Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy 4/2010

01-08-2010 | Review

Rationale of using different biological therapies in rheumatoid arthritis

Authors: Matthias Geyer, Ulf Müller-Ladner

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 4/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Due to ongoing developments of novel agents in the field of biological pharmacotherapy, there are now more arrows available in clinicians' quivers for the treatment of rheumatic conditions. As a consequence, however, clear treatment strategies have to be defined in order to guarantee a qualitatively high and individually stage-adapted, state-of-the-art regimen for affected patients. This review summarizes recent evidence regarding the rationale of using different biological therapies to treat rheumatoid arthritis, the most common inflammatory joint disorder after activated osteoarthritis, and draws an actual picture of a possible standardized therapeutic algorithm without claiming exclusive appropriateness.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Wollenhaupt J, Alten R, Backhaus M, Baerwald C, Braun J, Burkhardt H, Gaubitz M, Gromnica-Ihle E, Kellner H, Kuipers J, Lorenz H-M, Manger B, Müller-Ladner U, Nüßlein HG, Pott H-G, Rubbert-Roth A, Schneider M, Specker C, Tony H-P, Krüger K: Recommendations for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a German consensus conference: update 2009. Akt Rheumatol. 2009, 34: 234-239. 10.1055/s-0029-1220906.CrossRef Wollenhaupt J, Alten R, Backhaus M, Baerwald C, Braun J, Burkhardt H, Gaubitz M, Gromnica-Ihle E, Kellner H, Kuipers J, Lorenz H-M, Manger B, Müller-Ladner U, Nüßlein HG, Pott H-G, Rubbert-Roth A, Schneider M, Specker C, Tony H-P, Krüger K: Recommendations for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a German consensus conference: update 2009. Akt Rheumatol. 2009, 34: 234-239. 10.1055/s-0029-1220906.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Smolen JS, Aletaha D, Bijlsma JW, Breedveld FC, Boumpas D, Burmester G, Combe B, Cutolo M, de Wit M, Dougados M, Emery P, Gibofsky A, Gomez-Reino JJ, Haraoui B, Kalden J, Keystone EC, Kvien TK, McInnes I, Martin-Mola E, Montecucco C, Schoels M, van der Heijde D, T2T Expert Committee: Treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: recommendations of an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 631-637. 10.1136/ard.2009.123919.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Smolen JS, Aletaha D, Bijlsma JW, Breedveld FC, Boumpas D, Burmester G, Combe B, Cutolo M, de Wit M, Dougados M, Emery P, Gibofsky A, Gomez-Reino JJ, Haraoui B, Kalden J, Keystone EC, Kvien TK, McInnes I, Martin-Mola E, Montecucco C, Schoels M, van der Heijde D, T2T Expert Committee: Treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: recommendations of an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 631-637. 10.1136/ard.2009.123919.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Rodnan GP, Benedek TG: The early history of antirheumatic drugs. Arthritis Rheum. 1970, 13: 145-165. 10.1002/art.1780130207.CrossRefPubMed Rodnan GP, Benedek TG: The early history of antirheumatic drugs. Arthritis Rheum. 1970, 13: 145-165. 10.1002/art.1780130207.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Andreas K, Haupl T, Lubke C, Ringe J, Morawietz L, Wachtel A, Sittinger M, Kaps C: Antirheumatic drug response signatures in human chondrocytes: potential molecular targets to stimulate cartilage regeneration. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009, 11: R15-10.1186/ar2605.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Andreas K, Haupl T, Lubke C, Ringe J, Morawietz L, Wachtel A, Sittinger M, Kaps C: Antirheumatic drug response signatures in human chondrocytes: potential molecular targets to stimulate cartilage regeneration. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009, 11: R15-10.1186/ar2605.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Molenaar ET, Voskuyl AE, Dinant HJ, Bezemer PD, Boers M, Dijkmans BA: Progression of radiologic damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 36-42. 10.1002/art.11481.CrossRefPubMed Molenaar ET, Voskuyl AE, Dinant HJ, Bezemer PD, Boers M, Dijkmans BA: Progression of radiologic damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 36-42. 10.1002/art.11481.CrossRefPubMed
6.
7.
go back to reference van der Helm-van Mil AH, le Cessie S, van Dongen H, Breedveld FC, Toes RE, Huizinga TW: A prediction rule for disease outcome in patients with recent-onset undifferentiated arthritis: how to guide individual treatment decisions. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 433-440. 10.1002/art.22380.CrossRef van der Helm-van Mil AH, le Cessie S, van Dongen H, Breedveld FC, Toes RE, Huizinga TW: A prediction rule for disease outcome in patients with recent-onset undifferentiated arthritis: how to guide individual treatment decisions. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 433-440. 10.1002/art.22380.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Furst DE, Keystone EC, Fleischmann R, Mease P, Breedveld FC, Smolen JS, Kalden JR, Braun J, Bresnihan B, Burmester GR, De Benedetti F, Dörner T, Emery P, Gibofsky A, Kavanaugh A, Kirkham B, Schiff MH, Sieper J, Singer N, Van Riel PL, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, Winthrop K: Updated consensus statement on biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, 2009. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69 (Suppl 1): i2-29. 10.1136/ard.2009.123885.CrossRefPubMed Furst DE, Keystone EC, Fleischmann R, Mease P, Breedveld FC, Smolen JS, Kalden JR, Braun J, Bresnihan B, Burmester GR, De Benedetti F, Dörner T, Emery P, Gibofsky A, Kavanaugh A, Kirkham B, Schiff MH, Sieper J, Singer N, Van Riel PL, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, Winthrop K: Updated consensus statement on biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, 2009. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69 (Suppl 1): i2-29. 10.1136/ard.2009.123885.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference van de Putte LB, Atkins C, Malaise M, Sany J, Russell AS, van Riel PL, Settas L, Bijlsma JW, Todesco S, Dougados M, Nash P, Emery P, Walter N, Kaul M, Fischkoff S, Kupper H: Efficacy and safety of adalimumab as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom previous disease modifying antirheumatic drug treatment has failed. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004, 63: 508-516. 10.1136/ard.2003.013052.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed van de Putte LB, Atkins C, Malaise M, Sany J, Russell AS, van Riel PL, Settas L, Bijlsma JW, Todesco S, Dougados M, Nash P, Emery P, Walter N, Kaul M, Fischkoff S, Kupper H: Efficacy and safety of adalimumab as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom previous disease modifying antirheumatic drug treatment has failed. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004, 63: 508-516. 10.1136/ard.2003.013052.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Breedveld FC, Weisman MH, Kavanaugh AF, Cohen SB, Pavelka K, van Vollenhoven R, Sharp J, Perez JL, Spencer-Green GT: The PREMIER study: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of combination therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate versus methotrexate alone or adalimumab alone in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis who had not had previous methotrexate treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 26-37. 10.1002/art.21519.CrossRefPubMed Breedveld FC, Weisman MH, Kavanaugh AF, Cohen SB, Pavelka K, van Vollenhoven R, Sharp J, Perez JL, Spencer-Green GT: The PREMIER study: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of combination therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate versus methotrexate alone or adalimumab alone in patients with early, aggressive rheumatoid arthritis who had not had previous methotrexate treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 26-37. 10.1002/art.21519.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Klareskog L, van der Heijde D, de Jager JP, Gough A, Kalden J, Malaise M, Martín Mola E, Pavelka K, Sany J, Settas L, Wajdula J, Pedersen R, Fatenejad S, Sanda M, TEMPO (Trial of Etanercept and Methotrexate with Radiographic Patient Outcomes) study investigators: Therapeutic effect of the combination of etanercept and methotrexate compared with each treatment alone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004, 363: 675-681. 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15640-7.CrossRefPubMed Klareskog L, van der Heijde D, de Jager JP, Gough A, Kalden J, Malaise M, Martín Mola E, Pavelka K, Sany J, Settas L, Wajdula J, Pedersen R, Fatenejad S, Sanda M, TEMPO (Trial of Etanercept and Methotrexate with Radiographic Patient Outcomes) study investigators: Therapeutic effect of the combination of etanercept and methotrexate compared with each treatment alone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004, 363: 675-681. 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15640-7.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference van Vollenhoven RF, Ernestam S, Geborek P, Petersson IF, Cöster L, Waltbrand E, Zickert A, Theander J, Thörner A, Hellström H, Teleman A, Dackhammar C, Akre F, Forslind K, Ljung L, Oding R, Chatzidionysiou A, Wörnert M, Bratt J: Addition of infliximab compared with addition of sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine to methotrexate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (Swefot trial): 1-year results of a randomised trial. Lancet. 2009, 374: 459-466. 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60944-2.CrossRefPubMed van Vollenhoven RF, Ernestam S, Geborek P, Petersson IF, Cöster L, Waltbrand E, Zickert A, Theander J, Thörner A, Hellström H, Teleman A, Dackhammar C, Akre F, Forslind K, Ljung L, Oding R, Chatzidionysiou A, Wörnert M, Bratt J: Addition of infliximab compared with addition of sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine to methotrexate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (Swefot trial): 1-year results of a randomised trial. Lancet. 2009, 374: 459-466. 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60944-2.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference van den Bemt BJ, den Broeder AA, Snijders GF, Hekster YA, van Riel PL, Benraad B, Wolbink GJ, van den Hoogen FH: Sustained effect after lowering high-dose infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective dose titration study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1697-1701. 10.1136/ard.2007.083683.CrossRefPubMed van den Bemt BJ, den Broeder AA, Snijders GF, Hekster YA, van Riel PL, Benraad B, Wolbink GJ, van den Hoogen FH: Sustained effect after lowering high-dose infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective dose titration study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1697-1701. 10.1136/ard.2007.083683.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Smolen JS, Kay J, Doyle MK, Landewé R, Matteson EL, Wollenhaupt J, Gaylis N, Murphy FT, Neal JS, Zhou Y, Visvanathan S, Hsia EC, Rahman MU, GO-AFTER study investigators: Golimumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (GO-AFTER study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial. Lancet. 2009, 374: 210-221. 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60506-7.CrossRefPubMed Smolen JS, Kay J, Doyle MK, Landewé R, Matteson EL, Wollenhaupt J, Gaylis N, Murphy FT, Neal JS, Zhou Y, Visvanathan S, Hsia EC, Rahman MU, GO-AFTER study investigators: Golimumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (GO-AFTER study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial. Lancet. 2009, 374: 210-221. 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60506-7.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Keystone E: Recent concepts in the inhibition of radiographic progression with biologics. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009, 21: 231-237. 10.1097/BOR.0b013e328329f84f.CrossRefPubMed Keystone E: Recent concepts in the inhibition of radiographic progression with biologics. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009, 21: 231-237. 10.1097/BOR.0b013e328329f84f.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Furst DE, Wallis R, Broder M, Beenhouwer DO: Tumor necrosis factor antagonists: different kinetics and/or mechanisms of action may explain differences in the risk for developing granulomatous infection. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 36: 159-167. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.02.001.CrossRefPubMed Furst DE, Wallis R, Broder M, Beenhouwer DO: Tumor necrosis factor antagonists: different kinetics and/or mechanisms of action may explain differences in the risk for developing granulomatous infection. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 36: 159-167. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.02.001.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Winthrop KL, Yamashita S, Beekmann SE, Polgreen PM: Mycobacterial and other serious infections in patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor and other newly approved biologic therapies: case finding through the Emerging Infections Network. Clin Infect Dis. 2008, 46: 1738-1740. 10.1086/587989.CrossRefPubMed Winthrop KL, Yamashita S, Beekmann SE, Polgreen PM: Mycobacterial and other serious infections in patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor and other newly approved biologic therapies: case finding through the Emerging Infections Network. Clin Infect Dis. 2008, 46: 1738-1740. 10.1086/587989.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Gomez-Reino JJ, Carmona L, Angel Descalzo M: Risk of tuberculosis in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists due to incomplete prevention of reactivation of latent infection. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 57: 756-761. 10.1002/art.22768.CrossRefPubMed Gomez-Reino JJ, Carmona L, Angel Descalzo M: Risk of tuberculosis in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists due to incomplete prevention of reactivation of latent infection. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 57: 756-761. 10.1002/art.22768.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Soborg B, Ruhwald M, Hetland ML, Jacobsen S, Andersen AB, Milman N, Thomsen VO, Jensen DV, Koch A, Wohlfahrt J, Ravn P: Comparison of screening procedures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among patients with inflammatory diseases. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1876-1884. 10.3899/jrheum.081292.CrossRefPubMed Soborg B, Ruhwald M, Hetland ML, Jacobsen S, Andersen AB, Milman N, Thomsen VO, Jensen DV, Koch A, Wohlfahrt J, Ravn P: Comparison of screening procedures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among patients with inflammatory diseases. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1876-1884. 10.3899/jrheum.081292.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Wallis RS, Broder MS, Wong JY, Hanson ME, Beenhouwer DO: Granulomatous infectious diseases associated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists. Clin Infect Dis. 2004, 38: 1261-1265. 10.1086/383317.CrossRefPubMed Wallis RS, Broder MS, Wong JY, Hanson ME, Beenhouwer DO: Granulomatous infectious diseases associated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists. Clin Infect Dis. 2004, 38: 1261-1265. 10.1086/383317.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Slifman NR, Gershon SK, Lee JH, Edwards ET, Braun MM: Listeria monocytogenes infection as a complication of treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agents. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 319-324. 10.1002/art.10758.CrossRefPubMed Slifman NR, Gershon SK, Lee JH, Edwards ET, Braun MM: Listeria monocytogenes infection as a complication of treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agents. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 319-324. 10.1002/art.10758.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Dweik M, Baethge BA, Duarte AG: Coccidioidomycosis pneumonia in a nonendemic area associated with infliximab. South Med J. 2007, 100: 517-518.CrossRefPubMed Dweik M, Baethge BA, Duarte AG: Coccidioidomycosis pneumonia in a nonendemic area associated with infliximab. South Med J. 2007, 100: 517-518.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Lee JH, Slifman NR, Gershon SK, Edwards ET, Schwieterman WD, Siegel JN, Wise RP, Brown SL, Udall JN, Braun MM: Life-threatening histoplasmosis complicating immunotherapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists infliximab and etanercept. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 2565-2570. 10.1002/art.10583.CrossRefPubMed Lee JH, Slifman NR, Gershon SK, Edwards ET, Schwieterman WD, Siegel JN, Wise RP, Brown SL, Udall JN, Braun MM: Life-threatening histoplasmosis complicating immunotherapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists infliximab and etanercept. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 2565-2570. 10.1002/art.10583.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Favalli EG, Desiati F, Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Caporali R, Pallavicini FB, Gorla R, Filippini M, Marchesoni A: Serious infections during anti-TNFalpha treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Autoimmun Rev. 2009, 8: 266-273. 10.1016/j.autrev.2008.11.002.CrossRefPubMed Favalli EG, Desiati F, Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Caporali R, Pallavicini FB, Gorla R, Filippini M, Marchesoni A: Serious infections during anti-TNFalpha treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Autoimmun Rev. 2009, 8: 266-273. 10.1016/j.autrev.2008.11.002.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Genovese MC, Cohen S, Moreland L, Lium D, Robbins S, Newmark R, Bekker P: Combination therapy with etanercept and anakinra in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have been treated unsuccessfully with methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 1412-1419. 10.1002/art.20221.CrossRefPubMed Genovese MC, Cohen S, Moreland L, Lium D, Robbins S, Newmark R, Bekker P: Combination therapy with etanercept and anakinra in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have been treated unsuccessfully with methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 1412-1419. 10.1002/art.20221.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Weinblatt M, Schiff M, Goldman A, Kremer J, Luggen M, Li T, Chen D, Becker JC: Selective costimulation modulation using abatacept in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis while receiving etanercept: a randomised clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007, 66: 228-234. 10.1136/ard.2006.055111.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Weinblatt M, Schiff M, Goldman A, Kremer J, Luggen M, Li T, Chen D, Becker JC: Selective costimulation modulation using abatacept in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis while receiving etanercept: a randomised clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007, 66: 228-234. 10.1136/ard.2006.055111.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Cansu DU, Kalifoglu T, Korkmaz C: Short-term course of chronic hepatitis B and C under treatment with etanercept associated with different disease modifying antirheumatic drugs without antiviral prophylaxis. J Rheumatol. 2008, 35: 421-424.PubMed Cansu DU, Kalifoglu T, Korkmaz C: Short-term course of chronic hepatitis B and C under treatment with etanercept associated with different disease modifying antirheumatic drugs without antiviral prophylaxis. J Rheumatol. 2008, 35: 421-424.PubMed
28.
go back to reference Kaur PP, Chan VC, Berney SN: Histological evaluation of liver in two rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic hepatitis B and C treated with TNF-alpha blockade: case reports. Clin Rheumatol. 2008, 27: 1069-1071. 10.1007/s10067-008-0896-y.CrossRefPubMed Kaur PP, Chan VC, Berney SN: Histological evaluation of liver in two rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic hepatitis B and C treated with TNF-alpha blockade: case reports. Clin Rheumatol. 2008, 27: 1069-1071. 10.1007/s10067-008-0896-y.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Kapetanovic MC, Saxne T, Nilsson JA, Geborek P: Influenza vaccination as model for testing immune modulation induced by anti-TNF and methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007, 46: 608-611. 10.1093/rheumatology/kel366.CrossRef Kapetanovic MC, Saxne T, Nilsson JA, Geborek P: Influenza vaccination as model for testing immune modulation induced by anti-TNF and methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007, 46: 608-611. 10.1093/rheumatology/kel366.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Geborek P, Bladstrom A, Turesson C, Gulfe A, Petersson IF, Saxne T, Olsson H, Jacobsson LT: Tumour necrosis factor blockers do not increase overall tumour risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but may be associated with an increased risk of lymphomas. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005, 64: 699-703. 10.1136/ard.2004.030528.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Geborek P, Bladstrom A, Turesson C, Gulfe A, Petersson IF, Saxne T, Olsson H, Jacobsson LT: Tumour necrosis factor blockers do not increase overall tumour risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but may be associated with an increased risk of lymphomas. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005, 64: 699-703. 10.1136/ard.2004.030528.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Askling J, Baecklund E, Granath F, Geborek P, Fored M, Backlin C, Bertilsson L, Cöster L, Jacobsson LT, Lindblad S, Lysholm J, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Saxne T, van Vollenhoven R, Klareskog L, Feltelius N: Anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and risk of malignant lymphomas: relative risks and time trends in the Swedish Biologics Register. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 648-653. 10.1136/ard.2007.085852.CrossRefPubMed Askling J, Baecklund E, Granath F, Geborek P, Fored M, Backlin C, Bertilsson L, Cöster L, Jacobsson LT, Lindblad S, Lysholm J, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Saxne T, van Vollenhoven R, Klareskog L, Feltelius N: Anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and risk of malignant lymphomas: relative risks and time trends in the Swedish Biologics Register. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 648-653. 10.1136/ard.2007.085852.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Listing J, Strangfeld A, Kekow J, Schneider M, Kapelle A, Wassenberg S, Zink A: Does tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition promote or prevent heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 667-677. 10.1002/art.23281.CrossRefPubMed Listing J, Strangfeld A, Kekow J, Schneider M, Kapelle A, Wassenberg S, Zink A: Does tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition promote or prevent heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 667-677. 10.1002/art.23281.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Popa C, van Tits LJ, Barrera P, Lemmers HL, van den Hoogen FH, van Riel PL, Radstake TR, Netea MG, Roest M, Stalenhoef AF: Anti-inflammatory therapy with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors improves high-density lipoprotein cholesterol antioxidative capacity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 868-872. 10.1136/ard.2008.092171.CrossRefPubMed Popa C, van Tits LJ, Barrera P, Lemmers HL, van den Hoogen FH, van Riel PL, Radstake TR, Netea MG, Roest M, Stalenhoef AF: Anti-inflammatory therapy with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors improves high-density lipoprotein cholesterol antioxidative capacity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 868-872. 10.1136/ard.2008.092171.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Ostor AJ, Chilvers ER, Somerville MF, Lim AY, Lane SE, Crisp AJ, Scott DG: Pulmonary complications of infliximab therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2006, 33: 622-628.PubMed Ostor AJ, Chilvers ER, Somerville MF, Lim AY, Lane SE, Crisp AJ, Scott DG: Pulmonary complications of infliximab therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2006, 33: 622-628.PubMed
35.
go back to reference Hamon MA, Nicolas G, Deviere F, Letournel F, Dubas F: [Demyelinating neuropathy during anti-TNF alpha treatment with a review of the literature]. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2007, 163: 1232-1235.CrossRef Hamon MA, Nicolas G, Deviere F, Letournel F, Dubas F: [Demyelinating neuropathy during anti-TNF alpha treatment with a review of the literature]. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2007, 163: 1232-1235.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Gonnet-Gracia C, Barnetche T, Richez C, Blanco P, Dehais J, Schaeverbeke T: Anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-DNA and C4 complement evolution in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis treated with TNF-alpha blockers. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2008, 26: 401-407.PubMed Gonnet-Gracia C, Barnetche T, Richez C, Blanco P, Dehais J, Schaeverbeke T: Anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-DNA and C4 complement evolution in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis treated with TNF-alpha blockers. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2008, 26: 401-407.PubMed
37.
go back to reference Costa MF, Said NR, Zimmermann B: Drug-induced lupus due to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 37: 381-387. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.08.003.CrossRefPubMed Costa MF, Said NR, Zimmermann B: Drug-induced lupus due to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 37: 381-387. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.08.003.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Fleischmann RM, Iqbal I, Stern RL: Considerations with the use of biological therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2004, 3: 391-403. 10.1517/14740338.3.5.391.CrossRefPubMed Fleischmann RM, Iqbal I, Stern RL: Considerations with the use of biological therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2004, 3: 391-403. 10.1517/14740338.3.5.391.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Berthelot JM, De Bandt M, Goupille P, Solau-Gervais E, Lioté F, Goeb V, Azaïs I, Martin A, Pallot-Prades B, Maugars Y, Mariette X, CRI (Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation): Exposition to anti-TNF drugs during pregnancy: outcome of 15 cases and review of the literature. Joint Bone Spine. 2009, 76: 28-34. 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.04.016.CrossRefPubMed Berthelot JM, De Bandt M, Goupille P, Solau-Gervais E, Lioté F, Goeb V, Azaïs I, Martin A, Pallot-Prades B, Maugars Y, Mariette X, CRI (Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation): Exposition to anti-TNF drugs during pregnancy: outcome of 15 cases and review of the literature. Joint Bone Spine. 2009, 76: 28-34. 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.04.016.CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Emery P, Fleischmann R, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, Schechtman J, Szczepanski L, Kavanaugh A, Racewicz AJ, van Vollenhoven RF, Li NF, Agarwal S, Hessey EW, Shaw TM, DANCER Study Group: The efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate treatment: results of a phase IIB randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 1390-1400. 10.1002/art.21778.CrossRefPubMed Emery P, Fleischmann R, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, Schechtman J, Szczepanski L, Kavanaugh A, Racewicz AJ, van Vollenhoven RF, Li NF, Agarwal S, Hessey EW, Shaw TM, DANCER Study Group: The efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate treatment: results of a phase IIB randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 1390-1400. 10.1002/art.21778.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Higashida J, Wun T, Schmidt S, Naguwa SM, Tuscano JM: Safety and efficacy of rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs and anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment. J Rheumatol. 2005, 32: 2109-2115.PubMed Higashida J, Wun T, Schmidt S, Naguwa SM, Tuscano JM: Safety and efficacy of rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs and anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment. J Rheumatol. 2005, 32: 2109-2115.PubMed
42.
go back to reference Keystone E, Emery P, Peterfy CG, Tak PP, Cohen S, Genovese MC, Dougados M, Burmester GR, Greenwald M, Kvien TK, Williams S, Hagerty D, Cravets MW, Shaw T: Rituximab inhibits structural joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitor therapies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 216-221. 10.1136/ard.2007.085787.CrossRefPubMed Keystone E, Emery P, Peterfy CG, Tak PP, Cohen S, Genovese MC, Dougados M, Burmester GR, Greenwald M, Kvien TK, Williams S, Hagerty D, Cravets MW, Shaw T: Rituximab inhibits structural joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitor therapies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 216-221. 10.1136/ard.2007.085787.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, Emery P, Close DR, Stevens RM, Shaw T: Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2004, 350: 2572-2581. 10.1056/NEJMoa032534.CrossRefPubMed Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, Emery P, Close DR, Stevens RM, Shaw T: Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2004, 350: 2572-2581. 10.1056/NEJMoa032534.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Cohen SB, Emery P, Greenwald MW, Dougados M, Furie RA, Genovese MC, Keystone EC, Loveless JE, Burmester GR, Cravets MW, Hessey EW, Shaw T, Totoritis MC, REFLEX Trial Group: Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: Results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial evaluating primary efficacy and safety at twenty-four weeks. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 2793-2806. 10.1002/art.22025.CrossRefPubMed Cohen SB, Emery P, Greenwald MW, Dougados M, Furie RA, Genovese MC, Keystone EC, Loveless JE, Burmester GR, Cravets MW, Hessey EW, Shaw T, Totoritis MC, REFLEX Trial Group: Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: Results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial evaluating primary efficacy and safety at twenty-four weeks. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 2793-2806. 10.1002/art.22025.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Assous N, Gossec L, Dieude P, Meyer O, Dougados M, Kahan A, Allanore Y: Rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis in daily practice. J Rheumatol. 2008, 35: 31-34.PubMed Assous N, Gossec L, Dieude P, Meyer O, Dougados M, Kahan A, Allanore Y: Rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis in daily practice. J Rheumatol. 2008, 35: 31-34.PubMed
46.
go back to reference Quartuccio L, Fabris M, Salvin S, Atzeni F, Saracco M, Benucci M, Cimmino M, Morassi P, Masolini P, Pellerito R, Cutolo M, Puttini PS, De Vita S: Rheumatoid factor positivity rather than anti-CCP positivity, a lower disability and a lower number of anti-TNF agents failed are associated with response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009, 48: 1557-1559. 10.1093/rheumatology/kep314.CrossRef Quartuccio L, Fabris M, Salvin S, Atzeni F, Saracco M, Benucci M, Cimmino M, Morassi P, Masolini P, Pellerito R, Cutolo M, Puttini PS, De Vita S: Rheumatoid factor positivity rather than anti-CCP positivity, a lower disability and a lower number of anti-TNF agents failed are associated with response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009, 48: 1557-1559. 10.1093/rheumatology/kep314.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Keystone E, Fleischmann R, Emery P, Furst DE, van Vollenhoven R, Bathon J, Dougados M, Baldassare A, Ferraccioli G, Chubick A, Udell J, Cravets MW, Agarwal S, Cooper S, Magrini F: Safety and efficacy of additional courses of rituximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: an open-label extension analysis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 3896-3908. 10.1002/art.23059.CrossRefPubMed Keystone E, Fleischmann R, Emery P, Furst DE, van Vollenhoven R, Bathon J, Dougados M, Baldassare A, Ferraccioli G, Chubick A, Udell J, Cravets MW, Agarwal S, Cooper S, Magrini F: Safety and efficacy of additional courses of rituximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: an open-label extension analysis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 3896-3908. 10.1002/art.23059.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Thurlings RM, Vos K, Gerlag DM, Tak PP: Disease activity-guided rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: the effects of re-treatment in initial nonresponders versus initial responders. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 3657-3664. 10.1002/art.24035.CrossRefPubMed Thurlings RM, Vos K, Gerlag DM, Tak PP: Disease activity-guided rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: the effects of re-treatment in initial nonresponders versus initial responders. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 3657-3664. 10.1002/art.24035.CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Looney RJ, Srinivasan R, Calabrese LH: The effects of rituximab on immunocompetency in patients with autoimmune disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 5-14. 10.1002/art.23171.CrossRefPubMed Looney RJ, Srinivasan R, Calabrese LH: The effects of rituximab on immunocompetency in patients with autoimmune disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 5-14. 10.1002/art.23171.CrossRefPubMed
50.
go back to reference Salliot C, Dougados M, Gossec L: Risk of serious infections during rituximab, abatacept and anakinra treatments for rheumatoid arthritis: meta-analyses of randomised placebo-controlled trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 25-32. 10.1136/ard.2007.083188.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Salliot C, Dougados M, Gossec L: Risk of serious infections during rituximab, abatacept and anakinra treatments for rheumatoid arthritis: meta-analyses of randomised placebo-controlled trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 25-32. 10.1136/ard.2007.083188.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Thurlings RM, Vos K, Wijbrandts CA, Zwinderman AH, Gerlag DM, Tak PP: Synovial tissue response to rituximab: mechanism of action and identification of biomarkers of response. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 917-925. 10.1136/ard.2007.080960.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Thurlings RM, Vos K, Wijbrandts CA, Zwinderman AH, Gerlag DM, Tak PP: Synovial tissue response to rituximab: mechanism of action and identification of biomarkers of response. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 917-925. 10.1136/ard.2007.080960.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference Fleischmann RM: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following rituximab treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009, 60: 3225-3228. 10.1002/art.24906.CrossRefPubMed Fleischmann RM: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following rituximab treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009, 60: 3225-3228. 10.1002/art.24906.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Dass S, Vital EM, Emery P: Development of psoriasis after B cell depletion with rituximab. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 2715-2718. 10.1002/art.22811.CrossRefPubMed Dass S, Vital EM, Emery P: Development of psoriasis after B cell depletion with rituximab. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 2715-2718. 10.1002/art.22811.CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Kremer JM, Genant HK, Moreland LW, Russell AS, Emery P, Abud-Mendoza C, Szechinski J, Li T, Ge Z, Becker JC, Westhovens R: Effects of abatacept in patients with methotrexate-resistant active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2006, 144: 865-876.CrossRefPubMed Kremer JM, Genant HK, Moreland LW, Russell AS, Emery P, Abud-Mendoza C, Szechinski J, Li T, Ge Z, Becker JC, Westhovens R: Effects of abatacept in patients with methotrexate-resistant active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2006, 144: 865-876.CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Genovese MC, Becker JC, Schiff M, Luggen M, Sherrer Y, Kremer J, Birbara C, Box J, Natarajan K, Nuamah I, Li T, Aranda R, Hagerty DT, Dougados M: Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition. N Engl J Med. 2005, 353: 1114-1123. 10.1056/NEJMoa050524.CrossRefPubMed Genovese MC, Becker JC, Schiff M, Luggen M, Sherrer Y, Kremer J, Birbara C, Box J, Natarajan K, Nuamah I, Li T, Aranda R, Hagerty DT, Dougados M: Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition. N Engl J Med. 2005, 353: 1114-1123. 10.1056/NEJMoa050524.CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Schiff M, Pritchard C, Huffstutter JE, Rodriguez-Valverde V, Durez P, Zhou X, Li T, Bahrt K, Kelly S, Le Bars M, Genovese MC: The 6-month safety and efficacy of abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a washout after anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy or were directly switched to abatacept: the ARRIVE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 1708-1714. 10.1136/ard.2008.099218.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Schiff M, Pritchard C, Huffstutter JE, Rodriguez-Valverde V, Durez P, Zhou X, Li T, Bahrt K, Kelly S, Le Bars M, Genovese MC: The 6-month safety and efficacy of abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a washout after anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy or were directly switched to abatacept: the ARRIVE trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 1708-1714. 10.1136/ard.2008.099218.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Kremer JM, Genant HK, Moreland LW, Russell AS, Emery P, Abud-Mendoza C, Szechiński J, Li T, Teng J, Becker JC, Westhovens R: Results of a two-year followup study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who received a combination of abatacept and methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 953-963. 10.1002/art.23397.CrossRefPubMed Kremer JM, Genant HK, Moreland LW, Russell AS, Emery P, Abud-Mendoza C, Szechiński J, Li T, Teng J, Becker JC, Westhovens R: Results of a two-year followup study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who received a combination of abatacept and methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 953-963. 10.1002/art.23397.CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Schiff M, Keiserman M, Codding C, Songcharoen S, Berman A, Nayiager S, Saldate C, Li T, Aranda R, Becker JC, Lin C, Cornet PL, Dougados M: Efficacy and safety of abatacept or infliximab vs placebo in ATTEST: a phase III, multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1096-1103. 10.1136/ard.2007.080002.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Schiff M, Keiserman M, Codding C, Songcharoen S, Berman A, Nayiager S, Saldate C, Li T, Aranda R, Becker JC, Lin C, Cornet PL, Dougados M: Efficacy and safety of abatacept or infliximab vs placebo in ATTEST: a phase III, multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1096-1103. 10.1136/ard.2007.080002.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Weinblatt M, Combe B, Covucci A, Aranda R, Becker JC, Keystone E: Safety of the selective costimulation modulator abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving background biologic and nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: A one-year randomized, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 2807-2816. 10.1002/art.22070.CrossRefPubMed Weinblatt M, Combe B, Covucci A, Aranda R, Becker JC, Keystone E: Safety of the selective costimulation modulator abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving background biologic and nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: A one-year randomized, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 2807-2816. 10.1002/art.22070.CrossRefPubMed
60.
go back to reference Bresnihan B, Newmark R, Robbins S, Genant HK: Effects of anakinra monotherapy on joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Extension of a 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 2004, 31: 1103-1111.PubMed Bresnihan B, Newmark R, Robbins S, Genant HK: Effects of anakinra monotherapy on joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Extension of a 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 2004, 31: 1103-1111.PubMed
61.
go back to reference Karanikolas G, Charalambopoulos D, Vaiopoulos G, Andrianakos A, Rapti A, Karras D, Kaskani E, Sfikakis PP: Adjunctive anakinra in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate, or leflunomide, or cyclosporin-A monotherapy: a 48-week, comparative, prospective study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008, 47: 1384-1388. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken223.CrossRef Karanikolas G, Charalambopoulos D, Vaiopoulos G, Andrianakos A, Rapti A, Karras D, Kaskani E, Sfikakis PP: Adjunctive anakinra in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate, or leflunomide, or cyclosporin-A monotherapy: a 48-week, comparative, prospective study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008, 47: 1384-1388. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken223.CrossRef
62.
go back to reference Fleischmann R, Stern R, Iqbal I: Anakinra: an inhibitor of IL-1 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2004, 4: 1333-1344. 10.1517/14712598.4.8.1333.CrossRefPubMed Fleischmann R, Stern R, Iqbal I: Anakinra: an inhibitor of IL-1 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2004, 4: 1333-1344. 10.1517/14712598.4.8.1333.CrossRefPubMed
63.
go back to reference Furst DE: The risk of infections with biologic therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 39: 327-346. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.10.002.CrossRefPubMed Furst DE: The risk of infections with biologic therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 39: 327-346. 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.10.002.CrossRefPubMed
64.
go back to reference Mertens M, Singh JA: Anakinra for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1118-1125. 10.3899/jrheum.090074.CrossRefPubMed Mertens M, Singh JA: Anakinra for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1118-1125. 10.3899/jrheum.090074.CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Nam JL, Winthrop KL, van Vollenhoven RF, Pavelka K, Valesini G, Hensor EM, Worthy G, Landewé R, Smolen JS, Emery P, Buch MH: Current evidence for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of RA. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 976-986. 10.1136/ard.2009.126573.CrossRefPubMed Nam JL, Winthrop KL, van Vollenhoven RF, Pavelka K, Valesini G, Hensor EM, Worthy G, Landewé R, Smolen JS, Emery P, Buch MH: Current evidence for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of RA. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 976-986. 10.1136/ard.2009.126573.CrossRefPubMed
66.
go back to reference Smolen JS, Beaulieu A, Rubbert-Roth A, Ramos-Remus C, Rovensky J, Alecock E, Woodworth T, Alten R: Effect of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (OPTION study): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet. 2008, 371: 987-997. 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60453-5.CrossRefPubMed Smolen JS, Beaulieu A, Rubbert-Roth A, Ramos-Remus C, Rovensky J, Alecock E, Woodworth T, Alten R: Effect of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (OPTION study): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet. 2008, 371: 987-997. 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60453-5.CrossRefPubMed
67.
go back to reference Emery P, Keystone E, Tony HP, Cantagrel A, van Vollenhoven R, Sanchez A, Alecock E, Lee J, Kremer J: IL-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab improves treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumour necrosis factor biologicals: results from a 24-week multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1516-1523. 10.1136/ard.2008.092932.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Emery P, Keystone E, Tony HP, Cantagrel A, van Vollenhoven R, Sanchez A, Alecock E, Lee J, Kremer J: IL-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab improves treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumour necrosis factor biologicals: results from a 24-week multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1516-1523. 10.1136/ard.2008.092932.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
68.
go back to reference Nishimoto N, Miyasaka N, Yamamoto K, Kawai S, Takeuchi T, Azuma J, Kishimoto T: Study of active controlled tocilizumab monotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate (SATORI): significant reduction in disease activity and serum vascular endothelial growth factor by IL-6 receptor inhibition therapy. Mod Rheumatol. 2009, 19: 12-19. 10.1007/s10165-008-0125-1.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Nishimoto N, Miyasaka N, Yamamoto K, Kawai S, Takeuchi T, Azuma J, Kishimoto T: Study of active controlled tocilizumab monotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate (SATORI): significant reduction in disease activity and serum vascular endothelial growth factor by IL-6 receptor inhibition therapy. Mod Rheumatol. 2009, 19: 12-19. 10.1007/s10165-008-0125-1.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
69.
go back to reference Nishimoto N, Miyasaka N, Yamamoto K, Kawai S, Takeuchi T, Azuma J: Long-term safety and efficacy of tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, in monotherapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (the STREAM study): evidence of safety and efficacy in a 5-year extension study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 1580-1584. 10.1136/ard.2008.092866.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Nishimoto N, Miyasaka N, Yamamoto K, Kawai S, Takeuchi T, Azuma J: Long-term safety and efficacy of tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, in monotherapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (the STREAM study): evidence of safety and efficacy in a 5-year extension study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68: 1580-1584. 10.1136/ard.2008.092866.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
70.
go back to reference Genovese MC, McKay JD, Nasonov EL, Mysler EF, da Silva NA, Alecock E, Woodworth T, Gomez-Reino JJ: Interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab reduces disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: the tocilizumab in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy study. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 2968-2980. 10.1002/art.23940.CrossRefPubMed Genovese MC, McKay JD, Nasonov EL, Mysler EF, da Silva NA, Alecock E, Woodworth T, Gomez-Reino JJ: Interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab reduces disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: the tocilizumab in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy study. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 2968-2980. 10.1002/art.23940.CrossRefPubMed
71.
go back to reference Pham T, Claudepierre P, Constantin A, Fautrel B, Gossec L, Gottenberg JE, Goupille P, Hachulla E, Masson C, Morel J, Saraux A, Schaeverbeke T, Wendling D, Mariette X, Sibilia J: Abatacept therapy and safety management. Joint Bone Spine. 2009, 76 (Suppl 1): S3-S55. 10.1016/S1297-319X(09)74520-8.CrossRefPubMed Pham T, Claudepierre P, Constantin A, Fautrel B, Gossec L, Gottenberg JE, Goupille P, Hachulla E, Masson C, Morel J, Saraux A, Schaeverbeke T, Wendling D, Mariette X, Sibilia J: Abatacept therapy and safety management. Joint Bone Spine. 2009, 76 (Suppl 1): S3-S55. 10.1016/S1297-319X(09)74520-8.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Rationale of using different biological therapies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors
Matthias Geyer
Ulf Müller-Ladner
Publication date
01-08-2010
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 4/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/ar3102

Other articles of this Issue 4/2010

Arthritis Research & Therapy 4/2010 Go to the issue