Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Association between parental socioeconomic status with underweight and obesity in children from two Spanish birth cohorts: a changing relationship

Authors: Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, Montserrat Solera-Martínez, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Jorge Cañete García-Prieto, Natalia Arias-Palencia, Blanca Notario-Pacheco, Maria Martínez-Andrés, Jorge Mota, Mairena Sánchez-López, on behalf of Cuenca Study Group

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Our objective was twofold: to estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in two birth cohorts (1999–2000 and 2007–2008) from Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; and to examine the association between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and weight status in these two cohorts.

Methods

Cross-sectional analysis of baseline measurements was utilised in two cluster randomised trials. Using population-based samples of children from Castilla-La Mancha, Spain, 1158 children with a mean age of 9.5 years, born in the years 1999–2000 and 1588 children with a mean age of 5.3 years born in the years 2007–2008 participated. Children were classified according to the body mass index cut-offs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force criteria. An index of SES was calculated using questions regarding parental education and occupation levels.

Results

Prevalence of underweight was higher in the 2007–2008 birth cohort (20.5 %, 95 % CI: 18.5, 22.5) than in the 1999–2000 birth cohort (8.1 %, 95 % CI: 6.5, 9.7), and the overweight/obesity prevalence was 20.4 % (95 % CI: 18.4, 22.5) and 35.5 % (95 % CI: 32.7, 38.3) respectively. In the lower SES stratum, in the 2007–2008 birth cohort, the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity was 36.7 % (95 % CI: 22.2, 51.2) and 16.3 % (95 % CI: 4.9, 27.7) respectively, and 22.2 % (95 % CI: 2.8, 60.0) and 55.5 % (95 % CI: 21.2, 86.3) in the 1999–2000 cohort. The ratio between underweight:overweight/obesity showed higher values for all SES categories in 2007–2008 cohort, but particularly in the lower SES group (0.4 in the 1999–2000 cohort and 2.2 in the 2007–2008 cohort).

Conclusion

Underweight prevalence was lower in the cohort of children born in 1999–2000, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was lower in the cohort of children born in 2007–2008. Furthermore, while in the 1999–2000 children’s cohort underweight was more frequent amongst children from high SES families and overweight/obesity was more frequent in children from low SES families, in the 2008–2009 children’s cohort the opposite was true.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Solera-Martinez M, Notario-Pacheco B, Sánchez-López M, García-Prieto JC, Torrijos-Niño C, et al. Trends in excess of weight, underweight and adiposity among Spanish children from 2004 to 2010: the Cuenca Study. Public Health Nutr. 2012;15:2170–4.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thompson B, Graetz N, Margono C, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384:766–81.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
3.
Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2006;1:11–25.PubMedCrossRef
4.
De Onis M, Blössner M, Borghi E. Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:1257–64.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, De Onis M, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013;382:427–51.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Sanchez-Cruz J, de Ruiter I, Jimenez-Moleon J. Individual, family and environmental factors associated with pediatric excess weight in Spain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr. 2014;14:3.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
Stamatakis E, Wardle J, Cole TJ. Childhood obesity and overweight prevalence trends in England: evidence for growing socioeconomic disparities. Int J Obesity. 2009;34:41–7.CrossRef
8.
Shrewsbury V, Wardle J. Socioeconomic status and adiposity in childhood: a systematic review of cross-sectional studies 1990–2005. Obesity. 2008;16:275–84.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Matthiessen J, Stockmarr A, Biltoft-Jensen A, Fagt S, Zhang H, Groth MV. Trends in overweight and obesity in Danish children and adolescents: 2000-2008–exploring changes according to parental education. Scand J Public Healt. 2014;42:385–92.CrossRef
10.
Stamatakis E, Primatesta P, Chinn S, Rona R, Falascheti E. Overweight and obesity trends from 1974 to 2003 in English children: what is the role of socioeconomic factors? Arch Dis Child. 2005;90(10):999–1004.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
Karanikolos M, Mladovsky P, Cylus J, Thomson S, Basu S, Stuckler D, et al. Financial crisis, austerity, and health in Europe. Lancet. 2013;381:1323–31.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Ludwig DS, Pollack HA. Obesity and the economy: from crisis to opportunity. JAMA. 2009;301(5):533–5.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Sánchez-López M, Salcedo-Aguilar F, Notario-Pacheco B, Solera-Martinez M, Moya-Martinez P, et al. Protocol of a randomized cluster trial to assess the effectiveness of the MOVI-2 program on overweight prevention in schoolchildren. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2012;65:427–33.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Martínez-Vizcaino V, Mota J, Solera-Martínez M, Notario-Pacheco B, Arias-Palencia N, García-Prieto JC, et al. Rationale and methods of a randomised cross-over cluster trial to assess the effectiveness of MOVI-KIDS on preventing obesity in pre-schoolers. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):176.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
15.
Barreira TV, Staiano AE, Katzmarzyk PT. Validity assessment of a portable bioimpedance scale to estimate body fat percentage in white and African-American children and adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2013;8:29–32.CrossRef
16.
Domingo-Salvany A, Regidor E, Alonso J, Alvarez-Dardet C. Proposal for a social class measure. Working Group of the Spanish Society of Epidemiology and the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine. Atencion Primaria/Sociedad Espanola De Medicina De Familia y Comunitaria. 2000;25(5):350.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Cole TJ, Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7:284–94.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999–2010. JAMA. 2012;307(5):483–90.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Olds TS, Tomkinson GR, Ferrar KE, Maher CA. Trends in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Australia between 1985 and 2008. Int J Obesity. 2010;34(1):57–66.CrossRef
20.
Aeberli I, Ammann RS, Knabenhans M, Molinari L, Zimmermann MB. Decrease in the prevalence of paediatric adiposity in Switzerland from 2002 to 2007. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(06):806–11.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Kelly T, Yang W, Chen CS, Reynolds K, He J. Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. Int J Obesity. 2008;32:1431–7.CrossRef
22.
Cattaneo A, Monasta L, Stamatakis E, Lioret S, Castetbon K, Frenken F, et al. Overweight and obesity in infants and pre-school children in the European Union: a review of existing data. Obes Rev. 2010;11:389–98.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Olds T, Maher C, Zumin S, Peneau S, Lioret S, Castetbon K, et al. Evidence that the prevalence of childhood overweight is plateauing: data from nine countries. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011;6:342–60.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Rokholm B, Baker JL, Sørensen TI. The levelling off of the obesity epidemic since the year 1999 – a review of evidence and perspectives. Obes Rev. 2010;11:835–46.PubMedCrossRef
25.
26.
27.
Eurofound. Third European Quality of Life Survey - Quality of life in Europe: Impacts of the crisis. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2012.
28.
Shrewsbury V, Wardle J. Socioeconomic Status and Adiposity in Childhood: A Systematic Review of Cross‐sectional Studies 1990–2005. Obesity. 2008;16(2):275–84.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Wang Y, Zhang Q. Are American children and adolescents of low socioeconomic status at increased risk of obesity? Changes in the association between overweight and family income between 1971 and 2002. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(4):707–16.PubMed
30.
De Pee S, Brinkman HJ, Webb P, Godfrey S, Darnton-Hill I, Alderman H, et al. How to ensure nutrition security in the global economic crisis to protect and enhance development of young children and our common future. J Nutr. 2010;140(1):138–42.CrossRef
31.
Regidor E, Barrio G, Bravo MJ, de la Fuente L. Has health in Spain been declining since the economic crisis? J Epidemiol Commun H. 2014;68:280–2.CrossRef
32.
Flores M, Garcia-Gomez P, Zunzunegui MV. Economic crisis, poverty and childhood. What are the expected short- and long-term effects for the “children of the crisis”? SESPAS report 2014. Gac Sanit. 2014;28:132–6.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Currie J, Almond D. Human capital development before age five. In: Ashenfelter O, Card D, editors. Handbook of labor economics. UK: Elsevier; 2011. p. 1315–486.
Metadata
Title
Association between parental socioeconomic status with underweight and obesity in children from two Spanish birth cohorts: a changing relationship
Authors
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Montserrat Solera-Martínez
Iván Cavero-Redondo
Jorge Cañete García-Prieto
Natalia Arias-Palencia
Blanca Notario-Pacheco
Maria Martínez-Andrés
Jorge Mota
Mairena Sánchez-López
on behalf of Cuenca Study Group
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2569-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Public Health 1/2015 Go to the issue

Research article

Why are older adults and individuals with underlying chronic diseases in Germany not vaccinated against flu? A population-based study

Research article

Spontaneous social distancing in response to a simulated epidemic: a virtual experiment

Research article

Health status of primary school educators in low socio-economic areas in South Africa

Research article

Long-term efficacy of a Web-based computer-tailored nutrition education intervention for adults including cognitive and environmental feedback: a randomized controlled trial

Research article

Bayesian spatial analysis of childhood diseases in Zimbabwe

Study protocol

The Family Startup Program: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a universal group-based parenting support program