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Breast Cancer Research
Published in: Breast Cancer Research 6/2005

Open Access 01-12-2005 | Research article

XRCC1 and XPDgenetic polymorphisms, smoking and breast cancer risk in a Finnish case-control study

Authors: Katja Metsola, Vesa Kataja, Pia Sillanpää, Päivi Siivola, Liisa Heikinheimo, Matti Eskelinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Matti Uusitupa, Ari Hirvonen

Published in: Breast Cancer Research | Issue 6/2005

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Abstract

Introduction

It has been suggested that individuals with reduced DNA repair capacities might have increased susceptibility to environmentally induced cancer. In this study, we evaluated if polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XRCC1 (Arg280His, Arg399Gln) and XPD (Lys751Gln) modify individual breast cancer risk, with emphasis on tobacco smoking.

Methods

The study population consisted of 483 incident breast cancer cases and 482 population controls of Finnish Caucasian origin. The genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP-based methods. Odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression analyses.

Results

No statistically significant overall effect in the breast cancer risk was seen for any of the studied polymorphisms. However, a significant increase in breast cancer risk was seen among ever smoking women if they carried at least one XRCC1-399 Gln allele (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.30–4.19, pint 0.025) or XPD-751 Gln/Gln genotype (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.27–5.03, pint 0.011) compared to smoking women not carrying these genotypes. The risks were found to be confined to women smoking at least five pack-years; the respective ORs were 4.14 (95% CI 1.66–10.3) and 4.41 (95% CI 1.62–12.0). Moreover, a significant trend of increasing risk with increasing number of the putative at-risk genotypes (p for trend 0.042) was seen. Women with at least two at-risk genotypes had an OR of 1.54 (95% CI 1.00–2.41) compared to women with no at-risk genotypes. Even higher estimates were seen for ever actively smoking women with at least two at-risk genotypes.

Conclusion

Our results do not indicate a major role for XRCC1 and XPD polymorphisms in breast cancer susceptibility, but suggest that they may modify the risk especially among smoking women.
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Metadata
Title
XRCC1 and XPDgenetic polymorphisms, smoking and breast cancer risk in a Finnish case-control study
Authors
Katja Metsola
Vesa Kataja
Pia Sillanpää
Päivi Siivola
Liisa Heikinheimo
Matti Eskelinen
Veli-Matti Kosma
Matti Uusitupa
Ari Hirvonen
Publication date
01-12-2005
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Breast Cancer Research / Issue 6/2005
Electronic ISSN: 1465-542X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr1333

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