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Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Published in: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Allergic Rhinitis | Research article

Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2–4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China

Authors: Shuai Hao, Fang Yuan, Pai Pang, Bo Yang, Xuejun Jiang, Aihui Yan

Published in: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

Few studies have explored the modifications by family stress and male gender in the relationship between early exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and allergic rhinitis (AR) risk in preschool children.

Methods

We conducted a case-control study of 388 children aged 2–4 years in Shenyang, China. These children AR were diagnosed by clinicians. By using measured concentrations from monitoring stations, we estimated the exposures of particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in preschool children aged 2–4 years. After adjusted potential confounding factors, we used logistic regression model to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for childhood AR with exposure to different air pollutants according to the increasing of the interquartile range (IQR) in the exposure level.

Results

The prevalence of AR in children aged 2–4 years (6.4%) was related to early TRAP exposure. With an IQR (20 μg/m3) increase in PM10 levels, an adjusted OR was significantly elevated by 1.70 (95% CI, 1.19 to 2.66). Also, with an IQR (18 μg/m3) increase in NO2, an elevated adjusted OR was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.52 to 3.18). Among children with family stress and boys, PM10 and NO2 were positively related to AR symptoms. No significant association was found among children without family stress and girls.

Conclusions

Family stress and male gender may increase the risk of AR in preschool children with early exposure to PM10 and NO2.
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Metadata
Title
Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2–4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China
Authors
Shuai Hao
Fang Yuan
Pai Pang
Bo Yang
Xuejun Jiang
Aihui Yan
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1342-078X
Electronic ISSN: 1347-4715
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-021-00969-7

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