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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Burnout Syndrome | Research article

Systematic review of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa

Authors: Benyam W. Dubale, Lauren E. Friedman, Zeina Chemali, John W. Denninger, Darshan H. Mehta, Atalay Alem, Gregory L. Fricchione, Michelle L. Dossett, Bizu Gelaye

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Background

Burnout is characterized by physical and emotional exhaustion from long-term exposure to emotionally demanding work. Burnout affects interpersonal skills, job performance, career satisfaction, and psychological health. However, little is known about the burden of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods

Relevant articles were identified through a systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), and PsycINFO (EBSCO). Studies were selected for inclusion if they examined a quantitative measure of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa.

Results

A total of 65 articles met our inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Previous studies have examined burnout in sub-Saharan Africa among physicians (N = 12 articles), nurses (N = 26), combined populations of healthcare providers (N = 18), midwives (N = 2), and medical or nursing students (N = 7). The majority of studies assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The highest levels of burnout were reported among nurses, although all healthcare providers showed high burnout. Burnout among healthcare providers is associated with their work environments, interpersonal and professional conflicts, emotional distress, and low social support.

Conclusions

Available studies on this topic are limited by several methodological challenges. More rigorously designed epidemiologic studies of burnout among healthcare providers are warranted. Health infrastructure improvements will eventually be essential, though difficult to achieve, in under-resourced settings. Programs aimed at raising awareness and coping with burnout symptoms through stress management and resilience enhancement trainings are also needed.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Systematic review of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors
Benyam W. Dubale
Lauren E. Friedman
Zeina Chemali
John W. Denninger
Darshan H. Mehta
Atalay Alem
Gregory L. Fricchione
Michelle L. Dossett
Bizu Gelaye
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7566-7

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