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Immunity & Ageing
Published in: Immunity & Ageing 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Review

Dietary phytochemicals and neuro-inflammaging: from mechanistic insights to translational challenges

Authors: Sergio Davinelli, Michael Maes, Graziamaria Corbi, Armando Zarrelli, Donald Craig Willcox, Giovanni Scapagnini

Published in: Immunity & Ageing | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

An extensive literature describes the positive impact of dietary phytochemicals on overall health and longevity. Dietary phytochemicals include a large group of non-nutrients compounds from a wide range of plant-derived foods and chemical classes. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made to realize that oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) and chronic, low-grade inflammation are major risk factors underlying brain aging. Accumulated data strongly suggest that phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices may exert relevant negative immunoregulatory, and/or anti-O&NS activities in the context of brain aging. Despite the translational gap between basic and clinical research, the current understanding of the molecular interactions between phytochemicals and immune-inflammatory and O&NS (IO&NS) pathways could help in designing effective nutritional strategies to delay brain aging and improve cognitive function. This review attempts to summarise recent evidence indicating that specific phytochemicals may act as positive modulators of IO&NS pathways by attenuating pro-inflammatory pathways associated with the age-related redox imbalance that occurs in brain aging. We will also discuss the need to initiate long-term nutrition intervention studies in healthy subjects. Hence, we will highlight crucial aspects that require further study to determine effective physiological concentrations and explore the real impact of dietary phytochemicals in preserving brain health before the onset of symptoms leading to cognitive decline and inflammatory neurodegeneration.
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Metadata
Title
Dietary phytochemicals and neuro-inflammaging: from mechanistic insights to translational challenges
Authors
Sergio Davinelli
Michael Maes
Graziamaria Corbi
Armando Zarrelli
Donald Craig Willcox
Giovanni Scapagnini
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Immunity & Ageing / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1742-4933
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-016-0070-3

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