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Open Access 01-12-2019 | Metastasis | Technical advance

Establishment of a rat ovarian peritoneal metastasis model to study pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC)

Authors: Leen Van de Sande, Wouter Willaert, Sarah Cosyns, Kaat De Clercq, Molood Shariati, Katrien Remaut, Wim Ceelen

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2019

Abstract

Background

pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC), with or without electrostatic precipitation (ePIPAC), was recently introduced in the treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM) from ovarian cancer (OC). Preliminary clinical data are promising, but several methodological issues as well the anticancer efficacy of PIPAC remain unaddressed. Here, we propose a rat ePIPAC model that allows to study these issues in a clinically relevant, reproducible, and high throughput model.

Methods

laparoscopy and PIPAC were established in healthy Wistar rats. Aerosol properties were measured using laser diffraction spectrometry based granulometric analyses. Electrostatic precipitation was accomplished using a commercially available generator (Ultravision™). A xenograft model of ovarian PM was created in athymic rats using intraperitoneal (IP) injection of SKOV-3 luciferase positive cells. Tumor growth was monitored weekly by in vivo bioluminescence imaging.

Results

PIPAC and electrostatic precipitation were well tolerated using a capnoperitoneum of 8 mmHg. All rats survived the (e)PIPAC procedure and no gas or aerosol leakage was observed over the entire procedure. With an injection pressure of 20 bar, granulometry showed a mean droplet diameter (D(v,0.5)) of 47 μm with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/s, and a significantly lower diameter (30 μm) when a flow rate of 0.8 mL/s was used. Experiments using IP injection of SKOV-3 luciferase positive cells showed that after IP injection of 20 × 10⁶ cells, miliary PM was observed in all animals. PIPAC was feasible and well supported in these tumor bearing animals.

Conclusions

we propose a reproducible and efficient rodent model to study PIPAC and ePIPAC in OC xenografts with widespread PM. This model allows to characterize and optimize pharmacokinetic and biophysical parameters, and to evaluate the anti-cancer efficacy of (e)PIPAC treatment.

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Title: Establishment of a rat ovarian peritoneal metastasis model to study pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Leen Van de Sande
Wouter Willaert
Sarah Cosyns
Kaat De Clercq
Molood Shariati
Katrien Remaut
Wim Ceelen
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Metastasis
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Cytostatic Therapy
Published in: BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5658-5

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