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Respiratory Research

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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Increased activated regulatory T cells proportion correlate with the severity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Authors: Ziliang Hou, Qiao Ye, Meihua Qiu, Yu Hao, Junyan Han, Hui Zeng

Published in: Respiratory Research | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial in maintaining immune tolerance and immune homeostasis, but their role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unclear. This study was designed to explore the role of Tregs in IPF.

Methods

Percentages of Tregs and their subpopulations in peripheral blood (PB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were determined by flow cytometry in 29 patients with IPF, 19 patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome-related interstitial pneumonia (pSS-IP), and 23 healthy controls (HCs).

Results

In peripheral blood, no difference was found in CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg percentages among patients with IPF, pSS-IP, or HCs. However, activated Treg (aTreg) fractions among CD4⁺ T cells increased significantly in IPF compared with pSS-IP or HCs. Being consistent with the result from the PB, aTreg fractions among CD4⁺ T cells in IPF also increased significantly compared with pSS-IP or HCs, accompanied by increased fraction III compared with HCs in BAL. IPF patients had lower levels of resting Tregs (rTregs) from the thymus than did HCs, whereas aTreg levels originating from the thymus did not significantly differ from HCs. Both rTregs and aTregs proliferated in IPF, with aTregs being more proliferative than rTregs. Both rTregs and aTregs significantly inhibited proliferation of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes in vitro. The percentage of aTregs was correlated negatively with predicted diffusing capacity values for carbon monoxide and positively with GAP index in IPF.

Conclusions

Our study showed the imbalance between subpopulations of Tregs in IPF. Increased aTregs proportion in the peripheral blood correlated inversely with disease severity.

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Title: Increased activated regulatory T cells proportion correlate with the severity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ziliang Hou
Qiao Ye
Meihua Qiu
Yu Hao
Junyan Han
Hui Zeng
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Respiratory Research / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1465-993X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-017-0653-3

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Conclusions

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