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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Dementia | Research article

Associations of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with age, oral status, and oral function among psychiatric inpatients in Japan: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Satoru Haresaku, Fuyuko Nakashima, Yayoi Hara, Madoka Kuroki, Hisae Aoki, Keiko Kubota, Toru Naito

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

As the general population of Japan ages, the population of hospitalized psychiatric patients is also ageing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) with age and oral health, including oral and swallowing function, among psychiatric inpatients.

Methods

The subjects included 165 psychiatric inpatients in psychiatric hospitals in Japan. The General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) were included in the questionnaire survey for the measurement of OHRQoL and the screening of dysphagia. A score ≥ 3 on the EAT-10 was defined as suspected dysphagia. Oral examinations and oral diadochokinesis (ODK) measurements for the tongue-lip motor function evaluation were conducted. The inpatients with acute psychiatric symptoms, moderate and severe dementia, and cognitive impairment that affected their ability to communicate and relate their feelings were excluded. A chi-squared test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and linear regression analysis were used for the analysis. The data were analysed at the 5% significance level.

Results

A total of 100 (64.5%) psychiatric inpatients (mean age, 67.3 [SD, 14.5] years, 49% males, and 51% females) participated in this study. The means ± SDs for the decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) index and GOHAI score were 20.6 ± 6 and 49.7 ± 7.9, respectively. The GOHAI score in the older age group (≥ 65 years) was significantly lower than that in the younger age group (< 65 years). The mean ODK scores were less than 3 times/s for all syllables. The percentage of the participants with suspected dysphagia was 45.0%. Tooth loss and suspected dysphagia were significantly associated with low GOHAI scores. The EAT-10 score was significantly correlated with the GOHAI score only after adjusting for age and sex (β = − 0.725, 95% CI − 0.97, − 0.64).

Conclusions

In hospitalized psychiatric patients, impaired oral health in the older subjects was more pronounced compared with that among general adults. Tooth loss and swallowing function were associated with OHRQoL. Therefore, oral care for the recovery of occlusal and swallowing functions may be needed to improve OHRQoL among psychiatric patients.
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Metadata
Title
Associations of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with age, oral status, and oral function among psychiatric inpatients in Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Satoru Haresaku
Fuyuko Nakashima
Yayoi Hara
Madoka Kuroki
Hisae Aoki
Keiko Kubota
Toru Naito
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01355-5

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