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BMC Pediatrics
Published in: BMC Pediatrics 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

Caffeine is a risk factor for osteopenia of prematurity in preterm infants: a cohort study

Authors: Ebtihal Ali, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Michael Moffatt, Michael Narvey, Martin Reed, Depeng Jiang

Published in: BMC Pediatrics | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Caffeine, the most commonly used medication in Neonatal Intensive Care Units, has calciuric and osteoclastogenic effects.

Methods

To examine the association between the cumulative dose and duration of therapy of caffeine and osteopenia of prematurity, a retrospective cohort study was conducted including premature infants less than 31 weeks and birth weight less than 1500 g. Osteopenia of prematurity was evaluated using chest X-rays on a biweekly basis over 12 weeks of hospitalization.

Results

The cohort included 109 infants. 51% had osteopenia of prematurity and 8% had spontaneous rib fractures. Using the generalized linear mixed model, caffeine dose and duration of caffeine therapy showed a strong association with osteopenia of prematurity. Steroids and vitamin D were also significantly correlated with osteopenia of prematurity while diuretic use did not show a statistically significant effect.

Conclusion

The cumulative dose and duration of therapy of caffeine, as well as steroid are associated with osteopenia of prematurity in this cohort. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the lowest dose of caffeine needed to treat effectively apnea of prematurity.
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Metadata
Title
Caffeine is a risk factor for osteopenia of prematurity in preterm infants: a cohort study
Authors
Ebtihal Ali
Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg
Michael Moffatt
Michael Narvey
Martin Reed
Depeng Jiang
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Pediatrics / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2431
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0978-6

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