Published in:
01-12-2020 | SARS-CoV-2 | Research article
The first consecutive 5000 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 from Qatar; a nation-wide cohort study
Authors:
Ali S. Omrani, Muna A. Almaslamani, Joanne Daghfal, Rand A. Alattar, Mohamed Elgara, Shahd H. Shaar, Tawheeda B. H. Ibrahim, Ahmed Zaqout, Dana Bakdach, Abdelrauof M. Akkari, Anas Baiou, Bassem Alhariri, Reem Elajez, Ahmed A. M. Husain, Mohamed N. Badawi, Fatma Ben Abid, Sulieman H. Abu Jarir, Shiema Abdalla, Anvar Kaleeckal, Kris Choda, Venkateswara R. Chinta, Mohamed A. Sherbash, Khalil Al-Ismail, Mohammed Abukhattab, Ali Ait Hssain, Peter V. Coyle, Roberto Bertollini, Michael P. Frenneaux, Abdullatif Alkhal, Hanan M. Al-Kuwari
Published in:
BMC Infectious Diseases
|
Issue 1/2020
Login to get access
Abstract
Background
There are limited data on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes at a national level, and none after 60 days of follow up. The aim of this study was to describe national, 60-day all-cause mortality associated with COVID-19, and to identify risk factors associated with admission to an intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study including the first consecutive 5000 patients with COVID-19 in Qatar who completed 60 days of follow up by June 17, 2020. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 60 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. In addition, we explored risk factors for admission to ICU.
Results
Included patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 28 and April 17, 2020. The majority (4436, 88.7%) were males and the median age was 35 years [interquartile range (IQR) 28–43]. By 60 days after COVID-19 diagnosis, 14 patients (0.28%) had died, 10 (0.2%) were still in hospital, and two (0.04%) were still in ICU. Fatal COVID-19 cases had a median age of 59.5 years (IQR 55.8–68), and were mostly males (13, 92.9%). All included pregnant women (26, 0.5%), children (131, 2.6%), and healthcare workers (135, 2.7%) were alive and not hospitalized at the end of follow up.
A total of 1424 patients (28.5%) required hospitalization, out of which 108 (7.6%) were admitted to ICU. Most frequent co-morbidities in hospitalized adults were diabetes (23.2%), and hypertension (20.7%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that older age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.041, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.022–1.061 per year increase; P < 0.001], male sex (aOR 4.375, 95% CI 1.964–9.744; P < 0.001), diabetes (aOR 1.698, 95% CI 1.050–2.746; P 0.031), chronic kidney disease (aOR 3.590, 95% CI 1.596–8.079, P 0.002), and higher BMI (aOR 1.067, 95% CI 1.027–1.108 per unit increase; P 0.001), were all independently associated with increased risk of ICU admission.
Conclusions
In a relatively younger national cohort with a low co-morbidity burden, COVID-19 was associated with low all-cause mortality. Independent risk factors for ICU admission included older age, male sex, higher BMI, and co-existing diabetes or chronic kidney disease.