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Italian Journal of Pediatrics
Published in: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Incidence of infants born small- and large-for-gestational-age in an Italian cohort over a 20-year period and associated risk factors

Authors: Valentina Chiavaroli, Valeria Castorani, Paola Guidone, José G. B. Derraik, Marco Liberati, Francesco Chiarelli, Angelika Mohn

Published in: Italian Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

We assessed the incidence of infants born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) in an Italian cohort over 20 years (1993–2013). Furthermore, we investigated maternal factors associated with SGA and LGA births.

Methods

A retrospective review of obstetric records was performed on infants born in Chieti (Italy) covering every 5th year over a 20-year period, specifically examining data for 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, and 2013. Infants with birthweight <10th percentile were defined as SGA, and those with birthweight >90th percentile as LGA. Data collected included newborn anthropometry, birth (multiple vs singleton), maternal anthropometry, previous miscarriage, gestational diabetes, hypertension, and smoking during pregnancy.

Results

There were a pooled total of 5896 live births recorded across the 5 selected years. The number of SGA (+60.6 %) and LGA (+90.2 %) births increased considerably between 1993 and 2013. However, there were no marked changes in the incidence of SGA or LGA births (8.3 % and 10.8 % in 1993 versus 7.6 % and 11.7 % in 2013, respectively). Maternal factors associated with increased risk of SGA infants included hypertension, smoking, and previous miscarriage (all p < 0.05), while greater pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes were risk factors for LGA births (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions

There was an increase in the number of SGA and LGA births in Chieti over the last two decades, but there was little change in incidence over time. Most maternal factors associated with increased odds of SGA and LGA births were modifiable, thus incidence could be reduced by targeted interventions.
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Metadata
Title
Incidence of infants born small- and large-for-gestational-age in an Italian cohort over a 20-year period and associated risk factors
Authors
Valentina Chiavaroli
Valeria Castorani
Paola Guidone
José G. B. Derraik
Marco Liberati
Francesco Chiarelli
Angelika Mohn
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Italian Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1824-7288
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-016-0254-7

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