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BMC Medical Research Methodology
Published in: BMC Medical Research Methodology 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Joint modelling of time-to-event and multivariate longitudinal outcomes: recent developments and issues

Authors: Graeme L. Hickey, Pete Philipson, Andrea Jorgensen, Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona

Published in: BMC Medical Research Methodology | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Available methods for the joint modelling of longitudinal and time-to-event outcomes have typically only allowed for a single longitudinal outcome and a solitary event time. In practice, clinical studies are likely to record multiple longitudinal outcomes. Incorporating all sources of data will improve the predictive capability of any model and lead to more informative inferences for the purpose of medical decision-making.

Methods

We reviewed current methodologies of joint modelling for time-to-event data and multivariate longitudinal data including the distributional and modelling assumptions, the association structures, estimation approaches, software tools for implementation and clinical applications of the methodologies.

Results

We found that a large number of different models have recently been proposed. Most considered jointly modelling linear mixed models with proportional hazard models, with correlation between multiple longitudinal outcomes accounted for through multivariate normally distributed random effects. So-called current value and random effects parameterisations are commonly used to link the models. Despite developments, software is still lacking, which has translated into limited uptake by medical researchers.

Conclusion

Although, in an era of personalized medicine, the value of multivariate joint modelling has been established, researchers are currently limited in their ability to fit these models routinely. We make a series of recommendations for future research needs.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Joint modelling of time-to-event and multivariate longitudinal outcomes: recent developments and issues
Authors
Graeme L. Hickey
Pete Philipson
Andrea Jorgensen
Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medical Research Methodology / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2288
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-016-0212-5

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