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Open Access 01-12-2020 | Dental Plaque Index | Research article

Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

Authors: Kinga Grzegocka, Paweł Krzyściak, Anna Hille-Padalis, Jolanta E. Loster, Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia, Bartłomiej W. Loster

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Background

Conventional brackets are often used during orthodontic therapy of patients with malocclusion. The complex construction of such brackets greatly inhibits oral hygiene, which predisposes to increased carriage of microbiota. Orthodontic brackets could act as reservoir of yeast and predispose to oral candidosis. The aim of this study was to assess Candida prevalence and the role of oral hygiene during fixed appliance therapy. A further aim was to characterize the isolated yeasts according to their ability to form biofilms.

Methods

Seventeen participants (average age 17 ± 7 years) were monitored by taking oral rinses and elastomeric ligature samples, and by evaluating the approximal plaque index (API) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) before and after placement of the orthodontic conventional brackets for 12 weeks. Isolated yeasts were counted and biofilm formation was evaluated.

Results

One hundred and sixteen samples (67 oral rinses and 49 orthodontic elastomers) were collected. Ten patients (58.8% subjects) were Candida-carriers (two were colonized after bracket placement) and C. albicans was the most common species. The average number of yeasts in the oral cavity showed some fluctuation during the study, but in general had an upward trend (adj. R2 = 0.7967, p = 0.07025). A correlation was found between median number of yeasts and the periodontal indices (API, GBI). The average API values decreased in the Candida-carriers (adj. R² = 0.95; p = 0.01709), while average GBI values increased in the noncarriers (adj. R² = 0.92; p = 0.0256).

Conclusions

Treatment with orthodontic appliances promotes Candida yeast colonization, which is variable over time in terms of strain and species, with dominance of C. albicans, and without increased biofilm-forming activity. The API value decreases over time in carriers, and the GBI value increases in uncolonized patients, which may have predictive significance for the development of oral candidiasis during orthodontic treatment.

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Title: Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets
Authors: Kinga Grzegocka
Paweł Krzyściak
Anna Hille-Padalis
Jolanta E. Loster
Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia
Bartłomiej W. Loster
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Dental Plaque Index
Published in: BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01267-4

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Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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