Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Ophthalmology
Published in: BMC Ophthalmology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

A quantitative analysis method for comitant exotropia using video-oculography with alternate cover

Authors: Nohae Park, Byunggun Park, Minkyung Oh, Sunghyuk Moon, Myungmi Kim

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a quantitative analysis method for comitant exotropia using video-oculography (VOG) with alternate cover.

Methods

Thirty-four subjects with comitant exotropia were included. Two independent ophthalmologists measured the angle of ocular deviation using the alternate prism cover test (APCT). The video files and data of changes in ocular deviation during the alternate cover test were obtained using VOG. To verify the accuracy of VOG, the value obtained using VOG and the angle of a rotating model eye were compared, and a new linear equation was subsequently derived using these data. The calculated values obtained using VOG were compared with those obtained using the APCT.

Results

Rotation of the model eye and the values obtained using VOG demonstrated excellent positive correlation (R = 1.000; p < 0.001). A simple linear regression model was obtained: rotation of the model eye = 0.978 × value obtained using VOG for a model eye – 0.549. The 95% limit of agreement for inter-observer variability was ±4.63 prism diopters (PD) for APCT and that for test-retest variability was ±3.56 PD for the VOG test. The results of APCT and calculated VOG test demonstrated a strong positive correlation. Bland-Altman plots revealed no overall tendency for the calculated values obtained from VOG to differ from those obtained using APCT.

Conclusions

VOG with alternate cover is a non-invasive and accurate tool for quantitatively measuring and recording ocular deviation. In particular, it is independent of the proficiency of the examiner and, can therefore, be useful in the absence of skilled personnel.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03119311, Date of registration: 04/17/2017, Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: 04/25/2017.
Literature
1.
Choi RY, Kushner BJ. The accuracy of experienced strabismologists using the Hirschberg and Krimsky tests. Ophthalmology. 1998;105:1301–6.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Yang HK, Han SB, Hwang JM, Kim YJ, Jeong CB, Kim KG. Assessment of binocular alignment using the three-dimensional strabismus photo analyzer. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96:78–82.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Yang HK, Seo JM, Hwang JM, Kim KG. Automated analysis of binocular alignment using an infrared camera and selective wavelength filter. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:2733–7.CrossRefPubMed
4.
von Noorden GK. Binocular vision and ocular motility: Theory and Management of Strabismus, 6. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.
5.
Quick MW, Boothe RG. A photographic technique for measuring horizontal and vertical eye alignment throughout the field of gaze. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:234–46.PubMed
6.
Houben MM, Goumans J, van der Steen J. Recording three-dimensional eye movements: scleral search coils versus video oculography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:179–87.CrossRefPubMed
7.
van der Geest JN, Frens MA. Recording eye movements with video-oculography and scleral search coils: a direct comparison of two methods. J Neurosci Methods. 2002;114:185–95.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Laria C, Pinero DP. Evaluation of binocular vision therapy efficacy by 3d video-oculography measurement of binocular alignment and motility. Binocul Vis Strabolog Q Simms Romano. 2013;28:136–45.PubMed
9.
Hirota M, Kanda H, Endo T, Lohmann TK, Miyoshi T, Morimoto T, Fujikado T. Relationship between reading performance and saccadic disconjugacy in patients with convergence insufficiency type intermittent exotropia. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2016;60:326–32.CrossRefPubMed
10.
11.
Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group. Interobserver reliability of the prism and alternate cover test in children with esotropia. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:59–65.CrossRefPubMedCentral
12.
Holmes JM, Leske DA, Hohberger GG. Defining real change in prism-cover test measurements. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;145:381–5.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Hrynchak PK, Herriot C, Irving EL. Comparison of alternate cover test reliability at near in non-strabismus between experienced and novice examiners. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2010;30:304–9.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Brodie SE. Photographic calibration of the Hirschberg test. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987;28:736–42.PubMed
15.
Miller JM, Mellinger M, Greivenkemp J, Simons K. Videographic Hirschberg measurement of simulated strabismic deviations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993;34:3220–9.PubMed
16.
Hasebe S, Ohtsuki H, Tadokoro Y, Okano M, Furuse T. The reliability of a video-enhanced Hirschberg test under clinical conditions. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:2678–85.PubMed
17.
Yang HK, Hwang JM. The effect of target size and accommodation on the distant angle of deviation in intermittent exotropia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151:907–13. e901CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
A quantitative analysis method for comitant exotropia using video-oculography with alternate cover
Authors
Nohae Park
Byunggun Park
Minkyung Oh
Sunghyuk Moon
Myungmi Kim
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-018-0747-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

BMC Ophthalmology 1/2018 Go to the issue

Case report

Extraocular muscle repositioning as the last therapeutic option for a patient with a severe course of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: a case report

Research article

Development of macular retinoschisis long after the onset of retinal arterial occlusion (RAO): a retrospective study

Research article

Low prevalence of myopia among school children in rural China

Research article

Application of biodegradable collagen matrix (Ologen™) implants in Dacryocystorhinostomy surgeries, a randomized clinical study

Research article

Comparative evaluation of refractive outcomes after implantation of two types of intraocular lenses with different diopter intervals (0.25 diopter versus 0.50 diopter)

Research article

A systematic study on the prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in China