Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Study protocol

B-positive: a randomized controlled trial of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention for euthymic patients with bipolar disorder - study protocol and intervention development

Authors: Jannis T. Kraiss, Peter M. ten Klooster, Melissa Chrispijn, Hester R. Trompetter, Anja W.M.M. Stevens, Erica Neutel, Ralph W. Kupka, Ernst T. Bohlmeijer

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent (hypo)manic and depressive episodes, alternating with euthymic states in which patients are relatively symptom free. Besides clinical recovery, it is important to also strive for improvement of mental well-being and personal recovery. One prominent field focussing on the improvement of well-being is positive psychology. However, studies assessing the effects of positive psychology or personal recovery interventions for people with BD are scarce and have used weak methodological designs. The study described in this protocol article aims to assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention (“Living well with bipolar disorder”) adjusted for people with BD in the euthymic phase to improve well-being and personal recovery.

Method

The study concerns a pragmatic randomized multicenter trial. The principle objective of the study is to assess whether the positive psychology intervention offered to BD patients in remission in addition to usual care (CAU) is more effective than CAU. The study will include 112 participants randomized to either the experimental condition receiving the intervention in addition to CAU or the control condition receiving CAU. The study population are patients with BD I or II in the euthymic phase.
The inclusion criteria are 1) diagnosis of BD I or BD II, 2) between the ages of 18–65, 3) four or more supportive sessions in the last year, and 4) only residual depressive or manic symptoms. Patients are excluded if they are in a depressive or manic episode, have current addiction problems or have optimal levels of well-being. Measurements take place at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up 6 and 12 months from baseline. Outcomes of measures include positive well-being, personal recovery, psychopathology, self-compassion, positive relationships, dampening of positive affect and relapse.

Discussion

The outlined study will be the first RCT examining the effects of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention for patients with bipolar disorder. Several limitations, including generalizability of the results and possible attrition issues, are discussed in advance.

Trial registration

This study has been registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR6729) on 12 October 2017.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Grande I, Berk M, Birmaher B, Vieta E. Bipolar disorder. Lancet. 2015;387(10027):1561–72.CrossRef
2.
Kupka R, Knoppert E, Nolen W. Handboek bipolaire stoornissen. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom; 2008.
3.
Berk M, Dodd S. Bipolar II disorder: a review. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(1):11–21.CrossRef
4.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). Arlington: American Psychiatric Pub; 2013.CrossRef
5.
de Graaf R, ten Have M, van Dorsselaer S. De psychische gezondheid van de Nederlandse bevolking. In: Nemesis-2: Opzet en eerste resultaten. Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut; 2010.
6.
Dilsaver SC. An estimate of the minimum economic burden of bipolar I and II disorders in the United States: 2009. J Affect Disord. 2011;129(1):79–83.CrossRef
7.
Dean BB, Gerner D, Gerner RH. A systematic review evaluating health-related quality of life, work impairment, and healthcare costs and utilization in bipolar disorder. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004;20(2):139–54.CrossRef
8.
Calabrese JR, Hirschfeld RMA, Reed M, Davies MA, Frye MA, Keck PE, Lewis L, McElroy SL, McNulty JP, Wagner KD. Impact of bipolar disorder on a U.S. community sample. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(4):425–32.CrossRef
9.
Laxman KE, Lovibond KS, Hassan MK. Impact of bipolar disorder in employed populations. Am J Manag Care. 2008;14(11):757–64.PubMed
10.
Fajutrao L, Locklear J, Priaulx J, Heyes A. A systematic review of the evidence of the burden of bipolar disorder in Europe. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009;5:3.CrossRef
11.
Reinares M, Vieta E, Colom F, Martinez-Aran A, Torrent C, Comes M, Goikolea JM, Benabarre A, Daban C, Sanchez-Moreno J. What really matters to bipolar patients’ caregivers: sources of family burden. J Affect Disord. 2006;94(1–3):157–63.CrossRef
12.
Miller S, Dell'Osso B, Ketter TA. The prevalence and burden of bipolar depression. J Affect Disord. 2014;169(Supplement 1):S3–S11.CrossRef
13.
Kupka R, Goossens P, van Bendegem M, Daemen P, Daggenvoorde T, Daniels M, Dols A, Hillegers MHJ, Hoogelander A, ter Kulve E. Multidisciplinaire richtlijn bipolaire stoornissen. In: Edited by Trimbos-instituut. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom; 2015.
14.
van der Voort TY, van Meijel B, Goossens PJ, Renes J, Beekman AT, Kupka RW. Collaborative care for patients with bipolar disorder: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11(1):133.CrossRef
15.
Slade M. Mental illness and well-being: the central importance of positive psychology and recovery approaches. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10(1):26.CrossRef
16.
Jones S, Mulligan LD, Higginson S, Dunn G, Morrison AP. The bipolar recovery questionnaire: psychometric properties of a quantitative measure of recovery experiences in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2013;147(1):34–43.CrossRef
17.
Fava GA, Ruini C, Belaise C. The concept of recovery in major depression. Psychol Med. 2007;37(3):307–17.CrossRef
18.
Leamy M, Bird V, Le Boutillier C, Williams J, Slade M. Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis. Br J Psychiatry. 2011;199(6):445–52.CrossRef
19.
Anthony WA. Recovery from mental illness: the guiding vision of the mental health service system in the 1990s. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 1993;16(4):11.
20.
Keyes CL. The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life. J Health Soc Behav. 2002;43(2):207–22.CrossRef
21.
Fagiolini A, Kupfer DJ, Masalehdan A, Scott JA, Houck PR, Frank E. Functional impairment in the remission phase of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(3):281–5.CrossRef
22.
Judd LL, Schettler PJ, Akiskal HS, et al. Residual symptom recovery from major affective episodes in bipolar disorders and rapid episode relapse/recurrence. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65(4):386–94.CrossRef
23.
Kaya E, Aydemir Ö, Selcuki D. Residual symptoms in bipolar disorder: the effect of the last episode after remission. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007;31(7):1387–92.CrossRef
24.
Fagiolini A, Forgione R, Maccari M, Cuomo A, Morana B, Dell'Osso MC, Pellegrini F, Rossi A. Prevalence, chronicity, burden and borders of bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2013;148(2–3):161–9.CrossRef
25.
Keyes CL, Dhingra SS, Simoes EJ. Change in level of positive mental health as a predictor of future risk of mental illness. Am J Public Health. 2010;100:2366–71.CrossRef
26.
Lamers SMA, Westerhof GJ, Glas CAW, Bohlmeijer ET. The bidirectional relation between positive mental health and psychopathology in a longitudinal representative panel study. J Posit Psychol. 2015;10(6):553–60.CrossRef
27.
Trompetter HR, de Kleine E, Bohlmeijer ET. Why does positive mental health buffer against psychopathology? An exploratory study on self-compassion as a resilience mechanism and adaptive emotion regulation strategy. Cogn Ther Res. 2017;41(3):459–68.CrossRef
28.
Jones S, Higginson S, Murray C, Morrison AP. Recovery experiences in bipolar disorder. In: Britisch association for behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy annual conference. Manchester, UK; 2010.
29.
Mead S, Copeland ME. What recovery means to us: consumers’ perspectives. Community Ment Health J. 2000;36(3):315–28.CrossRef
30.
Seligman CM. Positive psychology: an introduction. In: Csikszentmihalyi M, editor. Flow and the foundations of positive psychology: the collected works of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. edn. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 279–98.
31.
Sin NL, Lyubomirsky S. Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: a practice-friendly meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol. 2009;65(5):467–87.CrossRef
32.
Resnick SG, Rosenheck RA. Recovery and positive psychology: parallel themes and potential synergies. Psychiatr Serv. 2006;57(1):120–2.CrossRef
33.
Bolier L, Haverman M, Westerhof GJ, Riper H, Smit F, Bohlmeijer E. Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):119.CrossRef
34.
Deckersbach T, Hölzel BK, Eisner LR, Stange JP, Peckham AD, Dougherty DD, Rauch SL, Lazar S, Nierenberg AA. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for nonremitted patients with bipolar disorder. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2012;18(2):133–41.CrossRef
35.
Eisner L, Eddie D, Harley R, Jacobo M, Nierenberg AA, Deckersbach T. Dialectical behavior therapy group skills training for bipolar disorder. Behav Ther. 2017;48(4):557–66.CrossRef
36.
Jones S, Smith G, Mulligan LD, Lobban F, Law H, Dunn G, Welford M, Kelly J, Mulligan J, Morrison AP. Recovery-focused cognitive–behavioural therapy for recent-onset bipolar disorder: randomised controlled pilot trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2015;206(1):58–66.CrossRef
37.
Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IVand ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(20):2233.
38.
Schotanus-Dijkstra M, Drossaert CH, Pieterse ME, Walburg JA, Bohlmeijer ET. Efficacy of a multicomponent positive psychology self-help intervention: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2015;4(3):e105.CrossRef
39.
Schotanus-Dijkstra M, Drossaert CHC, Pieterse ME, Boon B, Walburg JA, Bohlmeijer ET. An early intervention to promote well-being and flourishing and reduce anxiety and depression: a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv. 2017;9(Supplement C):15–24.CrossRef
40.
Seligman: Flourishing. A new understanding of happiness and well-being–and how to achieve them Boston: Nicholas Brealey 2011.
41.
Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;57(6):1069.CrossRef
42.
Meevissen YM, Peters ML, Alberts HJ. Become more optimistic by imagining a best possible self: effects of a two week intervention. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2011;42(3):371–8.CrossRef
43.
Bohlmeijer E, Hulsbergen M: Dit is jouw leven: ervaar de effecten van de positieve psychologie: UItgeverij Boom; 2013.
44.
Gruber J. Can feeling too good be bad? Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2011;20(4):217–21.CrossRef
45.
Gruber J, Harvey AG, Gross JJ. When trying is not enough: emotion regulation and the effort-success gap in bipolar disorder. Emotion. 2012;12(5):997–1003.CrossRef
46.
Phillips ML, Vieta E. Identifying functional neuroimaging biomarkers of bipolar disorder: toward DSM-V. Schizophr Bull. 2007;33(4):893–904.CrossRef
47.
Carl JR, Soskin DP, Kerns C, Barlow DH. Positive emotion regulation in emotional disorders: a theoretical review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2013;33(3):343–60.CrossRef
48.
Edge MD, Miller CJ, Muhtadie L, Johnson SL, Carver CS, Marquinez N, Gotlib IH. People with bipolar I disorder report avoiding rewarding activities and dampening positive emotion. J Affect Disord. 2013;146(3):407–13.CrossRef
49.
Gilbert KE, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Gruber J. Positive emotion dysregulation across mood disorders: how amplifying versus dampening predicts emotional reactivity and illness course. Behav Res Ther. 2013;51(11):736–41.CrossRef
50.
Mansell W, Paszek G, Seal K, Pedley R, Jones S, Thomas N, Mannion H, Saatsi S, Dodd A. Extreme appraisals of internal states in bipolar I disorder: a multiple control group study. Cogn Ther Res. 2011;35(1):87–97.CrossRef
51.
Mansell W, Powell S, Pedley R, Thomas N, Jones SA. The process of recovery from bipolar I disorder: a qualitative analysis of personal accounts in relation to an integrative cognitive model. Br J Clin Psychol. 2010;49(Pt 2):193–215.CrossRef
52.
Alatiq Y, Crane C, Williams J, Goodwin G. Dysfunctional beliefs in bipolar disorder: hypomanic vs. depressive attitudes. J Affect Disord. 2010;122(3):294–300.CrossRef
53.
Dodd AL, Mansell W, Morrison AP, Tai S. Extreme appraisals of internal states and bipolar symptoms: the hypomanic attitudes and positive predictions inventory. Psychol Assess. 2011;23(3):635.CrossRef
54.
Allen AB, Leary MR. Self-compassion, stress, and coping. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2010;4(2):107–18.CrossRef
55.
Leary MR, Tate EB, Adams CE, Batts Allen A, Hancock J. Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events: the implications of treating oneself kindly. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007;92(5):887–904.CrossRef
56.
Barnard LK, Curry JF. Self-compassion: conceptualizations, correlates, & interventions. Rev Gen Psychol. 2011;15(4):289–303.CrossRef
57.
Hergueta T, Weiller E. Evaluating depressive symptoms in hypomanic and manic episodes using a structured diagnostic tool: validation of a new Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) module for the DSM-5′With mixed features’ specifier. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2013;1(1):21.CrossRef
58.
Lamers SMA, Westerhof GJ, Bohlmeijer ET, ten Klooster PM, Keyes CL. Evaluating the psychometric properties of the mental health continuum-short form (MHC-SF). J Clin Psychol. 2011;67(1):99–110.CrossRef
59.
Spearing MK, Post RM, Leverich GS, Brandt D, Nolen W. Modification of the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale for use in bipolar illness (BP): the CGI-BP. Psychiatry Res. 1997;73(3):159–71.CrossRef
60.
Neil ST, Kilbride M, Pitt L, Nothard S, Welford M, Sellwood W, Morrison AP. The questionnaire about the process of recovery (QPR): a measurement tool developed in collaboration with service users. Psychosis. 2009;1(2):145–55.CrossRef
61.
Law H, Neil ST, Dunn G, Morrison AP. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire about the process of recovery (QPR). Schizophr Res. 2014;156(2–3):184–9.CrossRef
62.
Williams J, Leamy M, Pesola F, Bird V, Le Boutillier C, Slade M. Psychometric evaluation of the Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery (QPR). Br J Psychiatry. 2015;207(6):551.CrossRef
63.
Davis AM, Palaganas MP, Badley EM, Gladman DD, Inman RD, Gignac MA. Measuring participation in people with spondyloarthritis using the social role participation questionnaire. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70(10):1765–9.CrossRef
64.
Oude Voshaar M, van Onna M, van Genderen S, van de Laar M, van der Heijde D, Heuft L, Spoorenberg A, Luime J, Gignac M, Boonen A. Development and validation of a short form of the social role participation questionnaire in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol. 2016;43(7):1386–92.CrossRef
65.
Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Ibrahim HM, Carmody TJ, Arnow B, Klein DN, Markowitz JC, Ninan PT, Kornstein S, Manber R, et al. The 16-item quick inventory of depressive symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(5):573–83.CrossRef
66.
Wardenaar KJ, van Veen T, Giltay EJ, den Hollander-Gijsman M, Penninx BWJH, Zitman FG. The structure and dimensionality of the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report (IDS-SR) in patients with depressive disorders and healthy controls. J Affect Disord. 2010;125(1):146–54.CrossRef
67.
Altman EG, Hedeker D, Peterson JL, Davis JM. The Altman self-rating mania scale. Biol Psychiatry. 1997;42(10):948–55.CrossRef
68.
Altman E, Hedeker D, Peterson JL, Davis JM. A comparative evaluation of three self-rating scales for acute mania. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;50(6):468–71.CrossRef
69.
Meyer B, Beevers CG, Johnson SL. Goal appraisals and vulnerability to bipolar disorder: a personal projects analysis. Cogn Ther Res. 2004;28(2):173–82.CrossRef
70.
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361–70.CrossRef
71.
Spinhoven P, Ormel J, Sloekers P, Kempen G, Speckens A, Van Hemert A. A validation study of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in different groups of Dutch subjects. Psychol Med. 1997;27(2):363–70.CrossRef
72.
Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(6):1063.CrossRef
73.
Engelen U, De Peuter S, Victoir A, Van Diest I, Van den Bergh O. Verdere validering van de Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) en vergelijking van twee Nederlandstalige versies. Gedrag en gezondheid. 2006;34(2):61–70.
74.
Raes F, Pommier E, Neff KD, Van Gucht D. Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the self-compassion scale. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011;18(3):250–5.CrossRef
75.
Neff KD. The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self Identity. 2003;2(3):223–50.CrossRef
76.
Ryff CD, Keyes CLM. The structure of psychological well-being revisited. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995;69(4):719.CrossRef
77.
Van Dierendonck D. The construct validity of Ryff's scales of psychological well-being and its extension with spiritual well-being. Personal Individ Differ. 2004;36(3):629–43.CrossRef
78.
Raes F, Daems K, Feldman G, Johnson S, Van Gucht D. A psychometric evaluation of the Dutch version of the responses to positive affect questionnaire. Psychologica Belgica. 2010;49(4):293–310.CrossRef
79.
Feldman G, Joormann J, Johnson S. Responses to positive affect: a self-report measure of rumination and dampening. Cogn Ther Res. 2008;32(4):507.CrossRef
80.
Denicoff KD, Leverich GS, Nolen WA, Rush AJ, McElroy SL, Keck PE, Suppes T, Altshuler LL, Kupka R, Frye MA, et al. Validation of the prospective NIMH-Life-Chart Method (NIMH-LCM-p) for longitudinal assessment of bipolar illness. Psychol Med. 2000;30(6):1391–7.CrossRef
81.
Herdman M, Gudex C, Lloyd A, Janssen M, Kind P, Parkin D, Bonsel G, Badia X. Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Qual Life Res. 2011;20(10):1727–36.CrossRef
82.
Bouwmans C, De Jong K, Timman R, Zijlstra-Vlasveld M, Van der Feltz-Cornelis C, Tan SS, Hakkaart-van Roijen L. Feasibility, reliability and validity of a questionnaire on healthcare consumption and productivity loss in patients with a psychiatric disorder (TiC-P). BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13(1):217.CrossRef
83.
Chan A-W, Tetzlaff JM, Gøtzsche PC, Altman DG, Mann H, Berlin JA, Dickersin K, Hróbjartsson A, Schulz KF, Parulekar WR, et al. SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials. BMJ. 2013;346:e7586.CrossRef
84.
Chalkidou K, Tunis S, Whicher D, Fowler R, Zwarenstein M. The role for pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) in comparative effectiveness research. Clin Trials. 2012;9(4):436–46.CrossRef
85.
86.
Gilbert P. An introduction to compassion focused therapy in cognitive behavior therapy. Int J Cognit Ther. 2010;3(2):97–112.CrossRef
87.
Neff K. Self-compassion: an alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self Identity. 2003;2(2):85–101.CrossRef
88.
Neff KD, Germer CK. A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self-compassion program. J Clin Psychol. 2013;69(1):28–44.CrossRef
89.
Peters ML, Flink IK, Boersma K, Linton SJ. Manipulating optimism: can imagining a best possible self be used to increase positive future expectancies? J Posit Psychol. 2010;5(3):204–11.CrossRef
90.
Fredrickson BL. Positive emotions broaden and build. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 2013;47(1):53.
91.
Lyubomirsky S, Layous K. How do simple positive activities increase well-being? Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2013;22(1):57–62.CrossRef
92.
Linley PA, Nielsen KM, Gillett R, Biswas-Diener R. Using signature strengths in pursuit of goals: effects on goal progress, need satisfaction, and well-being, and implications for coaching psychologists. Int Coach Psychol Rev. 2010;5(1):6–15.
93.
Wood AM, Linley PA, Maltby J, Kashdan TB, Hurling R. Using personal and psychological strengths leads to increases in well-being over time: a longitudinal study and the development of the strengths use questionnaire. Personal Individ Differ. 2011;50(1):15–9.CrossRef
94.
Otake K, Shimai S, Tanaka-Matsumi J, Otsui K, Fredrickson BL. Happy people become happier through kindness: a counting kindnesses intervention. J Happiness Stud. 2006;7(3):361–75.CrossRef
95.
96.
Reis HT, Smith SM, Carmichael CL, Caprariello PA, Tsai F-F, Rodrigues A, Maniaci MR. Are you happy for me? How sharing positive events with others provides personal and interpersonal benefits. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010;99(2):311.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
B-positive: a randomized controlled trial of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention for euthymic patients with bipolar disorder - study protocol and intervention development
Authors
Jannis T. Kraiss
Peter M. ten Klooster
Melissa Chrispijn
Hester R. Trompetter
Anja W.M.M. Stevens
Erica Neutel
Ralph W. Kupka
Ernst T. Bohlmeijer
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1916-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

BMC Psychiatry 1/2018 Go to the issue

Study protocol

Evaluation of a multimodal school-based depression and suicide prevention program among Dutch adolescents: design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Research article

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder and depression following violence related injury treated at the emergency department: a systematic review

Research article

Prevalence of acute stress disorder among road traffic accident survivors: a meta-analysis

Research article

The risks, needs and stages of recovery of a complete forensic patient cohort in an Australian state

Research article

Factors associated with mental health consultation in South Korea

Research article

Attempted suicide of ethnic minority girls with a Caribbean and Cape Verdean background: rates and risk factors