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Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Breadth and magnitude of antigen-specific antibody responses in the control of plasma viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques

Authors: Bapi Pahar, Carys S. Kenway-Lynch, Preston Marx, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Celia LaBranche, David C. Montefiori, Arpita Das

Published in: Virology Journal | Issue 1/2016

Abstract

Background

Increasing evidence suggests an unexpected potential for non-neutralizing antibodies to prevent HIV infection. Consequently, identification of functional linear B-cell epitopes for HIV are important for developing preventative and therapeutic strategies. We therefore explored the role of antigen-specific immune responses in controlling plasma viremia in SIV infected rhesus macaques.

Methods

Thirteen rhesus macaques were inoculated either intravaginally or intrarectally with SIV_MAC251. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells were quantified. Plasma was examined for viremia, antigen specific IgG, IgA and IgM binding responses and neutralizing antibodies. Regions containing binding epitopes for antigen-specific IgG, IgM and IgA responses were determined, and the minimum size of linear Envelope epitope responsible for binding antibodies was identified.

Results

The presence of neutralizing antibodies did not correlate the outcome of the disease. In a few SIV-infected macaques, antigen-specific IgG and IgM responses in plasma correlated with decreased plasma viremia. Early induction and the breadth of antigen-specific IgG responses were found to be significantly correlated with the control of plasma viral load. Immunoglobulin classes share similar functional linear B-cell epitopes. SIV-specific linear envelope B-cell epitopes were found to be 12 amino-acids in length.

Conclusions

Early induction of combination of peptide-specific IgG responses were found to be responsible for the control of plasma viral load and indicative of disease outcome in SIV-infected rhesus macaques and might be important for the development of therapeutic strategies for control or prevention of HIV/AIDS.

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Title: Breadth and magnitude of antigen-specific antibody responses in the control of plasma viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques
Authors: Bapi Pahar
Carys S. Kenway-Lynch
Preston Marx
Sudesh K. Srivastav
Celia LaBranche
David C. Montefiori
Arpita Das
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Virology Journal / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-016-0652-x

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Breadth and magnitude of antigen-specific antibody responses in the control of plasma viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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