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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Coronavirus | Research

The effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on clinical and biochemical parameters of critically ill patients with COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial

Authors: Saeid Doaei, Somayeh Gholami, Samira Rastgoo, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Fatemeh Bourbour, Seyedeh Elaheh Bagheri, Forough Samipoor, Mohammad Esmail Akbari, Mahdi Shadnoush, Fereshteh Ghorat, Seyed Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi, Narjes Ashouri Mirsadeghi, Azadeh Hajipour, Parvin Joola, Alireza Moslem, Mark O. Goodarzi

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFAs) may exert beneficial effects on the immune system of patients with viral infections. This paper aimed to examine the effect of n3-PUFA supplementation on inflammatory and biochemical markers in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Methods

A double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 128 critically ill patients infected with COVID-19 who were randomly assigned to the intervention (fortified formula with n3-PUFA) (n = 42) and control (n = 86) groups. Data on 1 month survival rate, blood glucose, sodium (Na), potassium (K), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), albumin, hematocrit (HCT), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), mean arterial pressure (MAP), O₂ saturation (O₂sat), arterial pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO₂), bicarbonate (HCO₃), base excess (Be), white blood cells (WBCs), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (Plt), and the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were collected at baseline and after 14 days of the intervention.

Results

The intervention group had significantly higher 1-month survival rate and higher levels of arterial pH, HCO₃, and Be and lower levels of BUN, Cr, and K compared with the control group after intervention (all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between blood glucose, Na, HCT, Ca, P, MAP, O2sat, PO₂, PCO₂, WBCs, GCS, Hb, Plt, PTT, and albumin between two groups.

Conclusion

Omega-3 supplementation improved the levels of several parameters of respiratory and renal function in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Further clinical studies are warranted.

Trial registry

Name of the registry: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT); Trial registration number: IRCT20151226025699N3; Date of registration: 2020.5.20; URL of trial registry record: https://en.irct.ir/trial/48213

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Title: The effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on clinical and biochemical parameters of critically ill patients with COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Saeid Doaei
Somayeh Gholami
Samira Rastgoo
Maryam Gholamalizadeh
Fatemeh Bourbour
Seyedeh Elaheh Bagheri
Forough Samipoor
Mohammad Esmail Akbari
Mahdi Shadnoush
Fereshteh Ghorat
Seyed Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi
Narjes Ashouri Mirsadeghi
Azadeh Hajipour
Parvin Joola
Alireza Moslem
Mark O. Goodarzi
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Coronavirus
COVID-19
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02795-5

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Conclusion

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