The first double-blind, randomised, parallel-group certolizumab pegol study in methotrexate-naive early rheumatoid arthritis patients with poor prognostic factors, C-OPERA, shows inhibition of radiographic progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:75–83.CrossRefPubMed Atsumi T, Yamamoto K, Takeuchi T, et al. The first double-blind, randomised, parallel-group certolizumab pegol study in methotrexate-naive early rheumatoid arthritis patients with poor prognostic factors, C-OPERA, shows inhibition of radiographic progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:75–83.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Vastesaeger N, Xu S, Aletaha D, et al. A pilot risk model for the prediction of rapid radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48:1114–21.CrossRef Vastesaeger N, Xu S, Aletaha D, et al. A pilot risk model for the prediction of rapid radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48:1114–21.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Markusse IM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Han KH, et al. Feasibility of tailored treatment based on risk stratification in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:430.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Markusse IM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Han KH, et al. Feasibility of tailored treatment based on risk stratification in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:430.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
go back to reference Visser K, Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, et al. A matrix risk model for the prediction of rapid radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving different dynamic treatment strategies: post hoc analyses from the BeSt study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:1333–7.CrossRefPubMed Visser K, Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, et al. A matrix risk model for the prediction of rapid radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving different dynamic treatment strategies: post hoc analyses from the BeSt study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:1333–7.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Granger B, Combe B, Le Loet X, Saraux A, Guillemin F, Fautrel B. Performance of matrices developed to identify patients with early rheumatoid arthritis with rapid radiographic progression despite methotrexate therapy: an external validation study based on the ESPOIR cohort data. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000245.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Granger B, Combe B, Le Loet X, Saraux A, Guillemin F, Fautrel B. Performance of matrices developed to identify patients with early rheumatoid arthritis with rapid radiographic progression despite methotrexate therapy: an external validation study based on the ESPOIR cohort data. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000245.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
go back to reference Koga T, Okada A, Fukuda T, et al. Prognostic factors toward clinically relevant radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: a Japanese multicenter, prospective longitudinal cohort study for achieving a treat-to-target strategy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e3476.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Koga T, Okada A, Fukuda T, et al. Prognostic factors toward clinically relevant radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: a Japanese multicenter, prospective longitudinal cohort study for achieving a treat-to-target strategy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e3476.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
go back to reference Castrejón I, Dougados M, Combe B, et al. Prediction of remission in a French early arthritis cohort by RAPID3 and other core data set measures, but not by the absence of rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, or radiographic erosions. J Rheumatol. 2016;43:1285–91.CrossRefPubMed Castrejón I, Dougados M, Combe B, et al. Prediction of remission in a French early arthritis cohort by RAPID3 and other core data set measures, but not by the absence of rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, or radiographic erosions. J Rheumatol. 2016;43:1285–91.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Dirven L, Visser K, Klarenbeek NB, et al. Towards personalized treatment: predictors of short-term HAQ response in recent-onset active rheumatoid arthritis are different from predictors of rapid radiological progression. Scand J Rheumatol. 2012;41:15–9.CrossRefPubMed Dirven L, Visser K, Klarenbeek NB, et al. Towards personalized treatment: predictors of short-term HAQ response in recent-onset active rheumatoid arthritis are different from predictors of rapid radiological progression. Scand J Rheumatol. 2012;41:15–9.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Saevarsdottir S, Wallin H, Seddighzadeh M, et al. Predictors of response to methotrexate in early DMARD naive rheumatoid arthritis: results from the initial open-label phase of the SWEFOT trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:469–75.CrossRefPubMed Saevarsdottir S, Wallin H, Seddighzadeh M, et al. Predictors of response to methotrexate in early DMARD naive rheumatoid arthritis: results from the initial open-label phase of the SWEFOT trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:469–75.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Saevarsdottir S, Rezaei H, Geborek P, SWEFOT study group, et al. Current smoking status is a strong predictor of radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74:1509–14.CrossRefPubMed Saevarsdottir S, Rezaei H, Geborek P, SWEFOT study group, et al. Current smoking status is a strong predictor of radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74:1509–14.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Gremese E, Salaffi F, Bosello SL, et al. Very early rheumatoid arthritis as a predictor of remission: a multicentre real life prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:858–62.CrossRefPubMed Gremese E, Salaffi F, Bosello SL, et al. Very early rheumatoid arthritis as a predictor of remission: a multicentre real life prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:858–62.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Curtis JR, Yang S, Chen L, et al. Predicting low disease activity and remission using early treatment response to antitumour necrosis factor therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: exploratory analyses from the TEMPO trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:206–12.CrossRefPubMed Curtis JR, Yang S, Chen L, et al. Predicting low disease activity and remission using early treatment response to antitumour necrosis factor therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: exploratory analyses from the TEMPO trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:206–12.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Keystone EC, Haraoui B, Guérette B, et al. Clinical, functional, and radiographic implications of time to treatment response in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a posthoc analysis of the PREMIER study. J Rheumatol. 2014;41:235–43.CrossRefPubMed Keystone EC, Haraoui B, Guérette B, et al. Clinical, functional, and radiographic implications of time to treatment response in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a posthoc analysis of the PREMIER study. J Rheumatol. 2014;41:235–43.CrossRefPubMed
20.
21.
go back to reference Curtis JR, van der Helm-van Mil AH, Knevel R, et al. Validation of a novel multibiomarker test to assess rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Arthritis Care Res. 2012;64:1794–803.CrossRef Curtis JR, van der Helm-van Mil AH, Knevel R, et al. Validation of a novel multibiomarker test to assess rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Arthritis Care Res. 2012;64:1794–803.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Li W, Sasso EH, van der Helm-van Mil AH, Huizinga TW. Relationship of multi-biomarker disease activity score and other risk factors with radiographic progression in an observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016;55:357–66.CrossRef Li W, Sasso EH, van der Helm-van Mil AH, Huizinga TW. Relationship of multi-biomarker disease activity score and other risk factors with radiographic progression in an observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016;55:357–66.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Hambardzumyan K, Bolce RJ, Saevarsdottir S, et al. Association of a multibiomarker disease activity score at multiple time-points with radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000197.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hambardzumyan K, Bolce RJ, Saevarsdottir S, et al. Association of a multibiomarker disease activity score at multiple time-points with radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000197.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
go back to reference Naredo E, Collado P, Cruz A, et al. Longitudinal power Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of joint inflammatory activity in early rheumatoid arthritis: predictive value in disease activity and radiologic progression. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:116–24.CrossRefPubMed Naredo E, Collado P, Cruz A, et al. Longitudinal power Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of joint inflammatory activity in early rheumatoid arthritis: predictive value in disease activity and radiologic progression. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:116–24.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Sreerangaiah D, Grayer M, Fisher BA, et al. Quantitative power Doppler ultrasound measures of peripheral joint synovitis in poor prognosis early rheumatoid arthritis predict radiographic progression. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016;55:89–93.CrossRef Sreerangaiah D, Grayer M, Fisher BA, et al. Quantitative power Doppler ultrasound measures of peripheral joint synovitis in poor prognosis early rheumatoid arthritis predict radiographic progression. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016;55:89–93.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Hetland ML, Ejbjerg B, Hørslev-Petersen K, et al. MRI bone oedema is the strongest predictor of subsequent radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a 2-year randomised controlled trial (CIMESTRA). Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:384–90.CrossRefPubMed Hetland ML, Ejbjerg B, Hørslev-Petersen K, et al. MRI bone oedema is the strongest predictor of subsequent radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a 2-year randomised controlled trial (CIMESTRA). Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:384–90.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Haavardsholm EA, Bøyesen P, Østergaard M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in 84 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: bone marrow oedema predicts erosive progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:794–800.CrossRefPubMed Haavardsholm EA, Bøyesen P, Østergaard M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in 84 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: bone marrow oedema predicts erosive progression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:794–800.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference McQueen FM, Benton N, Perry D, et al. Bone edema scored on magnetic resonance imaging scans of the dominant carpus at presentation predicts radiographic joint damage of the hands and feet six years later in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:1814–27.CrossRefPubMed McQueen FM, Benton N, Perry D, et al. Bone edema scored on magnetic resonance imaging scans of the dominant carpus at presentation predicts radiographic joint damage of the hands and feet six years later in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:1814–27.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Knevel R, Gröndal G, Huizinga TW, et al. Genetic predisposition of the severity of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:707–9.CrossRefPubMed Knevel R, Gröndal G, Huizinga TW, et al. Genetic predisposition of the severity of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:707–9.CrossRefPubMed
30.
31.
go back to reference Sharp JT, Wolfe F, Mitchell DM, et al. The progression of erosion and joint space narrowing scores in rheumatoid arthritis during the first twenty-five years of disease. Arthritis Rheum. 1991;34:660–8.CrossRefPubMed Sharp JT, Wolfe F, Mitchell DM, et al. The progression of erosion and joint space narrowing scores in rheumatoid arthritis during the first twenty-five years of disease. Arthritis Rheum. 1991;34:660–8.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Fautrel B, Granger B, Combe B, et al. Matrix to predict rapid radiographic progression of early rheumatoid arthritis patients from the community treated with methotrexate or leflunomide: results from the ESPOIR cohort. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012;14:R249.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Fautrel B, Granger B, Combe B, et al. Matrix to predict rapid radiographic progression of early rheumatoid arthritis patients from the community treated with methotrexate or leflunomide: results from the ESPOIR cohort. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012;14:R249.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference Lillegraven S, Paynter N, Prince FH, et al. Performance of matrix-based risk models for rapid radiographic progression in a cohort of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65:526–33.CrossRef Lillegraven S, Paynter N, Prince FH, et al. Performance of matrix-based risk models for rapid radiographic progression in a cohort of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65:526–33.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Albrecht K, Krüger K, Wollenhaupt J, et al. German guidelines for the sequential medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Rheumatol Int. 2014;34:1–9.CrossRefPubMed Albrecht K, Krüger K, Wollenhaupt J, et al. German guidelines for the sequential medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Rheumatol Int. 2014;34:1–9.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Gaujoux-Viala C, Gossec L, Cantagrel A, French Society for Rheumatology, et al. Recommendations of the French Society for Rheumatology for managing rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2014;81:287–97.CrossRefPubMed Gaujoux-Viala C, Gossec L, Cantagrel A, French Society for Rheumatology, et al. Recommendations of the French Society for Rheumatology for managing rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2014;81:287–97.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Bykerk VP, Akhavan P, Hazlewood GS, et al. Canadian Rheumatology Association recommendations for pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. J Rheumatol. 2012;39:1559–82.CrossRefPubMed Bykerk VP, Akhavan P, Hazlewood GS, et al. Canadian Rheumatology Association recommendations for pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. J Rheumatol. 2012;39:1559–82.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Sanmartí R, García-Rodríguez S, Álvaro-Gracia JM, et al. 2014 update of the Consensus Statement of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology on the use of biological therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatol Clin. 2015;11:279–94.CrossRefPubMed Sanmartí R, García-Rodríguez S, Álvaro-Gracia JM, et al. 2014 update of the Consensus Statement of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology on the use of biological therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatol Clin. 2015;11:279–94.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Ledingham J, Deighton C, British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Guidelines and Audit Working Group. Update on the British Society for Rheumatology guidelines for prescribing TNFalpha blockers in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (update of previous guidelines of April 2001). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44:157–63.CrossRef Ledingham J, Deighton C, British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Guidelines and Audit Working Group. Update on the British Society for Rheumatology guidelines for prescribing TNFalpha blockers in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (update of previous guidelines of April 2001). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44:157–63.CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Sing JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL Jr, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2016;68:1–26. Sing JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL Jr, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2016;68:1–26.
40.
go back to reference Emery P, Bingham 3rd CO, Burmester GR, et al. Certolizumab pegol in combination with dose-optimised methotrexate in DMARD-naïve patients with early, active rheumatoid arthritis with poor prognostic factors: 1-year results from C-EARLY, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:96–104.CrossRefPubMed Emery P, Bingham 3rd CO, Burmester GR, et al. Certolizumab pegol in combination with dose-optimised methotrexate in DMARD-naïve patients with early, active rheumatoid arthritis with poor prognostic factors: 1-year results from C-EARLY, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:96–104.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Burmester GR, Rigby WF, van Vollenhoven RF, et al. Tocilizumab in early progressive rheumatoid arthritis: FUNCTION, a randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:1081–91.CrossRefPubMed Burmester GR, Rigby WF, van Vollenhoven RF, et al. Tocilizumab in early progressive rheumatoid arthritis: FUNCTION, a randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:1081–91.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference O’Dell JR, Curtis JR, Mikuls TR, et al. Validation of the methotrexate-first strategy in patients with early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-year randomized, double-blind trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65:1985–94.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral O’Dell JR, Curtis JR, Mikuls TR, et al. Validation of the methotrexate-first strategy in patients with early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-year randomized, double-blind trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65:1985–94.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
go back to reference De Punder YM, Hendrikx J, den Broeder AA, et al. Should we redefine treatment targets in rheumatoid arthritis? Low disease activity is sufficiently strict for patients who are anticitrullinated protein antibody-negative. J Rheumatol. 2013;40:1268–74.CrossRefPubMed De Punder YM, Hendrikx J, den Broeder AA, et al. Should we redefine treatment targets in rheumatoid arthritis? Low disease activity is sufficiently strict for patients who are anticitrullinated protein antibody-negative. J Rheumatol. 2013;40:1268–74.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Sekiguchi M, Fujii T, Matsui K, et al. Differences in predictive factors for sustained clinical remission with abatacept between younger and elderly patients with biologic-naive rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ABROAD study. J Rheumatol. 2016;43:1974–83.CrossRefPubMed Sekiguchi M, Fujii T, Matsui K, et al. Differences in predictive factors for sustained clinical remission with abatacept between younger and elderly patients with biologic-naive rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ABROAD study. J Rheumatol. 2016;43:1974–83.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Westhovens R, Robles M, Ximenes AC, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of abatacept in methotrexate-naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and poor prognostic factors. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1870–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Westhovens R, Robles M, Ximenes AC, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of abatacept in methotrexate-naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and poor prognostic factors. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1870–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
46.
go back to reference Verschueren P, De Cock D, Corluy L, et al. Patients lacking classical poor prognostic markers might also benefit from a step-down glucocorticoid bridging scheme in early rheumatoid arthritis: week 16 results from the randomized multicenter CareRA trial. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:97.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Verschueren P, De Cock D, Corluy L, et al. Patients lacking classical poor prognostic markers might also benefit from a step-down glucocorticoid bridging scheme in early rheumatoid arthritis: week 16 results from the randomized multicenter CareRA trial. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:97.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Poor prognostic factors guiding treatment decisions in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a review of data from randomized clinical trials and cohort studies
Authors
Katinka Albrecht
Angela Zink
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-017-1266-4

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Arthritis Research & Therapy 1/2017 Go to the issue