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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Cardiovascular disease risk factors in a Nigerian population with impaired fasting blood glucose level and diabetes mellitus

Authors: Victor M. Oguoma, Ezekiel U. Nwose, Ifeoma I. Ulasi, Adeseye A. Akintunde, Ekene E. Chukwukelu, Phillip T. Bwititi, Ross S. Richards, Timothy C. Skinner

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and there are reports of increasing prevalence of prediabetes in Nigeria. This study therefore characterised CVDs risk factors in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes.

Methods

Data from 4 population-based cross-sectional studies on 2447 apparently healthy individuals from 18 - 89 years were analysed. Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical parameters were collected and classified. Individuals with IFG (prediabetes) and diabetes were merged each for positive cases of dyslipidaemia, high blood pressure (HBP) or obesity. Optimal Discriminant and Hierarchical Optimal Classification Tree Analysis (HO-CTA) were employed.

Results

Overall prevalence of IFG and diabetes were 5.8% (CI: 4.9 – 6.7%) and 3.1% (CI: 2.4 – 3.8%), respectively. IFG co-morbidity with dyslipidaemia (5.0%; CI: 4.1 – 5.8%) was the highest followed by overweight/obese (3.1%; CI: 2.5 – 3.8%) and HBP (1.8%; CI: 1.3 – 2.4%). The predicted age of IFG or diabetes and their co-morbidity with other CVD risk factors were between 40 – 45 years. Elevated blood level of total cholesterol was the most predictive co-morbid risk factor among IFG and diabetes subjects. Hypertriglyceridaemia was an important risk factor among IFG-normocholesterolaemic-overweight/obese individuals.

Conclusion

The higher prevalence of co-morbidity of CVD risk factors with IFG than in diabetes plus the similar age of co-morbidity between IFG and diabetes highlights the need for risk assessment models for prediabetes and education of individuals at risk about factors that mitigate development of diabetes and CVDs.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Cardiovascular disease risk factors in a Nigerian population with impaired fasting blood glucose level and diabetes mellitus
Authors
Victor M. Oguoma
Ezekiel U. Nwose
Ifeoma I. Ulasi
Adeseye A. Akintunde
Ekene E. Chukwukelu
Phillip T. Bwititi
Ross S. Richards
Timothy C. Skinner
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3910-3

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