Skip to main content
Top
Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research

Surgical experience of adult primary hepatic sarcomas

Authors: Yu-Hung Lin, Chih-Che Lin, Allan M Concejero, Chee-Chien Yong, Fang-Ying Kuo, Chih-Chi Wang

Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Primary hepatic sarcoma (PHS) is a rare primary liver malignancy. The histological types of PHS are diverse, and the clinical outcomes and management mainly depend on the histopathology. This study aims to evaluate the results of surgical intervention.

Methods

Between January 2003 and June 2009, 13 adult patients with pathologically proven PHS were identified by record review. The patients’ demographic profile, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. The end of follow-up was December 2014.

Results

Nine (69%) underwent curative liver resection and two underwent liver transplantation; the others received non-operative treatments. The pathologic findings were six (46%) angiosarcomas, four (30.7%) undifferentiated sarcomas, one (7.6%) leiomyosarcoma, one (7.6%) malignant mesenchymoma, and one (7.6%) hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The median follow-up was 31.4 (2.8 ~ 142.5) months. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival of surgical patients were 72.7%, 63.6%, and 36.4%, respectively. Importantly, the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of non-angiosarcoma patients were superior to those of angiosarcoma (85.7% vs. 33.3%, 71.4% vs. 16.7%, and 57.1% vs. 0%, respectively, P = 0.023).

Conclusions

Surgical intervention provides the possibility of long-term survival from PHS. Angiosarcoma is associated with a more dismal outcome than non-angiosarcoma.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Weitz J, Klimstra DS, Cymes K, Jarnagin WR, D’Angelica M, La Quaglia MP, et al. Management of primary liver sarcomas. Cancer. 2007;109(7):1391–6.CrossRefPubMed Weitz J, Klimstra DS, Cymes K, Jarnagin WR, D’Angelica M, La Quaglia MP, et al. Management of primary liver sarcomas. Cancer. 2007;109(7):1391–6.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. Primary liver cancer in Japan. Clinicopathologic features and results of surgical treatment. Ann Surg. 1990;211(3):277–87. Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. Primary liver cancer in Japan. Clinicopathologic features and results of surgical treatment. Ann Surg. 1990;211(3):277–87.
3.
go back to reference Molina E, Hernandez A. Clinical manifestations of primary hepatic angiosarcoma. Dig Dis Sci. 2003;48(4):677–82.CrossRefPubMed Molina E, Hernandez A. Clinical manifestations of primary hepatic angiosarcoma. Dig Dis Sci. 2003;48(4):677–82.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Chang WW, Agha FP, Morgan WS. Primary sarcoma of the liver in the adult. Cancer. 1983;51(8):1510–7.CrossRefPubMed Chang WW, Agha FP, Morgan WS. Primary sarcoma of the liver in the adult. Cancer. 1983;51(8):1510–7.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Matthaei H, Krieg A, Schmelzle M, Boelke E, Poremba C, Rogiers X, et al. Long-term survival after surgery for primary hepatic sarcoma in adults. Arch Surg. 2009;144(4):339–44. discussion 44.CrossRefPubMed Matthaei H, Krieg A, Schmelzle M, Boelke E, Poremba C, Rogiers X, et al. Long-term survival after surgery for primary hepatic sarcoma in adults. Arch Surg. 2009;144(4):339–44. discussion 44.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Poggio JL, Nagorney DM, Nascimento AG, Rowland C, Kay P, Young RM, et al. Surgical treatment of adult primary hepatic sarcoma. Br J Surg. 2000;87(11):1500–5.CrossRefPubMed Poggio JL, Nagorney DM, Nascimento AG, Rowland C, Kay P, Young RM, et al. Surgical treatment of adult primary hepatic sarcoma. Br J Surg. 2000;87(11):1500–5.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Almogy G, Lieberman S, Gips M, Pappo O, Edden Y, Jurim O, et al. Clinical outcomes of surgical resections for primary liver sarcoma in adults: results from a single centre. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2004;30(4):421–7.CrossRefPubMed Almogy G, Lieberman S, Gips M, Pappo O, Edden Y, Jurim O, et al. Clinical outcomes of surgical resections for primary liver sarcoma in adults: results from a single centre. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2004;30(4):421–7.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Walker NI, Horn MJ, Strong RW, Lynch SV, Cohen J, Ong TH, et al. Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver. Pathologic findings and long-term survival after complete surgical resection. Cancer. 1992;69(1):52–9.CrossRefPubMed Walker NI, Horn MJ, Strong RW, Lynch SV, Cohen J, Ong TH, et al. Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver. Pathologic findings and long-term survival after complete surgical resection. Cancer. 1992;69(1):52–9.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Wang CC, Iyer SG, Low JK, Lin CY, Wang SH, Lu SN, et al. Perioperative factors affecting long-term outcomes of 473 consecutive patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(7):1832–42.CrossRefPubMed Wang CC, Iyer SG, Low JK, Lin CY, Wang SH, Lu SN, et al. Perioperative factors affecting long-term outcomes of 473 consecutive patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(7):1832–42.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Wang CC, Yap AQ, Chen CL, Concejero AM, Lin YH. Comparison of major hepatectomy performed under intermittent Pringle maneuver versus continuous Pringle maneuver coupled with in situ hypothermic perfusion. World J Surg. 2011;35(4):842–9.CrossRefPubMed Wang CC, Yap AQ, Chen CL, Concejero AM, Lin YH. Comparison of major hepatectomy performed under intermittent Pringle maneuver versus continuous Pringle maneuver coupled with in situ hypothermic perfusion. World J Surg. 2011;35(4):842–9.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Lin CC, Chen CL, Cheng YF, Chiu KW, Jawan B, Hsaio CC. Major hepatectomy in children: approaching blood transfusion-free. World J Surg. 2006;30(6):1115–9.CrossRefPubMed Lin CC, Chen CL, Cheng YF, Chiu KW, Jawan B, Hsaio CC. Major hepatectomy in children: approaching blood transfusion-free. World J Surg. 2006;30(6):1115–9.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Chen CL, Fan ST, Lee SG, Makuuchi M, Tanaka K. Living-donor liver transplantation: 12 years of experience in Asia. Transplantation. 2003;75(3 Suppl):S6–11.CrossRefPubMed Chen CL, Fan ST, Lee SG, Makuuchi M, Tanaka K. Living-donor liver transplantation: 12 years of experience in Asia. Transplantation. 2003;75(3 Suppl):S6–11.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Makuuchi M, Sano K. The surgical approach to HCC: our progress and results in Japan. Liver Transpl. 2004;10(2 Suppl 1):S46–52.CrossRefPubMed Makuuchi M, Sano K. The surgical approach to HCC: our progress and results in Japan. Liver Transpl. 2004;10(2 Suppl 1):S46–52.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Yong CC, Chen YS, Wang SH, Lin CC, Liu PP, Liu YW, et al. Deceased-donor liver transplantation: 10 years’ experience at Change Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center. Chang Gung Med J. 2005;28(3):133–41.PubMed Yong CC, Chen YS, Wang SH, Lin CC, Liu PP, Liu YW, et al. Deceased-donor liver transplantation: 10 years’ experience at Change Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center. Chang Gung Med J. 2005;28(3):133–41.PubMed
16.
go back to reference de Villa VH, Chen CL, Chen YS, Wang CC, Lin CC, Cheng YF, et al. Right lobe living donor liver transplantation—addressing the middle hepatic vein controversy. Ann Surg. 2003;238(2):275–82.PubMedCentralPubMed de Villa VH, Chen CL, Chen YS, Wang CC, Lin CC, Cheng YF, et al. Right lobe living donor liver transplantation—addressing the middle hepatic vein controversy. Ann Surg. 2003;238(2):275–82.PubMedCentralPubMed
17.
go back to reference Chen CL, Chen YS, de Villa VH, Wang CC, Lin CL, Goto S, et al. Minimal blood loss living donor hepatectomy. Transplantation. 2000;69(12):2580–6.CrossRefPubMed Chen CL, Chen YS, de Villa VH, Wang CC, Lin CL, Goto S, et al. Minimal blood loss living donor hepatectomy. Transplantation. 2000;69(12):2580–6.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Neoptolemos JP, Stocken DD, Dunn JA, Almond J, Beger HG, Pederzoli P, et al. Influence of resection margins on survival for patients with pancreatic cancer treated by adjuvant chemoradiation and/or chemotherapy in the ESPAC-1 randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2001;234(6):758–68.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Neoptolemos JP, Stocken DD, Dunn JA, Almond J, Beger HG, Pederzoli P, et al. Influence of resection margins on survival for patients with pancreatic cancer treated by adjuvant chemoradiation and/or chemotherapy in the ESPAC-1 randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2001;234(6):758–68.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
19.
go back to reference Kim HR, Rha SY, Cheon SH, Roh JK, Park YN, Yoo NC. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of advanced stage primary hepatic angiosarcoma. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(4):780–7.CrossRefPubMed Kim HR, Rha SY, Cheon SH, Roh JK, Park YN, Yoo NC. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of advanced stage primary hepatic angiosarcoma. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(4):780–7.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Timaran CH, Grandas OH, Bell JL. Hepatic angiosarcoma: long-term survival after complete surgical removal. Am Surg. 2000;66(12):1153–7.PubMed Timaran CH, Grandas OH, Bell JL. Hepatic angiosarcoma: long-term survival after complete surgical removal. Am Surg. 2000;66(12):1153–7.PubMed
21.
go back to reference Arima-Iwasa S, Chijiiwa K, Makino I, Tanabe R, Ohuchida J, Kondo K. A case of hepatic angiosarcoma surviving for more than 16 months after hepatic resection. Hepatogastroenterology. 2007;54(74):533–5.PubMed Arima-Iwasa S, Chijiiwa K, Makino I, Tanabe R, Ohuchida J, Kondo K. A case of hepatic angiosarcoma surviving for more than 16 months after hepatic resection. Hepatogastroenterology. 2007;54(74):533–5.PubMed
22.
go back to reference Yu RS, Chen Y, Jiang B, Wang LH, Xu XF. Primary hepatic sarcomas: CT findings. Eur Radiol. 2008;18(10):2196–205.CrossRefPubMed Yu RS, Chen Y, Jiang B, Wang LH, Xu XF. Primary hepatic sarcomas: CT findings. Eur Radiol. 2008;18(10):2196–205.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Koyama T, Fletcher JG, Johnson CD, Kuo MS, Notohara K, Burgart LJ. Primary hepatic angiosarcoma: findings at CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 2002;222(3):667–73.CrossRefPubMed Koyama T, Fletcher JG, Johnson CD, Kuo MS, Notohara K, Burgart LJ. Primary hepatic angiosarcoma: findings at CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 2002;222(3):667–73.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Ikeda K, Maehara M, Ohmura N, Kurokawa H, Koda K, Yokoyama H, et al. Spontaneous rupture of a necrotic hepatic angiosarcoma: findings on dual-phase computed tomography and angiography. Radiat Med. 2006;24(5):369–72.CrossRefPubMed Ikeda K, Maehara M, Ohmura N, Kurokawa H, Koda K, Yokoyama H, et al. Spontaneous rupture of a necrotic hepatic angiosarcoma: findings on dual-phase computed tomography and angiography. Radiat Med. 2006;24(5):369–72.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Kojiro M, Nakashima T, Ito Y, Ikezaki H, Mori T, Kido C. Thorium dioxide-related angiosarcoma of the liver. Pathomorphologic study of 29 autopsy cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1985;109(9):853–7.PubMed Kojiro M, Nakashima T, Ito Y, Ikezaki H, Mori T, Kido C. Thorium dioxide-related angiosarcoma of the liver. Pathomorphologic study of 29 autopsy cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1985;109(9):853–7.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Nelson V, Fernandes NF, Woolf GM, Geller SA, Petrovic LM. Primary liposarcoma of the liver: a case report and review of literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125(3):410–2.PubMed Nelson V, Fernandes NF, Woolf GM, Geller SA, Petrovic LM. Primary liposarcoma of the liver: a case report and review of literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125(3):410–2.PubMed
27.
go back to reference Peterson MS, Baron RL, Rankin SC. Hepatic angiosarcoma: findings on multiphasic contrast-enhanced helical CT do not mimic hepatic hemangioma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;175(1):165–70.CrossRefPubMed Peterson MS, Baron RL, Rankin SC. Hepatic angiosarcoma: findings on multiphasic contrast-enhanced helical CT do not mimic hepatic hemangioma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;175(1):165–70.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Lyburn ID, Torreggiani WC, Harris AC, Zwirewich CV, Buckley AR, Davis JE, et al. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: sonographic, CT, and MR imaging appearances. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180(5):1359–64.CrossRefPubMed Lyburn ID, Torreggiani WC, Harris AC, Zwirewich CV, Buckley AR, Davis JE, et al. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: sonographic, CT, and MR imaging appearances. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180(5):1359–64.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Radin DR, Craig JR, Colletti PM, Ralls PW, Halls JM. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Radiology. 1988;169(1):145–8.CrossRefPubMed Radin DR, Craig JR, Colletti PM, Ralls PW, Halls JM. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Radiology. 1988;169(1):145–8.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Ferrozzi F, Bova D, Zangrandi A, Garlaschi G. Primary liver leiomyosarcoma: CT appearance. Abdom Imaging. 1996;21(2):157–60.CrossRefPubMed Ferrozzi F, Bova D, Zangrandi A, Garlaschi G. Primary liver leiomyosarcoma: CT appearance. Abdom Imaging. 1996;21(2):157–60.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Buetow PC, Buck JL, Pantongrag-Brown L, Marshall WH, Ros PR, Levine MS, et al. Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: pathologic basis of imaging findings in 28 cases. Radiology. 1997;203(3):779–83.CrossRefPubMed Buetow PC, Buck JL, Pantongrag-Brown L, Marshall WH, Ros PR, Levine MS, et al. Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: pathologic basis of imaging findings in 28 cases. Radiology. 1997;203(3):779–83.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Yoon W, Kim JK, Kang HK. Hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma: MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1997;21(1):100–2.CrossRefPubMed Yoon W, Kim JK, Kang HK. Hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma: MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1997;21(1):100–2.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Shivathirthan N, Kita J, Iso Y, Hachiya H, Kyunghwa P, Sawada T, et al. Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma: case report and literature review. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2011;3(10):148–52.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Shivathirthan N, Kita J, Iso Y, Hachiya H, Kyunghwa P, Sawada T, et al. Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma: case report and literature review. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2011;3(10):148–52.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
34.
go back to reference Sakellaridis T, Panagiotou I, Georgantas T, Micros G, Rontogianni D, Antiochos C. Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver mimicking acute appendicitis. Case report and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2006;4:9.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Sakellaridis T, Panagiotou I, Georgantas T, Micros G, Rontogianni D, Antiochos C. Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver mimicking acute appendicitis. Case report and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2006;4:9.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
35.
go back to reference Husted TL, Neff G, Thomas MJ, Gross TG, Woodle ES, Buell JF. Liver transplantation for primary or metastatic sarcoma to the liver. Am J Transplant. 2006;6(2):392–7.CrossRefPubMed Husted TL, Neff G, Thomas MJ, Gross TG, Woodle ES, Buell JF. Liver transplantation for primary or metastatic sarcoma to the liver. Am J Transplant. 2006;6(2):392–7.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Gores GJ, Heimbach JK, Rosen CB. Liver transplantation for non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignancies. Liver Transplant. 2010;16(S2):S22–5.CrossRef Gores GJ, Heimbach JK, Rosen CB. Liver transplantation for non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignancies. Liver Transplant. 2010;16(S2):S22–5.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Surgical experience of adult primary hepatic sarcomas
Authors
Yu-Hung Lin
Chih-Che Lin
Allan M Concejero
Chee-Chien Yong
Fang-Ying Kuo
Chih-Chi Wang
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
World Journal of Surgical Oncology / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-015-0489-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

World Journal of Surgical Oncology 1/2015 Go to the issue