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Cancer Cell International
Published in: Cancer Cell International 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Primary research

Jacaric acid inhibits the growth of murine macrophage-like leukemia PU5-1.8 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

Authors: Wai Nam Liu, Kwok Nam Leung

Published in: Cancer Cell International | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

Conjugated linolenic acids (CLN) refer to the positional and geometric isomers of octadecatrienoic acids with three conjugated double bonds (C18:3). Previous researches have demonstrated that CLN can inhibit the growth of a wide variety of cancer cells, whereas the modulatory effect of CLN on various myeloid leukemia cells remains unclear. This study aims at demonstrating the in vitro anti-tumor effect and action mechanisms of jacaric acid, a CLN isomer which is present in jacaranda seed oil, on the murine macrophage-like leukemia PU5-1.8 cells.

Methods and results

It was found that jacaric acid inhibited the proliferation of PU5-1.8 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, as determined by the MTT reduction assay and by using CyQUANT® NF Cell Proliferation Assay Kit, while it exerted minimal cytotoxicity on normal murine cells. Besides, the reactive oxygen species production in jacaric acid-treated PU5-1.8 cells was elevated in a concentration-dependent mannar. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, accompanied by a decrease in CDK2 and cyclin E proteins. Jacaric acid also triggered apoptosis as reflected by induction of DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax protein and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated the growth-inhibitory effect of jacaric acid on PU5-1.8 cells through inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity to normal murine cells. Therefore, jacaric acid is a potential candidate for the treatment of some forms of myeloid leukemia with minimal toxicity and fewer side effects.
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Metadata
Title
Jacaric acid inhibits the growth of murine macrophage-like leukemia PU5-1.8 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Authors
Wai Nam Liu
Kwok Nam Leung
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cancer Cell International / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2867
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-015-0246-5

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