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Malaria Journal
Published in: Malaria Journal 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Limited genetic diversity in the PvK12 Kelch protein in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Southeast Asia

Authors: Meilian Wang, Faiza Amber Siddiqui, Qi Fan, Enjie Luo, Yaming Cao, Liwang Cui

Published in: Malaria Journal | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has emerged as a major threat for malaria control and elimination worldwide. Mutations in the Kelch propeller domain of PfK13 are the only known molecular markers for artemisinin resistance in this parasite. Over 100 non-synonymous mutations have been identified in PfK13 from various malaria endemic regions. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of PvK12, the Plasmodium vivax ortholog of PfK13, in parasite populations from Southeast Asia, where artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum has emerged.

Methods

The PvK12 sequences in 120 P. vivax isolates collected from Thailand (22), Myanmar (32) and China (66) between 2004 and 2008 were obtained and 353 PvK12 sequences from worldwide populations were retrieved for further analysis.

Results

These PvK12 sequences revealed a very low level of genetic diversity (π = 0.00003) with only three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Of these three SNPs, only G581R is nonsynonymous. The synonymous mutation S88S is present in 3% (1/32) of the Myanmar samples, while G704G and G581R are present in 1.5% (1/66) and 3% (2/66) of the samples from China, respectively. None of the mutations observed in the P. vivax samples were associated with artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum. Furthermore, analysis of 473 PvK12 sequences from twelve worldwide P. vivax populations confirmed the very limited polymorphism in this gene and detected only five distinct haplotypes.

Conclusions

The PvK12 sequences from global P. vivax populations displayed very limited genetic diversity indicating low levels of baseline polymorphisms of PvK12 in these areas.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Limited genetic diversity in the PvK12 Kelch protein in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Southeast Asia
Authors
Meilian Wang
Faiza Amber Siddiqui
Qi Fan
Enjie Luo
Yaming Cao
Liwang Cui
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Malaria Journal / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2875
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1583-0

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