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BMC Geriatrics

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Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Dynapenic obesity and the effect on long-term physical function and quality of life: data from the osteoarthritis initiative

Authors: John A. Batsis, Alicia J. Zbehlik, Dawna Pidgeon, Stephen J. Bartels

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2015

Abstract

Background

Obesity is associated with functional impairment, institutionalization, and increased mortality risk in elders. Dynapenia is defined as reduced muscle strength and is a known independent predictor of adverse events and disability. The synergy between dynapenia and obesity leads to worse outcomes than either independently. We identified the impact of dynapenic obesity in a cohort at risk for and with knee osteoarthritis on function.

Methods

We identified adults aged ≥ 60 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m². Dynapenia was classified using the lowest sex-specific tertile of knee extensor strength. Participants were grouped according to obesity and knee strength: dynapenic obesity; dynapenia without obesity; obesity without dynapenia; and no dynapenia nor obesity. Four-year data was available. Self-reported activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed at follow-up. Outcomes of gait speed, 400 m walk distance, Late-life Disability and Function Index (LLFDI), and Short-Form (SF)-12 were analyzed using mixed effects and logistic regression models.

Results

Of 2025 subjects (56.3 % female), mean age was 68.2 years and 182 (24.1 %) had dynapenic obesity. Dynapenic obesity was associated with reduced gait speed, LLFDI-limitations, and SF-12 physical score in both sexes and in the 400 m walk in men only (all p < 0.001). A time*group interaction was significant for dynapenic obese men in the 400 m walk distance only. Odds of ADL limitations in dynapenic obesity was OR 2.23 [1.42:3.50], in dynapenia 0.98 [0.66:1.46], and in obesity 1.98 [1.39:2.80] in males. In females, odds were 2.45 [1.63:3.68], 1.60 [1.15:2.22], and 1.47 [1.06:2.04] respectively.

Conclusion

Dynapenic obesity may be a risk factor for functional decline suggesting the need to target subjects with low knee strength and obesity.

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Title: Dynapenic obesity and the effect on long-term physical function and quality of life: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: John A. Batsis
Alicia J. Zbehlik
Dawna Pidgeon
Stephen J. Bartels
Publication date: 01-12-2015
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-015-0118-9

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