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Open Access 01-12-2011 | Review

Understanding tumor heterogeneity as functional compartments - superorganisms revisited

Authors: Thomas GP Grunewald, Saskia M Herbst, Jürgen Heinze, Stefan Burdach

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2011

Abstract

Compelling evidence broadens our understanding of tumors as highly heterogeneous populations derived from one common progenitor. In this review we portray various stages of tumorigenesis, tumor progression, self-seeding and metastasis in analogy to the superorganisms of insect societies to exemplify the highly complex architecture of a neoplasm as a system of functional "castes."

Accordingly, we propose a model in which clonal expansion and cumulative acquisition of genetic alterations produce tumor compartments each equipped with distinct traits and thus distinct functions that cooperate to establish clinically apparent tumors. This functional compartment model also suggests mechanisms for the self-construction of tumor stem cell niches. Thus, thinking of a tumor as a superorganism will provide systemic insight into its functional compartmentalization and may even have clinical implications.

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Title: Understanding tumor heterogeneity as functional compartments - superorganisms revisited
Authors: Thomas GP Grunewald
Saskia M Herbst
Jürgen Heinze
Stefan Burdach
Publication date: 01-12-2011
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-9-79

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