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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Brain pericytes serve as microglia-generating multipotent vascular stem cells following ischemic stroke

Authors: Rika Sakuma, Maiko Kawahara, Akiko Nakano-Doi, Ai Takahashi, Yasue Tanaka, Aya Narita, Sachi Kuwahara-Otani, Tetsu Hayakawa, Hideshi Yagi, Tomohiro Matsuyama, Takayuki Nakagomi

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Microglia are the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system (CNS) and play essential roles, particularly in inflammation-mediated pathological conditions such as ischemic stroke. Increasing evidence shows that the population of vascular cells located around the blood vessels, rather than circulating cells, harbor stem cells and that these resident vascular stem cells (VSCs) are the likely source of some microglia. However, the precise traits and origins of these cells under pathological CNS conditions remain unclear.

Methods

In this study, we used a mouse model of cerebral infarction to investigate whether reactive pericytes (PCs) acquire microglia-producing VSC activity following ischemia.

Results

We demonstrated the localization of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1)-expressing microglia to perivascular regions within ischemic areas. These cells expressed platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ), a hallmark of vascular PCs. PDGFRβ+ PCs isolated from ischemic, but not non-ischemic, areas expressed stem/undifferentiated cell markers and subsequently differentiated into various cell types, including microglia-like cells with phagocytic capacity.

Conclusions

The study results suggest that vascular PCs acquire multipotent VSC activity under pathological conditions and may thus be a novel source of microglia.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Brain pericytes serve as microglia-generating multipotent vascular stem cells following ischemic stroke
Authors
Rika Sakuma
Maiko Kawahara
Akiko Nakano-Doi
Ai Takahashi
Yasue Tanaka
Aya Narita
Sachi Kuwahara-Otani
Tetsu Hayakawa
Hideshi Yagi
Tomohiro Matsuyama
Takayuki Nakagomi
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-016-0523-9

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