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BMC Pediatrics
Published in: BMC Pediatrics 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research article

Immunization interventions to interrupt hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Authors: Hui Jin, Yueyuan Zhao, Zhaoying Tan, Xuefeng Zhang, Yaoyun Zhao, Bei Wang, Pei Liu

Published in: BMC Pediatrics | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of various immune interventions on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Methods

We retrieved different immune strategies on how to prevent MTCT reported in the literature from Chinese and English electronic databases from the viewpoint of intrauterine and extrauterine prevention. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) methods were used.

Results

Twenty-five articles on intrauterine prevention and 16 on extrauterine prevention were included in the analysis. Intrauterine prevention could reduce infants’ HBV infection rate (RR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.28-0.45) and increase their anti-hepatitis B surface–positive rate (RR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.46-4.01) at birth. Compared with passive immunization, passive-active immunization could reduce infants’ HBV infection rate (RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.84) at birth, even at more than 12 months of age (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.42-0.69). Subgroup analysis demonstrated similar results except for pregnant women who were hepatitis B surface antigen–positive. Funnel plots and Egger’s tests showed publication bias mainly in intrauterine prevention not in extrauterine one.

Conclusions

The long-term protective effect of pregnant women injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin during pregnancy should be further validated by large-scale randomized trials. Newborns of pregnant women who carried HBV should undergo a passive-active immunization strategy.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Immunization interventions to interrupt hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors
Hui Jin
Yueyuan Zhao
Zhaoying Tan
Xuefeng Zhang
Yaoyun Zhao
Bei Wang
Pei Liu
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Pediatrics / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2431
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-014-0307-2

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