Open Access 01-12-2016 | Erratum
Erratum to: Adrenal fatigue does not exist: a systematic review
Published in: BMC Endocrine Disorders | Issue 1/2016
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Following publication of the original version of this article in BMC Endocrine Disorders [1] it was brought to our attention that the comment section for row 12 in Table 1 should be blank. Please find the corrected table below.
First author & reference
|
Year of publication
|
Number of patients
|
Population
|
Questionnaire
|
Tests
|
Results
|
Comments
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
McLennan [21]
|
2016
|
257
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
HCC
|
Nl
|
|
Schmidt [69] (part 1)
|
2016
|
265
|
Breast Cancer
|
FAQ
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, NSC
|
↑NSC, ↑AUC, Nl CAR, Nl DAC, ↓SCR
|
Pts. mostly on chemotherapy (ChTx); schemes not specified. No controls, only correlation between fatigue levels and tests. ChTx related to worse fatigue. Initial tests performed during, w/ or w/o ChTx.
|
Schmidt [69] (part 2)
|
2016
|
265
|
Breast Cancer
|
FAQ
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, NSC
|
↑AUC, ↑CAR, ↑NSC, ↑ SCR, Nl DAC
|
Second test of the study, performed after 14 weeks of procedures.
|
Sjors [25]
|
2015
|
220
|
H/B
|
SMBQ
|
DAC, CAR
|
↓CAR, ↑DAC
|
Results normalized after adjustment of anti-depressive use; SCR results not provided
|
Oosterholt [28]
|
2015
|
91
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, AUC, CAR 60min
|
Nl SCR, ↓CAR, Nl AUC, Nl CAR 60min, ↓DAC
|
Control of variations did not change results
|
De Vente [22]
|
2015
|
95
|
H/B
|
Acute Psychosocial Stressor diagnosis
|
MSC, MST
|
Nl MSC, Nl MST
|
MST: Nl (women), reduced (men); MSC: Nl (men), reduced (women). Mental arithmetic and public speech stressors also performed
|
Lennartsson [24]
|
2015
|
56
|
H/B
|
DCSRD; exclusion w/ SEQ
|
DHEA-S; ACTH; ACTH and DHEA-S post-TSST (TSST stress test performed)
|
↓DHEA-S, ↓post-TSST DHEA-S, Nl ACTH, Nl post-TSST ACTH
|
|
Tao [23]
|
2015
|
171
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
MSC, ACTH
|
↑ACTH, ↑MSC
|
|
Jonsson [29]
|
2015
|
51
|
H/B
|
SMBQ
|
MSC, MST
|
Nl MSC, ↓MST
|
|
Lennartsson [27]
|
2015
|
56
|
H/B
|
DCSRD and SMBQ
|
MSC, MST, ACTH, ACTH post-TSST (TSST stress test performed)
|
Nl MSC, Nl MST, Nl ACTH, Nl post-TSST ACTH
|
Severe BO: lower ACTH, cortisol response to TSST vs controls, whereas low BO: higher ACTH, cortisol responses vs controls
|
Schmaling [26]
|
2015
|
62
|
Healthy
|
ADAS
|
AUC, SCR
|
↓AUC, ↓SCR
|
31 couples studied, one of which had chronic fatigue (but not CFS)
|
Sveinsdottir [68]
|
2015
|
1150
|
Chronic Lombalgia
|
CFQ
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, NSC
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl NSC, Nl SCR
|
|
Powell [67]
|
2015
|
76
|
Multiple Sclerosis
|
CFQ
|
DAC, CAR, SCR
|
↓DAC, ↑CAR, Nl SCR
|
Sleep disorders excluded; adjusted for depressive symptoms; NSC not published. Multiple sclerosis had increased awakening cortisol and decreased CAR
|
Cruz [70]
|
2015
|
43
|
Breast cancer
|
BFI and CFQ
|
MSC, DHEA-S
|
Nl MSC, Nl DHEA-S
|
Pts undergoing ChTx included anthracyclines
|
Marchand [31]
|
2014
|
1043
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, NSC
|
↑DAC, ↓CAR, ↑SCR, ↓NSC
|
Only BO; Groups of severe distress or depression not included
|
Aggarwal [30]
|
2014
|
227
|
Healthy
|
CFQ
|
MSC, NSC, 0.25mg DST, DHEA-S
|
Nl MSC, Nl NSC, Nl 0.25mg DST, ↓DHEA-S
|
Evaluation of chronic, widespread pain, chronic orofacial pain, chronic fatigue (but not CFS), irritable bowel syndrome
|
Tell D [71]
|
2014
|
130
|
Breast cancer
|
MFI
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, NSC
|
↓CAR, ↓SCR, ↑DAC, ↑NSC
|
Post-surgery breast cancer, regardless of ChTx. Not adjusted to sleeping patterns
|
Wolfram [32]
|
2013
|
53
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
MSC, 1mcg CST, DST/CRH test (1.5mg DST + 100mcg CRH)
|
Nl MSC, ↓post-1mcg ACTH, Nl ACTH and cortisol DST-CRH
|
High over-commitment present blunted serum and salivary cortisol and ACTH responses to DST-CRH test
|
Klaassen [33]
|
2013
|
27
|
Healthy
|
MP (Beck & Luine, 2010) and Stress Tasks (Wang, 2006)
|
MSC, post-stress
|
Nl MSC, Nl post-stress
|
A complex test sequence was performed but not reproduced
|
Eek [34]
|
2012
|
581
|
Healthy
|
SOFI-20
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR, MSC
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl NSC, Nl SCR, Nl MSC
|
Women: reduced awakening, increased CAR, increased SCR; Men: increased awakening and reduced CAR – when fatigued
|
Sjors [35]
|
2012
|
247
|
H/B
|
DCSRD and SMBQ
|
DAC, 15min CAR
|
Nl DAC, Nl 15min CAR
|
|
Rahman [54]
|
2011
|
30
|
CFS
|
Previous Dx – No questionnaire
|
MSC, SCR, NSC
|
Nl MSC, Nl SCR, Nl NSC
|
|
Moya-Albiol [37]
|
2010
|
64
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR
|
|
Kumari [38]
|
2009
|
4,299
|
Healthy
|
SF-36
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR
|
↓DAC, ↓CAR, ↑NSC, ↓SCR
|
Adjusted for WC*, BMI, sleep duration, CVD medication, depressive symptoms, smoking, alcohol intake provides Nl awakening but lower SCR
|
Osterberg [39]
|
2009
|
304
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, ↓NSC, ↑SCR
|
0.5mg DST was not compared to controls
|
Wingenfeld [41]
|
2009
|
279
|
H/B
|
Maslach and Maastricht
|
AUC, SCR
|
Nl AUC, Nl SCR
|
DAC and CAR not done; conclusions different from results. For AUC, Low BO: Nl, moderate: increased, severe: decreased
|
Rydstedt [40]
|
2009
|
76
|
Healthy
|
NRWS
|
DAC, NSC
|
Nl DAC, Nl NSC
|
|
Papadopoulos [55]
|
2009
|
38
|
CFS
|
CFQ and SF-36
|
MSC, AUC, morning AUC, 0,5mg DST
|
↑MSC, ↑AUC, ↑MAUC, Nl 0.5mg DST
|
Data on absolute cortisol levels at each point not published. DST reduction evaluated by percent reduction.
|
Bay [72]
|
2009
|
75
|
Post traumatic brain injury
|
POMS
|
AUC
|
Nl AUC
|
Correlation between brain injury-related fatigue level and cortisol AUC. Basal and NSC results not reported; SCR not evaluated.
|
Sudhaus [73]
|
2009
|
43
|
Chronic Lombalgia
|
MFI
|
DAC, CAR, MAUC
|
↓CAR, Nl DAC, Nl MAUC (correlation between fatigue levels among low back pain subjects)
|
** Colocar como SAUDÁVEL – porque é só lombalgia (Low back pain had increased CAR than controls).
|
Lindeberg [36]
|
2008
|
78
|
Healthy
|
SF-36
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR
|
Nl DAC, ↓CAR, Nl NSC, ↓SCR
|
|
Sertoz [42]
|
2008
|
72
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
Basal and post 1.0mcg DST cortisol
|
Nl basal cortisol and 1.0mg DST
|
|
Bellingrath [43]
|
2008
|
101
|
H/B
|
Maslach and Maastricht
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR, 0.25mg DST
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl NSC, Nl SCR, ↓0.25mg DST
|
|
Nater [57]
|
2008
|
185
|
CFS
|
SF-36 and MFI
|
DAC, CAR, MAUC
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, ↓MAUC
|
|
Torres-Harding [56]
|
2008
|
108
|
CFS
|
FSE
|
AUC, SCR
|
Nl AUC, Nl SCR
|
Multiple psychological tests performed. Data on NSC, basal and CAR not published.
|
Sonnenschein [45]
|
2007
|
42
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
CAR, 0.5mg DST, DHEA-S
|
Nl CAR, Nl 0.5mg DST, Nl DHEA-S
|
Adjusted for depression, sleep quality. Awakening levels and each level graphics not available
|
Harris [44]
|
2007
|
44
|
Healthy
|
SF-36
|
DAC, CAR, NSC, SCR
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl NSC, Nl SCR
|
Other aspects also correlated: complains, job stress and demand, QOL and coping. Adjusted for coffee and tobacco.
|
Langelaan [46]
|
2006
|
55
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR, 0.5mg DST, DHEA-S
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl 0.5mg DST, Nl DHEA-S
|
Engaged work also compared and had stronger suppression in DST
|
Mommersteeg [47]
|
2006
|
109
|
Healthy
|
NC-WHO
|
DAC, CAR, 0.5mg DST, SCR, AUC, NSC
|
Nl DAC, Nl CAR, Nl NSC, Nl SCR, Nl 0.5mg DST, Nl AUC
|
|
Barroso [74]
|
2006
|
40
|
HIV
|
HRFS
|
MSC, NSC
|
↓MSC, ↑NSC
|
|
Jerjes [58]
|
2006
|
80
|
CFS
|
CFQ
|
UFC, TCM
|
↓UFC, Nl TCM
|
|
Grossi [48]
|
2005
|
64
|
H/B
|
SMBQ
|
DAC, CAR
|
↓DAC, ↑CAR
|
Groups were high x moderate x low BO score; correlation was significant
|
Segal [59]
|
2005
|
40
|
CFS
|
No questionnaire
|
MSC, 1mcg CST
|
↓ MSC, ↓1mcg CST
|
DHEA-S collected only in CFS. No questionnaires used.
|
Jerjes [60]
|
2005
|
35
|
CFS
|
CFQ
|
MSC, SCR, NSC, AUC
|
↓MSC, ↓SCR, ↓AUC ↓, Nl NSC
|
|
Bower [75]
|
2005
|
29
|
Breast cancer
|
SF-36
|
DAC, AUC, SCR, NSC
|
↑AUC, ↓SCR, Nl DAC, ↑NSC
|
Post-ChTx (regardless of time) complete cancer remission and exclusion of other disorders
|
McLean [76]
|
2005
|
55
|
Fybro-mialgia
|
SF-36
|
DAC, 60min CAR, SCR, AUC, NSC
|
Nl DAC, Nl 60min CAR, Nl SCR, Nl AUC, Nl NSC (correlation between fatigue levels among FMG subjects)
|
FMG subjects presented Nl DAC and CAR, as controls.
|
Roberts [62]
|
2004
|
92
|
CFS
|
CFQ and SF-36
|
DAC, CAR, MAUC
|
Nl DAC, ↓CAR, ↓MAUC
|
|
Crofford [61]
|
2004
|
72
|
CFS/ FMG
|
POMS
|
ACTH, MSC, SCR, NSC, AUC
|
Nl ACTH, Nl SCR, Nl NSC, ↓AUC, Nl MSC
|
Tests performed in: CFS, FMG and CFS + FMG; FMG w/o fatigue had Nl AUC and increased BMC levels
|
Moch [50]
|
2003
|
16
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
UFC, DHEA-S, ACTH, MSC
|
↓UFC, Nl DHEA-S, Nl ACTH, ↓MSC
|
Only women; longitudinal evaluation – Nl initial cortisol.
|
De Vente [49]
|
2003
|
45
|
H/B
|
Maslach
|
DAC, MSC, post-TSST
|
↑DAC, ↑MSC, Nl post-TSST
|
|
Gaab [63]
|
2002
|
42
|
CFS
|
MFI
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, 0.5mg DST
|
↓0.5mg DST, Nl AUC, Nl CAR, Nl DAC, Nl SCR, Nl NSC
|
CAR also performed at 15, 45 and 60min.
|
Dekkers [77]
|
2000
|
53
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
MFI
|
DAC, CAR, SCR, AUC
|
Nl AUC, Nl SCR Nl, ↓DAC, ↑CAR
|
5/25 subjects with RA taking prednisone (5–10 mg/d); RS subjects had smaller SCR, increased AM cortisol and decreased CAR. 15 and 45 min CAR also performed.
|
Melamed [51]
|
1999
|
111
|
H/B
|
SMBQ and Maastricht
|
MSC and 4PM cortisol
|
↑MSC, Nl 4PM cortisol
|
|
Pruessner [52]
|
1999
|
66
|
Healthy
|
Maslach
|
DAC, CAR, 0.5mg DST
|
↓DAC, ↓CAR, ↓0.5mg DST
|
15min and 60min CAR also performed
|
Strickland [65]
|
1998
|
74
|
CFS
|
Not specified/detailed
|
MSC, NSC
|
↓NSC, Nl MSC
|
Adjusted for depression
|
Young [66]
|
1998
|
45
|
CFS
|
NC-WHO
|
UFC, SCR, MSC, AUC
|
Nl UFC, Nl SCR, Nl MSC, Nl AUC
|
|
Scott [64]
|
1998
|
28
|
CFS
|
Not specified (not detailed)
|
MSC, ACTH, 100mcg CRH cortisol stimulation
|
Nl MSC, Nl ACTH, CRH stim test: ↓cortisol, ↓ACTH
|
|
Raikkonen [53]
|
1996
|
22
|
Healthy
|
Not assessed
|
1mcg CST, DST (non specified), OGTT, MSC, ACTH, cortisol/ACTH ratio
|
↑Cortisol/ACTH ratio; ↑CST, Nl DST, Nl OGTT, Nl MSC, Nl ACTH
|
Full article not assessed – not in PUBMED or other database
|