Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Parkinson's Disease | Review

TNFα inhibitors as targets for protective therapies in MSA: a viewpoint

Authors: Alain Ndayisaba, Kurt Jellinger, Thomas Berger, Gregor K. Wenning

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a unique and fatal α-synucleinopathy associated with oligodendroglial inclusions and secondary neurodegeneration affecting striatum, substantia nigra, pons, and cerebellum. The pathogenesis remains elusive; however, there is emerging evidence suggesting a prominent role of neuroinflammation. Here, we critically review the relationship between αS and microglial activation depending on its aggregation state and its role in neuroinflammation to explore the potential of TNFα inhibitors as a treatment strategy for MSA and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Literature
2.
go back to reference Krismer F, Wenning GK. Multiple system atrophy: insights into a rare and debilitating movement disorder. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017;13:232–43.PubMedCrossRef Krismer F, Wenning GK. Multiple system atrophy: insights into a rare and debilitating movement disorder. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017;13:232–43.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Jellinger KA, Wenning GK. Multiple system atrophy: pathogenic mechanisms and biomarkers. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2016;123:555–72.CrossRef Jellinger KA, Wenning GK. Multiple system atrophy: pathogenic mechanisms and biomarkers. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2016;123:555–72.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Trojanowski JQ, Revesz T. MSA NWGo: proposed neuropathological criteria for the post mortem diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2007;33:615–20.PubMedCrossRef Trojanowski JQ, Revesz T. MSA NWGo: proposed neuropathological criteria for the post mortem diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2007;33:615–20.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Wenning GK, Stefanova N, Jellinger KA, Poewe W, Schlossmacher MG. Multiple system atrophy: a primary oligodendrogliopathy. Ann Neurol. 2008;64:239–46.PubMedCrossRef Wenning GK, Stefanova N, Jellinger KA, Poewe W, Schlossmacher MG. Multiple system atrophy: a primary oligodendrogliopathy. Ann Neurol. 2008;64:239–46.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Dehay B, Vila M, Bezard E, Brundin P, Kordower JH. Alpha-synuclein propagation: new insights from animal models. Mov Disord. 2016;31:161–8.PubMedCrossRef Dehay B, Vila M, Bezard E, Brundin P, Kordower JH. Alpha-synuclein propagation: new insights from animal models. Mov Disord. 2016;31:161–8.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Prusiner SB, Woerman AL, Mordes DA, Watts JC, Rampersaud R, Berry DB, Patel S, Oehler A, Lowe JK, Kravitz SN, et al. Evidence for α-synuclein prions causing multiple system atrophy in humans with parkinsonism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:E5308–17.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Prusiner SB, Woerman AL, Mordes DA, Watts JC, Rampersaud R, Berry DB, Patel S, Oehler A, Lowe JK, Kravitz SN, et al. Evidence for α-synuclein prions causing multiple system atrophy in humans with parkinsonism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:E5308–17.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Jellinger KA. Neuropathology and pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy: an update. Curr Trends Neurol. 2015;9:45–54. Jellinger KA. Neuropathology and pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy: an update. Curr Trends Neurol. 2015;9:45–54.
11.
go back to reference Jellinger KA. Multiple system atrophy - a synucleinopathy with specific glioneuronal degeneration. Austin J Clin Neurol. 2015;2:1071. Jellinger KA. Multiple system atrophy - a synucleinopathy with specific glioneuronal degeneration. Austin J Clin Neurol. 2015;2:1071.
13.
go back to reference Alam Q, Alam MZ, Mushtaq G, Damanhouri GA, Rasool M, Kamal MA, Haque A. Inflammatory process in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases: central role of cytokines. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22:541–8.PubMedCrossRef Alam Q, Alam MZ, Mushtaq G, Damanhouri GA, Rasool M, Kamal MA, Haque A. Inflammatory process in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases: central role of cytokines. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22:541–8.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Ahmed Z, Asi YT, Sailer A, Lees AJ, Houlden H, Revesz T, Holton JL. The neuropathology, pathophysiology and genetics of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2012;38:4–24.PubMedCrossRef Ahmed Z, Asi YT, Sailer A, Lees AJ, Houlden H, Revesz T, Holton JL. The neuropathology, pathophysiology and genetics of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2012;38:4–24.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Hirsch EC, Hunot S. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: a target for neuroprotection? Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:382–97.PubMedCrossRef Hirsch EC, Hunot S. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: a target for neuroprotection? Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:382–97.PubMedCrossRef
16.
17.
go back to reference Leal MC, Casabona JC, Puntel M, Pitossi FJ. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α: reliable targets for protective therapies in Parkinson’s Disease? Front Cell Neurosci. 2013;7:53.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Leal MC, Casabona JC, Puntel M, Pitossi FJ. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α: reliable targets for protective therapies in Parkinson’s Disease? Front Cell Neurosci. 2013;7:53.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Przedborski S. Inflammation and Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis. Mov Disord. 2010;25(Suppl 1):S55–7.PubMedCrossRef Przedborski S. Inflammation and Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis. Mov Disord. 2010;25(Suppl 1):S55–7.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Mutoh T. Current understanding of immunopathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Austin J Clin Neurol. 2016;3(3):1097. Mutoh T. Current understanding of immunopathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Austin J Clin Neurol. 2016;3(3):1097.
20.
go back to reference Sanchez-Guajardo V, Tentillier N, Romero-Ramos M. The relation between α-synuclein and microglia in Parkinson’s disease: recent developments. Neuroscience. 2015;302:47–58.PubMedCrossRef Sanchez-Guajardo V, Tentillier N, Romero-Ramos M. The relation between α-synuclein and microglia in Parkinson’s disease: recent developments. Neuroscience. 2015;302:47–58.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Teismann P, Schulz JB. Cellular pathology of Parkinson’s disease: astrocytes, microglia and inflammation. Cell Tissue Res. 2004;318:149–61.PubMedCrossRef Teismann P, Schulz JB. Cellular pathology of Parkinson’s disease: astrocytes, microglia and inflammation. Cell Tissue Res. 2004;318:149–61.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Tweedie D, Sambamurti K, Greig NH. TNF-alpha inhibition as a treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disorders: new drug candidates and targets. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2007;4:378–85.PubMedCrossRef Tweedie D, Sambamurti K, Greig NH. TNF-alpha inhibition as a treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disorders: new drug candidates and targets. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2007;4:378–85.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Vieira BD, Radford RA, Chung RS, Guillemin GJ, Pountney DL. Neuroinflammation in multiple system atrophy: response to and cause of α-synuclein aggregation. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015;9:437.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Vieira BD, Radford RA, Chung RS, Guillemin GJ, Pountney DL. Neuroinflammation in multiple system atrophy: response to and cause of α-synuclein aggregation. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015;9:437.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Lee HJ, Kim C, Lee SJ. Alpha-synuclein stimulation of astrocytes: potential role for neuroinflammation and neuroprotection. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. 2010;3:283–7.CrossRef Lee HJ, Kim C, Lee SJ. Alpha-synuclein stimulation of astrocytes: potential role for neuroinflammation and neuroprotection. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. 2010;3:283–7.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Hoffmann A, Ettle B, Bruno A, Kulinich A, Hoffmann AC, von Wittgenstein J, Winkler J, Xiang W, Schlachetzki JC. Alpha-synuclein activates BV2 microglia dependent on its aggregation state. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;479:881–6.PubMedCrossRef Hoffmann A, Ettle B, Bruno A, Kulinich A, Hoffmann AC, von Wittgenstein J, Winkler J, Xiang W, Schlachetzki JC. Alpha-synuclein activates BV2 microglia dependent on its aggregation state. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;479:881–6.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Boche D, Perry VH, Nicoll JA. Review: activation patterns of microglia and their identification in the human brain. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2013;39:3–18.PubMedCrossRef Boche D, Perry VH, Nicoll JA. Review: activation patterns of microglia and their identification in the human brain. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2013;39:3–18.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Ishizawa K, Komori T, Sasaki S, Arai N, Mizutani T, Hirose T. Microglial activation parallels system degeneration in multiple system atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2004;63:43–52.PubMedCrossRef Ishizawa K, Komori T, Sasaki S, Arai N, Mizutani T, Hirose T. Microglial activation parallels system degeneration in multiple system atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2004;63:43–52.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Stefanova N, Schanda K, Klimaschewski L, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Reindl M. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death in U373 cells overexpressing alpha-synuclein. J Neurosci Res. 2003;73:334–40.PubMedCrossRef Stefanova N, Schanda K, Klimaschewski L, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Reindl M. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death in U373 cells overexpressing alpha-synuclein. J Neurosci Res. 2003;73:334–40.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Fellner L, Jellinger KA, Wenning GK, Stefanova N. Glial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of α-synucleinopathies: emerging concepts. Acta Neuropathol. 2011;121:675–93.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Fellner L, Jellinger KA, Wenning GK, Stefanova N. Glial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of α-synucleinopathies: emerging concepts. Acta Neuropathol. 2011;121:675–93.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Stefanova N, Fellner L, Reindl M, Masliah E, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Toll-like receptor 4 promotes α-synuclein clearance and survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Am J Pathol. 2011;179:954–63.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Stefanova N, Fellner L, Reindl M, Masliah E, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Toll-like receptor 4 promotes α-synuclein clearance and survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Am J Pathol. 2011;179:954–63.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Fellner L, Irschick R, Schanda K, Reindl M, Klimaschewski L, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Stefanova N. Toll-like receptor 4 is required for α-synuclein dependent activation of microglia and astroglia. Glia. 2013;61:349–60.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Fellner L, Irschick R, Schanda K, Reindl M, Klimaschewski L, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Stefanova N. Toll-like receptor 4 is required for α-synuclein dependent activation of microglia and astroglia. Glia. 2013;61:349–60.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Stefanova N, Georgievska B, Eriksson H, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Myeloperoxidase inhibition ameliorates multiple system atrophy-like degeneration in a transgenic mouse model. Neurotox Res. 2012;21:393–404.PubMedCrossRef Stefanova N, Georgievska B, Eriksson H, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Myeloperoxidase inhibition ameliorates multiple system atrophy-like degeneration in a transgenic mouse model. Neurotox Res. 2012;21:393–404.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Lieberman AP, Pitha PM, Shin HS, Shin ML. Production of tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines by astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or a neurotropic virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989;86:6348–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Lieberman AP, Pitha PM, Shin HS, Shin ML. Production of tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines by astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or a neurotropic virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989;86:6348–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Perry VH, Nicoll JA, Holmes C. Microglia in neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010;6:193–201.CrossRefPubMed Perry VH, Nicoll JA, Holmes C. Microglia in neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010;6:193–201.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Idriss HT, Naismith JH. TNF alpha and the TNF receptor superfamily: structure-function relationship(s). Microsc Res Tech. 2000;50:184–95.PubMedCrossRef Idriss HT, Naismith JH. TNF alpha and the TNF receptor superfamily: structure-function relationship(s). Microsc Res Tech. 2000;50:184–95.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference MacEwan DJ. TNF receptor subtype signalling: differences and cellular consequences. Cell Signal. 2002;14:477–92.PubMedCrossRef MacEwan DJ. TNF receptor subtype signalling: differences and cellular consequences. Cell Signal. 2002;14:477–92.PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Montgomery SL, Bowers WJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the roles it plays in homeostatic and degenerative processes within the central nervous system. J NeuroImmune Pharmacol. 2012;7:42–59.PubMedCrossRef Montgomery SL, Bowers WJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the roles it plays in homeostatic and degenerative processes within the central nervous system. J NeuroImmune Pharmacol. 2012;7:42–59.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Santello M, Volterra A. TNFα in synaptic function: switching gears. Trends Neurosci. 2012;35:638–47.PubMedCrossRef Santello M, Volterra A. TNFα in synaptic function: switching gears. Trends Neurosci. 2012;35:638–47.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Arnett HA, Mason J, Marino M, Suzuki K, Matsushima GK, Ting JP. TNF alpha promotes proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitors and remyelination. Nat Neurosci. 2001;4:1116–22.PubMedCrossRef Arnett HA, Mason J, Marino M, Suzuki K, Matsushima GK, Ting JP. TNF alpha promotes proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitors and remyelination. Nat Neurosci. 2001;4:1116–22.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Madsen PM, Motti D, Karmally S, Szymkowski DE, Lambertsen KL, Bethea JR, Brambilla R. Oligodendroglial TNFR2 mediates membrane TNF-dependent repair in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. J Neurosci. 2016;36:5128–43.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Madsen PM, Motti D, Karmally S, Szymkowski DE, Lambertsen KL, Bethea JR, Brambilla R. Oligodendroglial TNFR2 mediates membrane TNF-dependent repair in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. J Neurosci. 2016;36:5128–43.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Yang L, Lindholm K, Konishi Y, Li R, Shen Y. Target depletion of distinct tumor necrosis factor receptor subtypes reveals hippocampal neuron death and survival through different signal transduction pathways. J Neurosci. 2002;22:3025–32.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Yang L, Lindholm K, Konishi Y, Li R, Shen Y. Target depletion of distinct tumor necrosis factor receptor subtypes reveals hippocampal neuron death and survival through different signal transduction pathways. J Neurosci. 2002;22:3025–32.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
43.
go back to reference Russell AE, Doll DN, Sarkar SN, Simpkins JW. TNF-α and beyond: rapid mitochondrial dysfunction mediates TNF-α-induced neurotoxicity. J Clin Cell Immunol. 2016;7:467. Russell AE, Doll DN, Sarkar SN, Simpkins JW. TNF-α and beyond: rapid mitochondrial dysfunction mediates TNF-α-induced neurotoxicity. J Clin Cell Immunol. 2016;7:467.
44.
go back to reference Liu B, Hong JS. Role of microglia in inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and strategies for therapeutic intervention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;304:1–7.CrossRefPubMed Liu B, Hong JS. Role of microglia in inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and strategies for therapeutic intervention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;304:1–7.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Sriram K, Matheson JM, Benkovic SA, Miller DB, Luster MI, O'Callaghan JP. Mice deficient in TNF receptors are protected against dopaminergic neurotoxicity: implications for Parkinson’s disease. FASEB J. 2002;16:1474–6.PubMedCrossRef Sriram K, Matheson JM, Benkovic SA, Miller DB, Luster MI, O'Callaghan JP. Mice deficient in TNF receptors are protected against dopaminergic neurotoxicity: implications for Parkinson’s disease. FASEB J. 2002;16:1474–6.PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Smith JA, Das A, Ray SK, Banik NL. Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Bull. 2012;87:10–20.PubMedCrossRef Smith JA, Das A, Ray SK, Banik NL. Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Bull. 2012;87:10–20.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Pott Godoy MC, Tarelli R, Ferrari CC, Sarchi MI, Pitossi FJ. Central and systemic IL-1 exacerbates neurodegeneration and motor symptoms in a model of Parkinson’s disease. Brain. 2008;131:1880–94.PubMedCrossRef Pott Godoy MC, Tarelli R, Ferrari CC, Sarchi MI, Pitossi FJ. Central and systemic IL-1 exacerbates neurodegeneration and motor symptoms in a model of Parkinson’s disease. Brain. 2008;131:1880–94.PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Stefanova N, Tison F, Reindl M, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Animal models of multiple system atrophy. Trends Neurosci. 2005;28:501–6.PubMedCrossRef Stefanova N, Tison F, Reindl M, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Animal models of multiple system atrophy. Trends Neurosci. 2005;28:501–6.PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Stefanova N, Reindl M, Neumann M, Kahle PJ, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Microglial activation mediates neurodegeneration related to oligodendroglial alpha-synucleinopathy: implications for multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord. 2007;22:2196–203.PubMedCrossRef Stefanova N, Reindl M, Neumann M, Kahle PJ, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Microglial activation mediates neurodegeneration related to oligodendroglial alpha-synucleinopathy: implications for multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord. 2007;22:2196–203.PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Borrajo A, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Diaz-Ruiz C, Guerra MJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Microglial TNF-α mediates enhancement of dopaminergic degeneration by brain angiotensin. Glia. 2014;62:145–57.PubMedCrossRef Borrajo A, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Diaz-Ruiz C, Guerra MJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Microglial TNF-α mediates enhancement of dopaminergic degeneration by brain angiotensin. Glia. 2014;62:145–57.PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Ray A, Sehgal N, Karunakaran S, Rangarajan G, Ravindranath V. MPTP activates ASK1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway through TNF-dependent Trx1 oxidation in parkinsonism mouse model. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015;87:312–25.PubMedCrossRef Ray A, Sehgal N, Karunakaran S, Rangarajan G, Ravindranath V. MPTP activates ASK1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway through TNF-dependent Trx1 oxidation in parkinsonism mouse model. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015;87:312–25.PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Hunot S, Dugas N, Faucheux B, Hartmann A, Tardieu M, Debré P, Agid Y, Dugas B, Hirsch EC. FcepsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson’s disease and induces, in vitro, production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells. J Neurosci. 1999;19:3440–7.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Hunot S, Dugas N, Faucheux B, Hartmann A, Tardieu M, Debré P, Agid Y, Dugas B, Hirsch EC. FcepsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson’s disease and induces, in vitro, production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells. J Neurosci. 1999;19:3440–7.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
55.
go back to reference Kaufman E, Hall S, Surova Y, Widner H, Hansson O, Lindqvist D. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in serum of patients with multiple system atrophy. PLoS One. 2013;8:e62354.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kaufman E, Hall S, Surova Y, Widner H, Hansson O, Lindqvist D. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in serum of patients with multiple system atrophy. PLoS One. 2013;8:e62354.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Croisier E, Graeber MB. Glial degeneration and reactive gliosis in alpha-synucleinopathies: the emerging concept of primary gliodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol. 2006;112:517–30.PubMedCrossRef Croisier E, Graeber MB. Glial degeneration and reactive gliosis in alpha-synucleinopathies: the emerging concept of primary gliodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol. 2006;112:517–30.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Salvesen L, Ullerup BH, Sunay FB, Brudek T, Løkkegaard A, Agander TK, Winge K, Pakkenberg B. Changes in total cell numbers of the basal ganglia in patients with multiple system atrophy - a stereological study. Neurobiol Dis. 2015;74:104–13.PubMedCrossRef Salvesen L, Ullerup BH, Sunay FB, Brudek T, Løkkegaard A, Agander TK, Winge K, Pakkenberg B. Changes in total cell numbers of the basal ganglia in patients with multiple system atrophy - a stereological study. Neurobiol Dis. 2015;74:104–13.PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Nagatsu T, Sawada M. Inflammatory process in Parkinson’s disease: role for cytokines. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11:999–1016.PubMedCrossRef Nagatsu T, Sawada M. Inflammatory process in Parkinson’s disease: role for cytokines. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11:999–1016.PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Hébert G, Arsaut J, Dantzer R, Demotes-Mainard J. Time-course of the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in the striatum and mesencephalon of mice injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a dopaminergic neurotoxin. Neurosci Lett. 2003;349:191–5.PubMedCrossRef Hébert G, Arsaut J, Dantzer R, Demotes-Mainard J. Time-course of the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in the striatum and mesencephalon of mice injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a dopaminergic neurotoxin. Neurosci Lett. 2003;349:191–5.PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Ciesielska A, Joniec I, Przybyłkowski A, Gromadzka G, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Członkowska A, Członkowski A. Dynamics of expression of the mRNA for cytokines and inducible nitric synthase in a murine model of the Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2003;63:117–26. Ciesielska A, Joniec I, Przybyłkowski A, Gromadzka G, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Członkowska A, Członkowski A. Dynamics of expression of the mRNA for cytokines and inducible nitric synthase in a murine model of the Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2003;63:117–26.
62.
go back to reference Mladenović A, Perović M, Raicević N, Kanazir S, Rakić L, Ruzdijić S. 6-Hydroxydopamine increases the level of TNFalpha and bax mRNA in the striatum and induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian rats. Brain Res. 2004;996:237–45.PubMedCrossRef Mladenović A, Perović M, Raicević N, Kanazir S, Rakić L, Ruzdijić S. 6-Hydroxydopamine increases the level of TNFalpha and bax mRNA in the striatum and induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian rats. Brain Res. 2004;996:237–45.PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference McGuire SO, Ling ZD, Lipton JW, Sortwell CE, Collier TJ, Carvey PM. Tumor necrosis factor alpha is toxic to embryonic mesencephalic dopamine neurons. Exp Neurol. 2001;169:219–30.PubMedCrossRef McGuire SO, Ling ZD, Lipton JW, Sortwell CE, Collier TJ, Carvey PM. Tumor necrosis factor alpha is toxic to embryonic mesencephalic dopamine neurons. Exp Neurol. 2001;169:219–30.PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Leng A, Mura A, Feldon J, Ferger B. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor ablation in a chronic MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett. 2005;375:107–11.PubMedCrossRef Leng A, Mura A, Feldon J, Ferger B. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor ablation in a chronic MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett. 2005;375:107–11.PubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Carvey PM, Chen EY, Lipton JW, Tong CW, Chang QA, Ling ZD. Intra-parenchymal injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1-beta produces dopamine neuron loss in the rat. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2005;112:601–12.CrossRef Carvey PM, Chen EY, Lipton JW, Tong CW, Chang QA, Ling ZD. Intra-parenchymal injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1-beta produces dopamine neuron loss in the rat. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2005;112:601–12.CrossRef
66.
go back to reference Nishimura M, Kuno S, Kaji R, Kawakami H. Influence of a tumor necrosis factor gene polymorphism in Japanese patients with multiple system atrophy. Neurosci Lett. 2005;374:218–21.PubMedCrossRef Nishimura M, Kuno S, Kaji R, Kawakami H. Influence of a tumor necrosis factor gene polymorphism in Japanese patients with multiple system atrophy. Neurosci Lett. 2005;374:218–21.PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Zhou X, Wang C, Chen Z, Peng Y, Peng H, Hou X, Ye W, Qiu R, Xia K, Tang B, Jiang H. Association of TNF-α rs1799964 and IL-1β rs16944 polymorphisms with multiple system atrophy in Chinese Han population. Int J Neurosci. 2018;128:761–4.PubMedCrossRef Zhou X, Wang C, Chen Z, Peng Y, Peng H, Hou X, Ye W, Qiu R, Xia K, Tang B, Jiang H. Association of TNF-α rs1799964 and IL-1β rs16944 polymorphisms with multiple system atrophy in Chinese Han population. Int J Neurosci. 2018;128:761–4.PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Infante J, Llorca J, Berciano J, Combarros O. Interleukin-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms and the risk for multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci. 2005;228:11–3.PubMedCrossRef Infante J, Llorca J, Berciano J, Combarros O. Interleukin-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms and the risk for multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci. 2005;228:11–3.PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Boireau A, Bordier F, Dubédat P, Pény C, Impérato A. Thalidomide reduces MPTP-induced decrease in striatal dopamine levels in mice. Neurosci Lett. 1997;234:123–6.PubMedCrossRef Boireau A, Bordier F, Dubédat P, Pény C, Impérato A. Thalidomide reduces MPTP-induced decrease in striatal dopamine levels in mice. Neurosci Lett. 1997;234:123–6.PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Ferger B, Leng A, Mura A, Hengerer B, Feldon J. Genetic ablation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and pharmacological inhibition of TNF-synthesis attenuates MPTP toxicity in mouse striatum. J Neurochem. 2004;89:822–33.PubMedCrossRef Ferger B, Leng A, Mura A, Hengerer B, Feldon J. Genetic ablation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and pharmacological inhibition of TNF-synthesis attenuates MPTP toxicity in mouse striatum. J Neurochem. 2004;89:822–33.PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Chertoff M, Di Paolo N, Schoeneberg A, Depino A, Ferrari C, Wurst W, Pfizenmaier K, Eisel U, Pitossi F. Neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects of the chronic expression of tumor necrosis factor α in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic circuit of adult mice. Exp Neurol. 2011;227:237–51.PubMedCrossRef Chertoff M, Di Paolo N, Schoeneberg A, Depino A, Ferrari C, Wurst W, Pfizenmaier K, Eisel U, Pitossi F. Neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects of the chronic expression of tumor necrosis factor α in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic circuit of adult mice. Exp Neurol. 2011;227:237–51.PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Probst-Cousin S, Rickert CH, Schmid KW, Gullotta F. Cell death mechanisms in multiple system atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1998;57:814–21.PubMedCrossRef Probst-Cousin S, Rickert CH, Schmid KW, Gullotta F. Cell death mechanisms in multiple system atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1998;57:814–21.PubMedCrossRef
73.
go back to reference Csencsits-Smith K, Suescun J, Li K, Luo S, Bick DL, Schiess M. Serum lymphocyte-associated cytokine concentrations change more rapidly over time in multiple system atrophy compared to Parkinson disease. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2016;23:301–8.PubMedCrossRef Csencsits-Smith K, Suescun J, Li K, Luo S, Bick DL, Schiess M. Serum lymphocyte-associated cytokine concentrations change more rapidly over time in multiple system atrophy compared to Parkinson disease. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2016;23:301–8.PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Valera E, Monzio Compagnoni G, Masliah E. Review: novel treatment strategies targeting alpha-synuclein in multiple system atrophy as a model of synucleinopathy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2016;42:95–106.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Valera E, Monzio Compagnoni G, Masliah E. Review: novel treatment strategies targeting alpha-synuclein in multiple system atrophy as a model of synucleinopathy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2016;42:95–106.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
75.
go back to reference Valera E, Spencer B, Fields JA, Trinh I, Adame A, Mante M, Rockenstein E, Desplats P, Masliah E. Combination of alpha-synuclein immunotherapy with anti-inflammatory treatment in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2017;5:2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Valera E, Spencer B, Fields JA, Trinh I, Adame A, Mante M, Rockenstein E, Desplats P, Masliah E. Combination of alpha-synuclein immunotherapy with anti-inflammatory treatment in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2017;5:2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
76.
go back to reference Mandler M, Valera E, Rockenstein E, Mante M, Weninger H, Patrick C, Adame A, Schmidhuber S, Santic R, Schneeberger A, et al. Active immunization against alpha-synuclein ameliorates the degenerative pathology and prevents demyelination in a model of multiple system atrophy. Mol Neurodegener. 2015;10:10.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mandler M, Valera E, Rockenstein E, Mante M, Weninger H, Patrick C, Adame A, Schmidhuber S, Santic R, Schneeberger A, et al. Active immunization against alpha-synuclein ameliorates the degenerative pathology and prevents demyelination in a model of multiple system atrophy. Mol Neurodegener. 2015;10:10.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
77.
go back to reference Thakur P, Nehru B. Inhibition of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions by carbenoxolone in the rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;51:209–19.PubMedCrossRef Thakur P, Nehru B. Inhibition of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions by carbenoxolone in the rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;51:209–19.PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Taussig HB. A study of the German outbreak of phocomelia. The thalidomide syndrome. JAMA. 1962;180:1106–14.PubMedCrossRef Taussig HB. A study of the German outbreak of phocomelia. The thalidomide syndrome. JAMA. 1962;180:1106–14.PubMedCrossRef
80.
go back to reference Moreira AL, Sampaio EP, Zmuidzinas A, Frindt P, Smith KA, Kaplan G. Thalidomide exerts its inhibitory action on tumor necrosis factor alpha by enhancing mRNA degradation. J Exp Med. 1993;177:1675–80.PubMedCrossRef Moreira AL, Sampaio EP, Zmuidzinas A, Frindt P, Smith KA, Kaplan G. Thalidomide exerts its inhibitory action on tumor necrosis factor alpha by enhancing mRNA degradation. J Exp Med. 1993;177:1675–80.PubMedCrossRef
81.
go back to reference Niwayama S, Turk BE, Liu JO. Potent inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by tetrafluorothalidomide and tetrafluorophthalimides. J Med Chem. 1996;39:3044–5.PubMedCrossRef Niwayama S, Turk BE, Liu JO. Potent inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by tetrafluorothalidomide and tetrafluorophthalimides. J Med Chem. 1996;39:3044–5.PubMedCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Marriott JB, Clarke IA, Dredge K, Muller G, Stirling D, Dalgleish AG. Thalidomide and its analogues have distinct and opposing effects on TNF-alpha and TNFR2 during co-stimulation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;130:75–84.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Marriott JB, Clarke IA, Dredge K, Muller G, Stirling D, Dalgleish AG. Thalidomide and its analogues have distinct and opposing effects on TNF-alpha and TNFR2 during co-stimulation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;130:75–84.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Wang Y, Xu J, Zhang X, Wang C, Huang Y, Dai K. TNF-α-induced LRG1 promotes angiogenesis and mesenchymal stem cell migration in the subchondral bone during osteoarthritis. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8:e2715.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Wang Y, Xu J, Zhang X, Wang C, Huang Y, Dai K. TNF-α-induced LRG1 promotes angiogenesis and mesenchymal stem cell migration in the subchondral bone during osteoarthritis. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8:e2715.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
85.
go back to reference Moss ML, Sklair-Tavron L, Nudelman R. Drug insight: tumor necrosis factor-converting enzyme as a pharmaceutical target for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2008;4:300–9.PubMedCrossRef Moss ML, Sklair-Tavron L, Nudelman R. Drug insight: tumor necrosis factor-converting enzyme as a pharmaceutical target for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2008;4:300–9.PubMedCrossRef
86.
go back to reference Muller GW, Corral LG, Shire MG, Wang H, Moreira A, Kaplan G, Stirling DI. Structural modifications of thalidomide produce analogs with enhanced tumor necrosis factor inhibitory activity. J Med Chem. 1996;39:3238–40.PubMedCrossRef Muller GW, Corral LG, Shire MG, Wang H, Moreira A, Kaplan G, Stirling DI. Structural modifications of thalidomide produce analogs with enhanced tumor necrosis factor inhibitory activity. J Med Chem. 1996;39:3238–40.PubMedCrossRef
87.
go back to reference Muller GW, Chen R, Huang SY, Corral LG, Wong LM, Patterson RT, Chen Y, Kaplan G, Stirling DI. Amino-substituted thalidomide analogs: potent inhibitors of TNF-alpha production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999;9:1625–30.PubMedCrossRef Muller GW, Chen R, Huang SY, Corral LG, Wong LM, Patterson RT, Chen Y, Kaplan G, Stirling DI. Amino-substituted thalidomide analogs: potent inhibitors of TNF-alpha production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999;9:1625–30.PubMedCrossRef
88.
go back to reference Teubert U, Zwingenberger K, Wnendt S, Eger K. 5′-substituted thalidomide analogs as modulators of TNF-alpha. Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 1998;331:7–12.CrossRef Teubert U, Zwingenberger K, Wnendt S, Eger K. 5′-substituted thalidomide analogs as modulators of TNF-alpha. Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 1998;331:7–12.CrossRef
89.
go back to reference Hashimoto Y. Structural development of biological response modifiers based on thalidomide. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002;10:461–79.PubMedCrossRef Hashimoto Y. Structural development of biological response modifiers based on thalidomide. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002;10:461–79.PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Stemberger S, Jamnig A, Stefanova N, Lepperdinger G, Reindl M, Wenning GK. Mesenchymal stem cells in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy: immunomodulation and neuroprotection. PLoS One. 2011;6:e19808.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Stemberger S, Jamnig A, Stefanova N, Lepperdinger G, Reindl M, Wenning GK. Mesenchymal stem cells in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy: immunomodulation and neuroprotection. PLoS One. 2011;6:e19808.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
91.
go back to reference Martiniani R, Di Loreto V, Di Sano C, Lombardo A, Liberati AM. Biological activity of lenalidomide and its underlying therapeutic effects in multiple myeloma. Adv Hematol. 2012;2012:842945.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Martiniani R, Di Loreto V, Di Sano C, Lombardo A, Liberati AM. Biological activity of lenalidomide and its underlying therapeutic effects in multiple myeloma. Adv Hematol. 2012;2012:842945.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
93.
go back to reference Galustian C, Meyer B, Labarthe MC, Dredge K, Klaschka D, Henry J, Todryk S, Chen R, Muller G, Stirling D, et al. The anti-cancer agents lenalidomide and pomalidomide inhibit the proliferation and function of T regulatory cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2009;58:1033–45.PubMedCrossRef Galustian C, Meyer B, Labarthe MC, Dredge K, Klaschka D, Henry J, Todryk S, Chen R, Muller G, Stirling D, et al. The anti-cancer agents lenalidomide and pomalidomide inhibit the proliferation and function of T regulatory cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2009;58:1033–45.PubMedCrossRef
94.
go back to reference Zhu YX, Kortuem KM, Stewart AK. Molecular mechanism of action of immune-modulatory drugs thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide in multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2013;54:683–7.PubMedCrossRef Zhu YX, Kortuem KM, Stewart AK. Molecular mechanism of action of immune-modulatory drugs thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide in multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2013;54:683–7.PubMedCrossRef
95.
go back to reference Subedi L, Venkatesan R, Kim SY. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of allyl isothiocyanate through attenuation of JNK/NF-κB/TNF-α signaling. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18:1423. Subedi L, Venkatesan R, Kim SY. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of allyl isothiocyanate through attenuation of JNK/NF-κB/TNF-α signaling. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18:1423.
96.
go back to reference Rockenstein E, Ostroff G, Dikengil F, Rus F, Mante M, Florio J, Adame A, Trinh I, Kim C, Overk C, et al. Combined active humoral and cellular immunization approaches for the treatment of synucleinopathies. J Neurosci. 2018;38:1000–14.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Rockenstein E, Ostroff G, Dikengil F, Rus F, Mante M, Florio J, Adame A, Trinh I, Kim C, Overk C, et al. Combined active humoral and cellular immunization approaches for the treatment of synucleinopathies. J Neurosci. 2018;38:1000–14.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadata
Title
TNFα inhibitors as targets for protective therapies in MSA: a viewpoint
Authors
Alain Ndayisaba
Kurt Jellinger
Thomas Berger
Gregor K. Wenning
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1477-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2019 Go to the issue