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Published in: BMC Endocrine Disorders 1/2020

Open Access 01-03-2020 | Diabetes Prevention | Review

Obtaining evidence base for the development of Feel4Diabetes intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes – a narrative literature review

Authors: Jemina Kivelä, Katja Wikström, Eeva Virtanen, Michael Georgoulis, Greet Cardon, Fernando Civeira, Violeta Iotova, Ernest Karuranga, Winne Ko, Stavros Liatis, Konstantinos Makrilakis, Yannis Manios, Rocío Mateo-Gallego, Anna Nanasi, Imre Rurik, Tsvetalina Tankova, Kaloyan Tsochev, Vicky Van Stappen, Jaana Lindström, on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes research group

Published in: BMC Endocrine Disorders | Special Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Feel4Diabetes was a school and community based intervention aiming to promote healthy lifestyle and tackle obesity for the prevention of type 2 diabetes among families in 6 European countries. We conducted this literature review in order to guide the development of evidence-based implementation of the Feel4Diabetes intervention. We focused on type 2 diabetes prevention strategies, including all the phases from risk identification to implementation and maintenance. Special focus was given to prevention among vulnerable groups and people under 45 years.

Methods

Scientific and grey literature published between January 2000 and January 2015 was searched for relevant studies using electronic databases. To present the literature review findings in a systematic way, we used the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. A complementary literature search from February 2015 to December 2018 was also conducted.

Results

The initial review included 27 studies with a follow-up ≥12 months and 9 studies with a follow-up ≥6 months and with a participant mean age < 45 years. We found out that interventions should be targeted at people at risk to improve recruiting and intervention effectiveness. Screening questionnaires (primarily Finnish Diabetes Risk Score FINDRISC) and blood glucose measurement can both be used for screening; the method does not appear to affect intervention effectiveness. Screening and recruitment is time-consuming, especially when targeting lower socioeconomic status and age under 45 years. The intervention intensity is more important for effectiveness than the mode of delivery. Moderate changes in several lifestyle habits lead to good intervention results. A minimum of 3-year follow-up seemed to be required to show a reduction in diabetes risk in high-risk individuals. In participants < 45 years, the achieved results in outcomes were less pronounced. The complementary review included 12 studies, with similar results regarding intervention targets and delivery modes, as well as clinical significance.

Conclusion

This narrative review highlighted several important aspects that subsequently guided the development of the Feel4Diabetes high-risk intervention. Research on diabetes prevention interventions targeted at younger adults or vulnerable population groups is still relatively scarce. Feel4Diabetes is a good example of a project aiming to fill this research gap.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov NCT02393872, registered 20th March 2015.
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Metadata
Title
Obtaining evidence base for the development of Feel4Diabetes intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes – a narrative literature review
Authors
Jemina Kivelä
Katja Wikström
Eeva Virtanen
Michael Georgoulis
Greet Cardon
Fernando Civeira
Violeta Iotova
Ernest Karuranga
Winne Ko
Stavros Liatis
Konstantinos Makrilakis
Yannis Manios
Rocío Mateo-Gallego
Anna Nanasi
Imre Rurik
Tsvetalina Tankova
Kaloyan Tsochev
Vicky Van Stappen
Jaana Lindström
on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes research group
Publication date
01-03-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Endocrine Disorders / Issue Special Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6823
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0468-y

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