Top

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Anti-adipogenic effects of the traditional herbal formula Dohongsamul-tang in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Authors: Eun Hyoung Shim, Hoyoung Lee, Myeong Soo Lee, Sooseong You

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

Blood stasis syndrome (BSS) is a general pattern identification and refers to pathological stagnation of blood circulation, dysfunction of endothelial cells or metabolic disorder in traditional Korean medicine (TKM). Dohongsamul-Tang (DHSMT) is a well-known traditional herbal formula which used for treatment and prevention of BSS by promoting blood circulation in TKM.

Methods

Cytotoxicity of DHSMT was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). We also investigated the anti-adipogenesis effect of DHSMT by using Oil Red O staining, intracellular triglyceride assay leptin ELISA and western blot analysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, the accumulation of adiponectin, resistin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured by magnetic bead panel kit.

Results

Oil Red O staining showed that DHSMT markedly reduced fat accumulation without affecting cell cytotoxicity. DHSMT also significantly decreased accumulation of triglyceride and adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin and PAI-1 compared with fully differentiated adipocytes. Furthermore, our results found that DHSMT significantly suppressed the adipocyte differentiation by downregulating adipogenic-specific transcriptional factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins alpha (C/EBPα) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in adipocytes.

Conclusions

Taken together, our findings provide that DHSMT has potential for treatment and prevention of obesity or MS related to BSS.

Grundy SM, Barnett JP. Metabolic and health complications of obesity. Dis Mon. 1990;36(12):641–731.PubMed

Rose G. Population distributions of risk and disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 1991;1:37–40.

Kopelman PG. Obesity as a medical problem. Nature. 2000;404(6778):635–43.CrossRefPubMed

Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(8):591–602.CrossRefPubMed

Li SM, Xu H, Chen KJ. The diagnostic criteria of blood-stasis syndrome: considerations for standardization of pattern identification. Chin J Integr Med. 2014;20:483–9.CrossRefPubMed

Zhou XQ, Liang H, Sun X, Zhou HT. Correlation between TCM blood stasis pattern of coronary heart disease and coronary angiography result: a meta-analysis. Chin. J Evid Based Med. 2012;12(12):1470–7.

JI W, Zhou J, Wang S, Ji Z. Logistic regression analysis of relevance between different blood stasis syndromes and related factors in angina pectoris patients. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med. 2013;7:40.

Liu X, Guo C, Ma X, Tian R, Zhang Y, Yin H. Relationship between serum estrogen levels and blood stasis syndrome in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2015;31(1):25–30.PubMedPubMedCentral

Yoon YG. Dohaejeongbo. Seoul: Eui Seing Dang Publ; 2007. p. 9–15.

10.

Jeong WY, Jeon BH. Influence of medicinal herbal drug on the experimental model of thrombosis in animal. Korean J Oriental Pathol. 1996;10(1):72–8.

11.

Jeong HY, Cho YL. The effect of DohongSamulTang(DST) on immune-system in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. Korean J Oriental Pathol. 1999;13(1):132–40.

12.

You BS, Jung JE, Park JY, Yun JM, Lee I, Moon BS. Protective effects of dohongsamul-tang on zinc-mediated cytotoxicity in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell. Korean J Oriental Physiol Pathol. 2004;18(5):1374–81.

13.

Chang SH, Lim EM, Lee E. Effects of Dohongsamul-tang on surgically induced endometriosis in rats. J Korean. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;19(1):125–35.

14.

Engelman JA, Lisanti MP, Scherer PE. Specific inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase block 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(48):32111–20.CrossRefPubMed

15.

He Q, Huang C, Zhao L, Feng J, Shi Q, Wang D, Wang S. α-Naphthoflavone inhibits 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes differentiation via modulating p38MAPK signaling. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013;6(2):168–78.PubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Matsumoto C, Kojima T, Ogawa K, Kamegai S, Oyama T, Shibagaki Y, Kawasaki T, Fujinaga H, Takahashi K, Hikiami H, Goto H, Kiga C, Koizumi K, Sakurai H, Muramoto H, Shimada Y, Yamamoto M, Terasawa K, Takeda S, Saiki I. A proteomic approach for the diagnosis of ‘Oketsu’(blood stasis), a pathophysiologic concept of Japanese traditional (Kampo) medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008;5(4):463–74.CrossRefPubMed

17.

Chen KJ. Blood stasis syndrome and its treatment with activating blood circulation to remove blood stasis therapy. Chin J Integr Med. 2012;18(12):891–6.CrossRefPubMed

18.

Yu X, Zhang L, Xu H. Progress in research on relevant factors affecting TCM syndrome differentiation of CHD. Chin J Int Med Cardio/Cerebrovasc Dis. 2009;7(5):581–4.

19.

Zhu YB, Wang Q, CY W, Pang GM, Zhao JX, Shen SL, Xia ZY, Yan X. Logistic regression analysis on relationships between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and overweight or obesity. Chin J Integr Med. 2010;8(11):1023–8.CrossRef

20.

Lu Y, Li T. Effect of Chinese drugs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis on carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic cerebrovascular events. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2014;34(3):303–7.PubMed

21.

Reaven G. Metabolic syndrome: pathophysiology and implications for management of cardiovascular disease. Circ. 2002;106(3):286–8.CrossRef

22.

Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2005;365(9468):1415–28.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Zhang H, Shen P, Cheng Y. Identification and determination of the major constituents in traditional Chinese medicine Si-Wu-tang by HPLC coupled with DAD and ESI-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2004;34(3):705–13.CrossRefPubMed

24.

Gong H, Ni Y, Guo X, Fei L, Pan X, Guo M, Chen R. Resistin promotes 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;150(6):885–92.CrossRefPubMed

25.

Fu Y, Luo N, Klein RL, Garvey WT. Adiponectin promotes adipocyte differentiation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid accumulation. J Lipid Res. 2005;46(7):1369–79.CrossRefPubMed

26.

Liang X, Kanjanabuch T, Mao SL, Hao CM, Tang YW, Declerck PJ, Hasty AH, Wasserman DH, Fogo AB, Ma LJ. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 modulates adipocyte differentiation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;290(1):E103–13.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Yuan G, Jia J, Di L, Zhou L, Dong S, Ye J, Wang D, Yang L, Wang J, Li L, Yang Y, Mao C, Chen M. Effects of C-reactive protein on adipokines genes expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012;424(3):462–8.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Alvala R, Alvala M, Sama V, Dharmarajan S, Ullas JV, Reddy M. Scientific evidence for traditional claim of anti-obesity activity of Tecomella undulata bark. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;148(2):441–8.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Houseknecht KL, Baile CA, Matteri RL, Spurlock ME. The biology of leptin: a review. J Anim Sci. 1998;76(5):1405–20.CrossRefPubMed

30.

DK O, Ciaraldi T, Henry RR. Adiponectin in health and disease. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007;9(3):282–9.CrossRef

31.

Guo L, Li X, Tang QQ. Transcriptional regulation of adipocyte differentiation: a central role for CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(2):755–61.CrossRefPubMed

32.

Maeda N, Takahashi M, Funahashi T, Kihara S, Nishizawa H, Kishida K, Nagaretani H, Matsuda M, Komuro R, Ouchi N, Kuriyama H, Hotta K, Nakamura T, Shimomura I, Matsuzawa Y. PPARγ ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes. 2001;50(9):2094–9.CrossRefPubMed

33.

Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocr Rev. 2005;26(3):439–51.CrossRefPubMed

34.

Kim KH, Lee K, Moon YS, Sul HS. A cysteine-rich adipose tissue-specific secretory factor inhibits adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(14):11252–6.CrossRefPubMed

35.

Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, Brown EJ, Banerjee RR, Wright CM, Patel HR, Ahima RS, Lazar MA. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature. 2001;409(6818):307–12.CrossRefPubMed

36.

Savage DB, Sewter CP, Klenk ES, Segal DG, Vidal-Puig A, Considine RV, O’Rahilly S. Resistin/Fizz3 expression in relation to obesity and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ action in humans. Diabetes. 2001;50(10):2199–202.CrossRefPubMed

37.

Senolt L, Housa D, Vernerova Z, Jirásek T, Svobodová R, Veigl D, Anderlová K, Müller-Ladner U, Pavelka K, Haluzík M. Resistin in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue, synovial fluid and serum. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(4):458–63.CrossRefPubMed

38.

Hoekstra T, Geleijnse JM, Schouten EG, Kluft C. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1: its plasma determinants and relation with cardiovascular risk. Thromb Haemost. 2004;91(5):861–72.PubMed

39.

Ma LJ, Mao SL, Taylor KL, Kanjanabuch T, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Brown NJ, Swift LL, McGuinness OP, Wasserman DH, Vaughan DE, Fogo AB. Prevention of obesity and insulin resistance in mice lacking plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. Diabetes. 2004;53(2):336–46.CrossRefPubMed

40.

Mathieu P, Lemieux I, Després JP. Obesity, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010;87(4):407–16.CrossRefPubMed

41.

Conde J, Scotece M, Gómez R, López V, Gómez-Reino JJ, Lago F, Gualillo O. Adipokines: biofactors from white adipose tissue. A complex hub among inflammation, metabolism, and immunity. Biofactors. 2011;37(6):413–20.CrossRefPubMed

42.

Darlington GJ, Ross SE, MacDougald OA. The role of C/EBP genes in adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(46):30057–60.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Rosen ED, Hsu CH, Wang X, Sakai S, Freeman MW, Gonzalez FJ, Spiegelman BM. C/EBPα induces adipogenesis through PPARγ: a unified pathway. Genes Dev. 2002;16(1):22–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

44.

Wu Z, Rosen ED, Brun R, Hauser S, Adelmant G, Troy AE, McKeon C, Darlington GJ, Spiegelman BM. Cross-regulation of C/EBPα and PPARγ controls the transcriptional pathway of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity. Mol Cell. 1999;3(2):151–8.CrossRefPubMed

45.

Schoonjans K, Staels B, Auwerx J. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARS) and their effects on lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996;1302(2):93–109.CrossRefPubMed

46.

Hou Y, Xue P, Bai Y, Liu D, Woods CG, Yarborough K, Fu J, Zhang Q, Sun G, Collins S, Chan JY, Yamamoto M, Andersen ME, Pi J. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2 regulates transcription of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β during adipogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2012;52(2):462–72.CrossRefPubMed

47.

Zhang Y, Fan S, Hu N, Gu M, Chu C, Li Y, Lu X, Huang C. Rhein reduces fat weight in db/db mouse and prevents diet-induced obesity in C57Bl/6 mouse through the inhibition of PPARγ signaling. PPAR Res. 2012; https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/374936.

48.

MacDougald OA, Lane MD. Transcriptional regulation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation. Annu Rev Biochem. 1995;64(1):345–73.CrossRefPubMed

Title: Anti-adipogenic effects of the traditional herbal formula Dohongsamul-tang in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Eun Hyoung Shim
Hoyoung Lee
Myeong Soo Lee
Sooseong You
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-2038-z

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Anti-adipogenic effects of the traditional herbal formula Dohongsamul-tang in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Potential effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine Yu ping feng san for adult allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Promotion of HepG2 cell apoptosis by flower of Allium atroviolaceum and the mechanism of action

Jia-Wei-Jiao-Tai-Wan ameliorates type 2 diabetes by improving β cell function and reducing insulin resistance in diabetic rats

Nam Dia long, a Vietnamese folk formula, induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through various mechanisms of action

The herbal formula KH-204 is protective against erectile dysfunction by minimizing oxidative stress and improving lipid profiles in a rat model of erectile dysfunction induced by hypercholesterolaemia

Moxibustion for cancer-related fatigue: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial