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Critical Care
Published in: Critical Care 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Non-Invasive Ventilation | Letter

High-flow nasal cannula can’t be considered non-inferior to noninvasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who develop respiratory failure after extubation

Authors: Robert V. Curtis, Badih A. Kabchi, Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi

Published in: Critical Care | Issue 1/2020

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Excerpt

We read the article published recently in Critical Care by  Tan et al. with great interest. We appreciate their effort to evaluate high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) usage in post-extubated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with respiratory failure [1]. A non-inferiority study is a reasonable approach given NIV has shown benefit in post-extubation studies [2‐4]. Unlike superiority trials, non-inferiority studies establish non-inferiority by rejecting a null hypothesis that the tested treatment is worse than the comparator by a pre-established minimum difference (non-inferiority cutoff or delta) based on results from prior studies [5]. However, several issues in this study prevent us from reaching this conclusion. …
Literature
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Tan D, Walline JH, Ling B, Xu Y, Sun J, Wang B, Shan X, Wang Y, Cao P, Zhu Q, et al. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus non-invasive ventilation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients after extubation: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):489.CrossRef
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Burns KE, Adhikari NK, Keenan SP, Meade MO. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation as a weaning strategy for intubated adults with respiratory failure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;2010(8):CD004127.
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Esteban A, Frutos-Vivar F, Ferguson ND, Arabi Y, Apezteguia C, Gonzalez M, Epstein SK, Hill NS, Nava S, Soares MA, et al. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation for respiratory failure after extubation. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(24):2452–60.CrossRef
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Hernandez G, Vaquero C, Colinas L, Cuena R, Gonzalez P, Canabal A, Sanchez S, Rodriguez ML, Villasclaras A, Fernandez R. Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs noninvasive ventilation on reintubation and postextubation respiratory failure in high-risk patients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;316(15):1565–74.CrossRef
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Mauri L, D’Agostino RB Sr. Challenges in the design and interpretation of noninferiority trials. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(14):1357–67.CrossRef
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Stéphan F, Barrucand B, Petit P, Rézaiguia-Delclaux S, Médard A, Delannoy B, Cosserant B, Flicoteaux G, Imbert A, Pilorge C, et al. High-flow nasal oxygen vs noninvasive positive airway pressure in hypoxemic patients after cardiothoracic surgery: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015;313(23):2331–9.CrossRef
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Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A, Girault C, Ragot S, Perbet S, Prat G, Boulain T, Morawiec E, Cottereau A, et al. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(23):2185–96.CrossRef
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Doshi P, Whittle JS, Bublewicz M, Kearney J, Ashe T, Graham R, Salazar S, Ellis TW Jr, Maynard D, Dennis R, et al. High-velocity nasal insufflation in the treatment of respiratory failure: a randomized clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2018;72(1):73-83.e5.CrossRef
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Kullberg BJ, Sobel JD, Ruhnke M, Pappas PG, Viscoli C, Rex JH, Cleary JD, Rubinstein E, Church LWP, Brown JM, et al. Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9495):1435–42.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
High-flow nasal cannula can’t be considered non-inferior to noninvasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who develop respiratory failure after extubation
Authors
Robert V. Curtis
Badih A. Kabchi
Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Critical Care / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1364-8535
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03363-x

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