Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Health Research Policy and Systems 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Editorial

Four centuries on from Bacon: progress in building health research systems to improve health systems?

Authors: Stephen R Hanney, Miguel A González-Block

Published in: Health Research Policy and Systems | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

In 1627, Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis described a utopian society in which an embryonic research system contributed to meeting the needs of the society. In this editorial, we use some of the aspirations described in New Atlantis to provide a context within which to consider recent progress in building health research systems to improve health systems and population health. In particular, we reflect on efforts to build research capacity, link research to policy, identify the wider impacts made by the science, and generally build fully functioning research systems to address the needs identified.
In 2014, Health Research Policy and Systems has continued to publish one-off papers and article collections covering a range of these issues in both high income countries and low- and middle-income countries. Analysis of these contributions, in the context of some earlier ones, is brought together to identify achievements, challenges and possible ways forward. We show how 2014 is likely to be a pivotal year in the development of ways to assess the impact of health research on policies, practice, health systems, population health, and economic benefits.
We demonstrate how the increasing focus on health research systems will contribute to realising the hopes expressed in the World Health Report, 2013, namely that all nations would take a systematic approach to evaluating the outputs and applications resulting from their research investment.
Literature
2.
go back to reference Ayah R, Jessani N, Mafuta E: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: knowledge translation and effective communication. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 20-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ayah R, Jessani N, Mafuta E: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: knowledge translation and effective communication. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 20-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Jessani N, Lewy D, Ekirapa-Kiracho E, Bennett S: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: experiences with a capacity assessment tool. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 21-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Jessani N, Lewy D, Ekirapa-Kiracho E, Bennett S: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: experiences with a capacity assessment tool. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 21-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
go back to reference Nangami M, Rugema L, Tebeje B, Mukose A: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: enhancing capacity to design and implement teaching programs. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 22-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nangami M, Rugema L, Tebeje B, Mukose A: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: enhancing capacity to design and implement teaching programs. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 22-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
go back to reference Simba D, Mukose A, Bazeyo W: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African Schools of Public Health: strengthening human and financial resources. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 23-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Simba D, Mukose A, Bazeyo W: Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African Schools of Public Health: strengthening human and financial resources. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 23-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
go back to reference Cole DC, Boyd A, Aslanyan G, Bates I: Indicators for tracking programmes to strengthen health research capacity in lower- and middle-income countries: a qualitative synthesis. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 17-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Cole DC, Boyd A, Aslanyan G, Bates I: Indicators for tracking programmes to strengthen health research capacity in lower- and middle-income countries: a qualitative synthesis. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 17-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
go back to reference Boyd A, Cole DC, Cho D-B, Aslanyan G, Bates I: Frameworks for evaluating health research capacity strengthening: a qualitative study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 46-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Boyd A, Cole DC, Cho D-B, Aslanyan G, Bates I: Frameworks for evaluating health research capacity strengthening: a qualitative study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 46-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
go back to reference Bates I, Boyd A, Smith H, Cole DC: A practical and systematic approach to organisational capacity strengthening in the health sector in Africa. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bates I, Boyd A, Smith H, Cole DC: A practical and systematic approach to organisational capacity strengthening in the health sector in Africa. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
go back to reference Grudniewicz A, Hedden L, Kromm S, Lavergne R, Menear M, Sivananthan S, for The Canadian Association for Health Services and Policy Research (CAHSPR) Student Working Group: Capacity development in health systems and policy research: a survey of the Canadian context. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 9-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Grudniewicz A, Hedden L, Kromm S, Lavergne R, Menear M, Sivananthan S, for The Canadian Association for Health Services and Policy Research (CAHSPR) Student Working Group: Capacity development in health systems and policy research: a survey of the Canadian context. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 9-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
go back to reference Lenters LM, Cole DC, Godoy-Ruiz P: Networking among young global health researchers through an intensive training approach: a mixed methods exploratory study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 5-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lenters LM, Cole DC, Godoy-Ruiz P: Networking among young global health researchers through an intensive training approach: a mixed methods exploratory study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 5-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
go back to reference Xue J, Murthy B, Tran NT, Ghaffar A: Goal setting and knowledge generation through health policy and systems research in low-and middle-income countries. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 39-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Xue J, Murthy B, Tran NT, Ghaffar A: Goal setting and knowledge generation through health policy and systems research in low-and middle-income countries. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 39-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
13.
go back to reference Hanney SR, Gonzalez-Block MA, Buxton MJ, Kogan M: The utilisation of health research in policy-making: concepts, examples and methods of assessment. Health Res Policy Syst. 2003, 1: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hanney SR, Gonzalez-Block MA, Buxton MJ, Kogan M: The utilisation of health research in policy-making: concepts, examples and methods of assessment. Health Res Policy Syst. 2003, 1: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
go back to reference Kogan M, Henkel M: Government and Research. The Rothschild Experiment in a Government Department. 1983, London: Heinemann Kogan M, Henkel M: Government and Research. The Rothschild Experiment in a Government Department. 1983, London: Heinemann
15.
16.
go back to reference El-Jardali F, Lavis J, Moat K, Pantoja T, Ataya N: Capturing lessons learned from evidence-to-policy initiatives through structured reflection. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral El-Jardali F, Lavis J, Moat K, Pantoja T, Ataya N: Capturing lessons learned from evidence-to-policy initiatives through structured reflection. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
go back to reference Milat AJ, King L, Newson R, Wolfenden L, Rissel C, Bauman A, Redman S: Increasing the scale and adoption of population health interventions: experiences and perspectives of policy makers, practitioners, and researchers. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 18-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Milat AJ, King L, Newson R, Wolfenden L, Rissel C, Bauman A, Redman S: Increasing the scale and adoption of population health interventions: experiences and perspectives of policy makers, practitioners, and researchers. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 18-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Kok MO, Schuit AJ: Contribution mapping: a method for mapping the contribution of research to enhance its impact. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 21-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kok MO, Schuit AJ: Contribution mapping: a method for mapping the contribution of research to enhance its impact. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 21-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
go back to reference Hegger I, Janssen SWJ, Keijsers JFEM, Schuit AJ, van Oers HAM: Analyzing the contributions of a government-commissioned research project: a case study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 8-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hegger I, Janssen SWJ, Keijsers JFEM, Schuit AJ, van Oers HAM: Analyzing the contributions of a government-commissioned research project: a case study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 8-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Oliver K, Lorenc T, Innvær S: New directions in evidence-based policy research: a critical analysis of the literature. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 34-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Oliver K, Lorenc T, Innvær S: New directions in evidence-based policy research: a critical analysis of the literature. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 34-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
go back to reference Oliver K, Innvær S, Lorenc T, Woodman J, Thomas J: A systematic review of barriers to and facilitators of the use of evidence by policymakers. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014, 14: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Oliver K, Innvær S, Lorenc T, Woodman J, Thomas J: A systematic review of barriers to and facilitators of the use of evidence by policymakers. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014, 14: 2-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
go back to reference Innvaer S, Vist G, Trommald M, Oxman A: Health policy-makers’ perceptions of their use of evidence: a systematic review. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2002, 7: 239-244.CrossRefPubMed Innvaer S, Vist G, Trommald M, Oxman A: Health policy-makers’ perceptions of their use of evidence: a systematic review. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2002, 7: 239-244.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE): Memorandumsubmitted by the Higher Education Funding Council for England. In TheImpact of Spending Cuts on Science and Scientific Research. Sixth Report ofSession 2009-10. Volume 11: Oral and Written Evidence, House of CommonsScience and Technology Committee. HC 335-11, Volume 11. London: TheStationery Office Limited; 2010. Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE): Memorandumsubmitted by the Higher Education Funding Council for England. In TheImpact of Spending Cuts on Science and Scientific Research. Sixth Report ofSession 2009-10. Volume 11: Oral and Written Evidence, House of CommonsScience and Technology Committee. HC 335-11, Volume 11. London: TheStationery Office Limited; 2010.
24.
go back to reference World Health Organization: The World Health Report 2013: Research for Universal Health Coverage. 2013, Geneva: WHO World Health Organization: The World Health Report 2013: Research for Universal Health Coverage. 2013, Geneva: WHO
25.
go back to reference Health Economics Research Group: Medical Research: What’s It Worth. Estimating the Economic Value of Medical Research in the UK. 2008, London: UK Evaluation Forum Health Economics Research Group: Medical Research: What’s It Worth. Estimating the Economic Value of Medical Research in the UK. 2008, London: UK Evaluation Forum
26.
go back to reference Funding First: Exceptional Returns. The Economic Value of America’s Investment in Medical Research. 2000, New York: Albert & Mary Lasker Foundation Funding First: Exceptional Returns. The Economic Value of America’s Investment in Medical Research. 2000, New York: Albert & Mary Lasker Foundation
28.
go back to reference Johnston SC, Rootenberg JD, Katrak S, Smith WS, Elkins JS: Effect of a US National Institutes of Health programme of clinical trials on public health and costs. Lancet. 2006, 367: 1319-1327.CrossRefPubMed Johnston SC, Rootenberg JD, Katrak S, Smith WS, Elkins JS: Effect of a US National Institutes of Health programme of clinical trials on public health and costs. Lancet. 2006, 367: 1319-1327.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Buxton M, Hanney S: How can payback from health services research be assessed?. J Health Serv Res Policy. 1996, 1: 35-43.PubMed Buxton M, Hanney S: How can payback from health services research be assessed?. J Health Serv Res Policy. 1996, 1: 35-43.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Hanney SR, Grant J, Wooding S, Buxton MJ: Proposed methods for reviewing the outcomes of health research: the impact of funding by the UK’s Arthritis Research Campaign. Health Res Policy Syst. 2004, 2: 4-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hanney SR, Grant J, Wooding S, Buxton MJ: Proposed methods for reviewing the outcomes of health research: the impact of funding by the UK’s Arthritis Research Campaign. Health Res Policy Syst. 2004, 2: 4-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Banzi R, Moja L, Pistotti V, Facchini A, Liberati A: Conceptual frameworks and empirical approaches used to assess the impact of health research: an overview of reviews. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 26-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Banzi R, Moja L, Pistotti V, Facchini A, Liberati A: Conceptual frameworks and empirical approaches used to assess the impact of health research: an overview of reviews. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 26-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Yazdizadeh B, Majdzadeh R, Salmasian H: Systematic review of methods for evaluating healthcare research economic impact. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 6-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Yazdizadeh B, Majdzadeh R, Salmasian H: Systematic review of methods for evaluating healthcare research economic impact. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 6-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference Kalucy EC, Jackson-Bowers E, McIntyre E, Reed R: The feasibility of determining the impact of primary health care research projects using the Payback Framework. Health Res Policy Syst. 2009, 7: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kalucy EC, Jackson-Bowers E, McIntyre E, Reed R: The feasibility of determining the impact of primary health care research projects using the Payback Framework. Health Res Policy Syst. 2009, 7: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Reed RL, Kalucy EC, Jackson-Bowers E, McIntyre E: What research impacts do Australian primary health care researchers expect and achieve?. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 40-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reed RL, Kalucy EC, Jackson-Bowers E, McIntyre E: What research impacts do Australian primary health care researchers expect and achieve?. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 40-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
go back to reference Graham KER, Chorzempa HL, Pamela A, Valentine PA, Magnan J: Evaluating health research impact: Development and implementation of the Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions impact framework. Res Eval. 2012, 21: 354-367.CrossRef Graham KER, Chorzempa HL, Pamela A, Valentine PA, Magnan J: Evaluating health research impact: Development and implementation of the Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions impact framework. Res Eval. 2012, 21: 354-367.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Solans-Domènech M, Adam P, Guillamón I, Permanyer-Miralda G, Pons JMV, Escarrabill J: Impact of clinical and health services research projects on decision-making: a qualitative study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 15-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Solans-Domènech M, Adam P, Guillamón I, Permanyer-Miralda G, Pons JMV, Escarrabill J: Impact of clinical and health services research projects on decision-making: a qualitative study. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 15-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
go back to reference Mostert SP, Ellenbroek SPH, Meijer I, van Ark G, Klasen EC: Societal output and use of research performed by health research groups. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 30-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mostert SP, Ellenbroek SPH, Meijer I, van Ark G, Klasen EC: Societal output and use of research performed by health research groups. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 30-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
go back to reference El Turabi A, Hallsworth M, Ling T, Grant J: A novel performance monitoring framework for health research systems: experiences of the National Institute for Health Research in England. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 13-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral El Turabi A, Hallsworth M, Ling T, Grant J: A novel performance monitoring framework for health research systems: experiences of the National Institute for Health Research in England. Health Res Policy Syst. 2011, 9: 13-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
go back to reference Glover M, Buxton M, Guthrie S, Hanney S, Pollitt A, Grant J: Estimating the returns to UK publicly funded cancer-related research in terms of the net value of improved health outcomes. BMC Med. 2014, 12: 99-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Glover M, Buxton M, Guthrie S, Hanney S, Pollitt A, Grant J: Estimating the returns to UK publicly funded cancer-related research in terms of the net value of improved health outcomes. BMC Med. 2014, 12: 99-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
go back to reference Hanney SR, González-Block MA: Organising health research systems as a key to improving health: the World Health Report 2013 and how to make further progress. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 47-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hanney SR, González-Block MA: Organising health research systems as a key to improving health: the World Health Report 2013 and how to make further progress. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 47-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
go back to reference Becerra-Posada F, Minayo M, Quental C, de Haan S: National research for health systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: moving towards the right direction?. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 13-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Becerra-Posada F, Minayo M, Quental C, de Haan S: National research for health systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: moving towards the right direction?. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 13-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
45.
go back to reference Sombié I, Aidam J, Konaté B, Somé TD, Kambou S: The state of the research for health environment in the ministries of health of the Economic Community of the West African States (ECOWAS). Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 35-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sombié I, Aidam J, Konaté B, Somé TD, Kambou S: The state of the research for health environment in the ministries of health of the Economic Community of the West African States (ECOWAS). Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 35-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
47.
go back to reference Romero LI, Quental C: The Panamanian health research system: a baseline analysis for the construction of a new phase. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 33-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Romero LI, Quental C: The Panamanian health research system: a baseline analysis for the construction of a new phase. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013, 11: 33-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
48.
go back to reference Kok MO, Rodrigues A, Silva AP, de Haan S: The emergence and current performance of a health research system: lessons from Guinea Bissau. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 5-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kok MO, Rodrigues A, Silva AP, de Haan S: The emergence and current performance of a health research system: lessons from Guinea Bissau. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 5-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
go back to reference Chanda-Kapata P, Campbell S, Zarowsky C: Developing a national health research system: participatory approaches to legislative, institutional and networking dimensions in Zambia. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 17-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chanda-Kapata P, Campbell S, Zarowsky C: Developing a national health research system: participatory approaches to legislative, institutional and networking dimensions in Zambia. Health Res Policy Syst. 2012, 10: 17-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
go back to reference Redman-MacLaren ML, MacLaren DJ, Solomon J, Muse A, Asugeni R, Harrington H, Kekuabata E, Speare R, Clough AR: Research workshop to research work: initial steps in establishing health research systems on Malaita, Solomon Islands. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 33-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Redman-MacLaren ML, MacLaren DJ, Solomon J, Muse A, Asugeni R, Harrington H, Kekuabata E, Speare R, Clough AR: Research workshop to research work: initial steps in establishing health research systems on Malaita, Solomon Islands. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 33-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
go back to reference Hanney S, Kuruvilla S, Soper B, Mays N: Who needs what from a national health research system: lessons from reforms to the English department of health’s R&D system. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hanney S, Kuruvilla S, Soper B, Mays N: Who needs what from a national health research system: lessons from reforms to the English department of health’s R&D system. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 11-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
go back to reference Romero LI, Quental C: Research for better health: the Panamanian priority-setting experience and the need for a new process. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 38-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Romero LI, Quental C: Research for better health: the Panamanian priority-setting experience and the need for a new process. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 38-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
53.
go back to reference Viergever RF, Olifson S, Ghaffar A, Terry RF: A checklist for health research priority setting: nine common themes of good practice. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 36-PubMedPubMedCentral Viergever RF, Olifson S, Ghaffar A, Terry RF: A checklist for health research priority setting: nine common themes of good practice. Health Res Policy Syst. 2010, 8: 36-PubMedPubMedCentral
54.
go back to reference Kothari A, Regan S, Gore D, Valaitis R, Garcia J, Manson H, O’Mara L: Using an integrated knowledge translation approach to build a public health research agenda. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 6-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kothari A, Regan S, Gore D, Valaitis R, Garcia J, Manson H, O’Mara L: Using an integrated knowledge translation approach to build a public health research agenda. Health Res Policy Syst. 2014, 12: 6-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
57.
go back to reference Kuruvilla S, Schweitzer J, Bishai D, Chowdhury S, Caramani D, Frost L, Cortez R, Daelmans B, de Francisco A, Adam T, Cohen R, Alfonso YN, Franz-Vasdeki J, Saadat S, Pratt BA, Eugster B, Bandali S, Venkatachalam P, Hinton R, Murray J, Arscott-Mills S, Axelson H, Maliqi B, Sarker I, Lakshminarayanan R, Jacobs T, Jacks S, Mason E, Ghaffar A, Mays N: Success factors for reducing maternal and child mortality. Bull World Health Organ. 2014, 92: 533-544.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kuruvilla S, Schweitzer J, Bishai D, Chowdhury S, Caramani D, Frost L, Cortez R, Daelmans B, de Francisco A, Adam T, Cohen R, Alfonso YN, Franz-Vasdeki J, Saadat S, Pratt BA, Eugster B, Bandali S, Venkatachalam P, Hinton R, Murray J, Arscott-Mills S, Axelson H, Maliqi B, Sarker I, Lakshminarayanan R, Jacobs T, Jacks S, Mason E, Ghaffar A, Mays N: Success factors for reducing maternal and child mortality. Bull World Health Organ. 2014, 92: 533-544.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Four centuries on from Bacon: progress in building health research systems to improve health systems?
Authors
Stephen R Hanney
Miguel A González-Block
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Health Research Policy and Systems / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1478-4505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4505-12-56

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

Health Research Policy and Systems 1/2014 Go to the issue