Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Published in: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

The evaluation of the role of medial collateral ligament maintaining knee stability by a finite element analysis

Authors: Dong Ren, Yueju Liu, Xianchao Zhang, Zhaohui Song, Jian Lu, Pengcheng Wang

Published in: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

A three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the knee joint was established to analyze the biomechanical functions of the superficial and deep medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) of knee joints and to investigate the treatment of the knee medial collateral ligament injury.

Methods

The right knee joint of a healthy male volunteer was subjected to CT and MRI scans in the extended position. The scanned data were imported into MIMICS, Geomagic, and ANSYS software to establish a three-dimensional FEM of the human knee joint. The anterior-posterior translation, valgus-varus rotation, and internal-external rotation of knee joints were simulated to observe tibial displacement or valgus angle. In addition, the magnitude and distribution of valgus stress in the superficial and deep layers of the intact MCL as well as the superficial, deep, and overall deficiencies of the MCL were investigated.

Results

In the extended position, the superficial medial collateral ligament (SMCL) would withstand maximum stresses of 48.63, 16.08, 17.23, and 16.08 MPa in resisting the valgus of knee joints, tibial forward displacement, internal rotation, and external rotation, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum stress tolerated by the SMCL in various ranges of motion mainly focused on the femoral end point, which was located at the anterior and posterior parts of the femur in resisting valgus motion and external rotation, respectively. However, the deep medial collateral ligament could tolerate only minimum stress, which was mainly focused at the femoral start and end points.

Conclusions

This model can effectively analyze the biomechanical functions of the superficial and deep layers of the MCLs of knee joints. The results show that the knee MCL II° injury is the indication of surgical repair.
Literature
1.
Hetsroni I, Mann G. Combined reconstruction of the medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament using ipsilateral quadriceps tendon-bone and bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts. Arthrosc Tech. 2016;5(3):e579–87.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Najibi S, Albright JP. The use of knee braces, part 1: prophylactic knee braces in contact sports. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(4):602–11.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Hamilton TW, Strickland LH, Pandit HG. A meta-analysis on the use of gabapentinoids for the treatment of acute postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016;98(16):1340–50.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Yenchak AJ, et al. Criteria-based management of an acute multistructure knee injury in a professional football player: a case report. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011;41(9):675–86.CrossRefPubMed
5.
6.
Pena E, et al. A finite element simulation of the effect of graft stiffness and graft tensioning in ACL reconstruction. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2005;20(6):636–44.CrossRef
7.
Shirazi R, Shirazi-Adl A. Computational biomechanics of articular cartilage of human knee joint: effect of osteochondral defects. J Biomech. 2009;42(15):2458–65.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Gabriel MT, et al. Distribution of in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament in response to rotatory loads. J Orthop Res. 2004;22(1):85–9.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Hinterwimmer S, Baumgart R, Plitz W. Tension changes in the collateral ligaments of a cruciate ligament-deficient knee joint: an experimental biomechanical study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2002;122(8):454–8.PubMed
10.
Abdel-Rahman EM, Hefzy MS. Three-dimensional dynamic behaviour of the human knee joint under impact loading. Med Eng Phys. 1998;20(4):276–90.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Brekelmans WA, Poort HW, Slooff TJ. A new method to analyse the mechanical behaviour of skeletal parts. Acta Orthop Scand. 1972;43(5):301–17.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Load sharing between the shell and centrum in the lumbar vertebral body. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997;22(2):140–50.CrossRef
13.
Li G, et al. A validated three-dimensional computational model of a human knee joint. J Biomech Eng. 1999;121(6):657–62.CrossRefPubMed
14.
LeRoux MA, Setton LA. Experimental and biphasic FEM determinations of the material properties and hydraulic permeability of the meniscus in tension. J Biomech Eng. 2002;124(3):315–21.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Chantarapanich N, et al. A finite element study of stress distributions in normal and osteoarthritic knee joints. J Med Assoc Thai. 2009;92 Suppl 6:S97–103.PubMed
16.
Donahue TL, et al. A finite element model of the human knee joint for the study of tibio-femoral contact. J Biomech Eng. 2002;124(3):273–80.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Yao J, et al. Stresses and strains in the medial meniscus of an ACL deficient knee under anterior loading: a finite element analysis with image-based experimental validation. J Biomech Eng. 2006;128(1):135–41.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Liu F, et al. In vivo length patterns of the medial collateral ligament during the stance phase of gait. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011;19(5):719–27.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Ellis BJ, et al. Medial collateral ligament insertion site and contact forces in the ACL-deficient knee. J Orthop Res. 2006;24(4):800–10.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Hosseini A, et al. In vivo length change patterns of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments along the flexion path of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(10):3055–61.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
The evaluation of the role of medial collateral ligament maintaining knee stability by a finite element analysis
Authors
Dong Ren
Yueju Liu
Xianchao Zhang
Zhaohui Song
Jian Lu
Pengcheng Wang
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1749-799X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-017-0566-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 1/2017 Go to the issue

Research article

Arthroscopic internal drainage and cystectomy of popliteal cyst in knee osteoarthritis

Research article

Influence of growth hormone treatment on radiographic indices of the spine: propensity-matched analysis

Research article

Biomechanical analysis of the posterior bony column of the lumbar spine

Research article

Combined use of intravenous and topical versus intravenous tranexamic acid in primary total knee and hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Research article

Posterior wedge osteotomy and debridement for Andersson lesion with severe kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis

Technical note

Achilles tenodesis for calcaneal insufficiency avulsion fractures associated with diabetes mellitus