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Trials
Published in: Trials 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

A lifestyle intervention among elderly men on active surveillance for non-aggressive prostate cancer: a randomised feasibility study with whole-grain rye and exercise

Authors: Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Rikke Dalgaard Hansen, Michael Borre, Ryan Godsk Larsen, Jeppe Munthe Jensen, Kristian Overgaard, Mette Borre, Cecilie Kyrø, Rikard Landberg, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjønneland

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

The prognosis for men with non-aggressive prostate cancer is good, and several studies have investigated the impact of lifestyle changes including physical activity and diet on the prognosis. Despite positive results in animal studies and a few human interventions with whole-grain rye on markers of prostate cancer progression, the feasibility of trials investigating such dietary changes in combination with physical activity remains largely unstudied. The primary aim was to investigate the feasibility of an intervention with high whole-grain rye intake and vigorous physical activity for 6 months in men diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Methods

In total, 26 men (53–72 years) recently diagnosed with non-aggressive prostate cancer and on active surveillance, were enrolled in 2011–2012 and randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention included 170 g/day of whole-grain rye and 3 × 45 minutes/week of vigorous physical activity. The duration of the intervention was 6 months and end of follow-up 12 months after baseline. Clinic visits were scheduled at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months after baseline. Compliance with the intervention was evaluated by diaries, food frequency questionnaires, biomarkers, and heart rate monitor data. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by linear multiple regression analysis.

Results

In the intervention group, the mean daily intake of whole-grain rye measured from diaries was 146 g (SD: 19) for the first 3 months and 125 g (SD: 40) for the last 3 months of the intervention. The median level (5th and 95th percentiles) of vigorous physical activity was 91 (17, 193) min/week for the first 3 months and 66 (13, 259) min/week for the last 3 months. No recordings of physical activity were done for the control group. Aerobic fitness (VO2 peak) increased in the intervention group compared to the control group after the intervention. No effects were found on other cardio-metabolic outcomes or prostate cancer progression.

Conclusions

The lifestyle intervention appeared feasible for 6 months among Danish men and the results are encouraging for conducting full-scale studies, where the impact of whole-grain rye and vigorous physical activity on prostate cancer progression and metabolic parameters can be evaluated.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01300104. Registered on 18 February 2011.
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Metadata
Title
A lifestyle intervention among elderly men on active surveillance for non-aggressive prostate cancer: a randomised feasibility study with whole-grain rye and exercise
Authors
Anne Kirstine Eriksen
Rikke Dalgaard Hansen
Michael Borre
Ryan Godsk Larsen
Jeppe Munthe Jensen
Kristian Overgaard
Mette Borre
Cecilie Kyrø
Rikard Landberg
Anja Olsen
Anne Tjønneland
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1734-1

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