Skip to main content
Top
Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Case report

Extragonadal mixed germ cell tumor of the right arm: description of the first case in the literature

Authors: Hicham Ait Benali, lssam Lalya, Mohamed Allaoui, Aniss Benmansour, Basma Elkhanoussi, Samir Benjelloun, Noureddine Benjaafar, Mourad Elyaacoubi

Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Extragonadal localization of germ cell tumors (GCTs) is rare; to the best of our knowledge, a location in the soft tissue of the arm has never been previously reported in the literature.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 37-year-old man who presented with a primary malignant mixed non-seminomatous GCT (teratocarcinoma variety) in the right arm, treated by a combination of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and surgery. After 18 months of close follow-up, no locoregional recurrence or distant metastases have been detected.

Conclusions

A combination of chemotherapy and surgery is the most appropriate treatment strategy for extragonadal GCTs, to ensure both local and systemic control.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Droz JP, Horwich A: Extragonadal germ cell tumors. Comprehensive Textbook of Genitourinary Oncology. Edited by: Vogelzang NJ, Scardino PT, Shipley WU, Doffey DS. 2000, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, New York, NY, 2 Droz JP, Horwich A: Extragonadal germ cell tumors. Comprehensive Textbook of Genitourinary Oncology. Edited by: Vogelzang NJ, Scardino PT, Shipley WU, Doffey DS. 2000, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, New York, NY, 2
2.
go back to reference Morse MJ, Whitmore WF: Neoplasms of the testis. Campbell’s Urology. Edited by: Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perlmutter AD, Stamey TA. 1986, WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA, 1535-5 Morse MJ, Whitmore WF: Neoplasms of the testis. Campbell’s Urology. Edited by: Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perlmutter AD, Stamey TA. 1986, WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA, 1535-5
3.
go back to reference Buskirk SS, Evans RG, Farrow G, Earle JP: Primary retroperitoneal seminoma. Cancer. 1934, 1982: 49- Buskirk SS, Evans RG, Farrow G, Earle JP: Primary retroperitoneal seminoma. Cancer. 1934, 1982: 49-
4.
go back to reference Chinoy RF, Soman CS, Swaroop D, Badwar RA: Extragonadal malignant teratoma of the foot. Indian J Cancer. 1992, 29: 96-99.PubMed Chinoy RF, Soman CS, Swaroop D, Badwar RA: Extragonadal malignant teratoma of the foot. Indian J Cancer. 1992, 29: 96-99.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Glenn OA, Barkovich AJ: Intracranial germ cell tumors: a comprehensive review of proposed embryologic derivation. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1996, 24: 242-CrossRefPubMed Glenn OA, Barkovich AJ: Intracranial germ cell tumors: a comprehensive review of proposed embryologic derivation. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1996, 24: 242-CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Chaganti RS, Houldsworth J: Genetics and biology of adult human male germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 2000, 60: 1475-PubMed Chaganti RS, Houldsworth J: Genetics and biology of adult human male germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 2000, 60: 1475-PubMed
7.
go back to reference Hailemariam S, Engeler DS, Bannwart F, Amin MB: Primary mediastinal germ cell tumor with intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis-further support for germ cell origin of these tumors: a case report. Cancer. 1997, 79: 1031-CrossRefPubMed Hailemariam S, Engeler DS, Bannwart F, Amin MB: Primary mediastinal germ cell tumor with intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis-further support for germ cell origin of these tumors: a case report. Cancer. 1997, 79: 1031-CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Chaganti RS, Rodriguez E, Mathew S: Origin of adult male mediastinal germ-cell tumours. Lancet. 1994, 343: 1130-CrossRefPubMed Chaganti RS, Rodriguez E, Mathew S: Origin of adult male mediastinal germ-cell tumours. Lancet. 1994, 343: 1130-CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Chen CK, Chang YL, Jou ST, Tseng YT, Lee YC: Treatment of mediastinal immature teratoma in a child with precocious puberty and Klinefelter’s syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 1906, 2006: 82- Chen CK, Chang YL, Jou ST, Tseng YT, Lee YC: Treatment of mediastinal immature teratoma in a child with precocious puberty and Klinefelter’s syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 1906, 2006: 82-
10.
go back to reference Phowthongkum P: The second case of de novo intracranial germinoma association with Klinefelter’s syndrome. Surg Neurol. 2006, 66: 332-CrossRefPubMed Phowthongkum P: The second case of de novo intracranial germinoma association with Klinefelter’s syndrome. Surg Neurol. 2006, 66: 332-CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Aguirre D, Nieto K, Lazos M, Peña YR, Palma I, Kofman-Alfaro S, Queipo G: Extragonadal germ cell tumors are often associated with Klinefelter syndrome. Hum Pathol. 2006, 37: 477-CrossRefPubMed Aguirre D, Nieto K, Lazos M, Peña YR, Palma I, Kofman-Alfaro S, Queipo G: Extragonadal germ cell tumors are often associated with Klinefelter syndrome. Hum Pathol. 2006, 37: 477-CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Völkl TM, Langer T, Aigner T, Greess H, Beck JD, Rauch AM, Dörr HG: Klinefelter syndrome and mediastinal germ cell tumors. Am J Med Genet A. 2006, 140: 471-CrossRefPubMed Völkl TM, Langer T, Aigner T, Greess H, Beck JD, Rauch AM, Dörr HG: Klinefelter syndrome and mediastinal germ cell tumors. Am J Med Genet A. 2006, 140: 471-CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Gonzalez-Crussi F: Extragonadal teratomas. Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Volume 18. Edited by: Hartmann WH, Cowan WR. 1982, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, 1-49. Gonzalez-Crussi F: Extragonadal teratomas. Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Volume 18. Edited by: Hartmann WH, Cowan WR. 1982, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, 1-49.
14.
go back to reference Bšhle A, Studer UE, Sonntag RW, Scheidegger JR: Primary or secondary extragonadal germ cell tumors?. J Urol. 1986, 135: 939- Bšhle A, Studer UE, Sonntag RW, Scheidegger JR: Primary or secondary extragonadal germ cell tumors?. J Urol. 1986, 135: 939-
15.
go back to reference McAleer JJ, Nicholls J, Horwich A: Does extragonadal presentation impart a worse prognosis to abdominal germ-cell tumours?. Eur J Cancer. 1992, 28A: 825-CrossRefPubMed McAleer JJ, Nicholls J, Horwich A: Does extragonadal presentation impart a worse prognosis to abdominal germ-cell tumours?. Eur J Cancer. 1992, 28A: 825-CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Comiter CV, Renshaw AA, Benson CB, Loughlin KR: Burned-out primary testicular cancer: sonographic and pathological characteristics. J Urol. 1996, 156: 85-CrossRefPubMed Comiter CV, Renshaw AA, Benson CB, Loughlin KR: Burned-out primary testicular cancer: sonographic and pathological characteristics. J Urol. 1996, 156: 85-CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Balzer BL, Ulbright TM: Spontaneous regression of testicular germ cell tumors: an analysis of 42 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006, 30: 858-CrossRefPubMed Balzer BL, Ulbright TM: Spontaneous regression of testicular germ cell tumors: an analysis of 42 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006, 30: 858-CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Bilici A, Ustaalioglu BB, Seker M, Kayahan S: Case report:soft tissue metastasis from immature teratoma of the testis: second case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010, 468: 2541-2544.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Bilici A, Ustaalioglu BB, Seker M, Kayahan S: Case report:soft tissue metastasis from immature teratoma of the testis: second case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010, 468: 2541-2544.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Cheng L: Establishing a germ cell origin for metastatic tumors using OCT4 immunohistochemistry. Cancer. 2006, 2004: 101- Cheng L: Establishing a germ cell origin for metastatic tumors using OCT4 immunohistochemistry. Cancer. 2006, 2004: 101-
20.
go back to reference Motzer RJ, Rodriguez E, Reuter VE, Bosl GJ, Mazumdar M, Chaganti RS: Molecular and cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas of unknown primary site. J Clin Oncol. 1995, 13: 274-PubMed Motzer RJ, Rodriguez E, Reuter VE, Bosl GJ, Mazumdar M, Chaganti RS: Molecular and cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas of unknown primary site. J Clin Oncol. 1995, 13: 274-PubMed
21.
go back to reference Heinonen K, Rao PN, Slack JL, Cruz J, Bloomfield CD, Mrózek K: Isochromosome 12p in two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia without evidence of germ cell tumour. Br J Haematol. 1996, 93: 677-CrossRefPubMed Heinonen K, Rao PN, Slack JL, Cruz J, Bloomfield CD, Mrózek K: Isochromosome 12p in two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia without evidence of germ cell tumour. Br J Haematol. 1996, 93: 677-CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Genet P, Mossafa H, Pulik M: Isochromosome 12p in mediastinal centroblastic lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2000, 108: 885-CrossRefPubMed Genet P, Mossafa H, Pulik M: Isochromosome 12p in mediastinal centroblastic lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2000, 108: 885-CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Moran CA, Suster S: Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: Analysis of 322 cases with special emphasis on teratomatous lesions and a proposal for histopathologic classification and clinical staging. Cancer. 1997, 80: 681-690.CrossRefPubMed Moran CA, Suster S: Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: Analysis of 322 cases with special emphasis on teratomatous lesions and a proposal for histopathologic classification and clinical staging. Cancer. 1997, 80: 681-690.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermerlink HK, Harris CC: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 2004, IARC Press, Lyon, France Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermerlink HK, Harris CC: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 2004, IARC Press, Lyon, France
25.
go back to reference Wright CD, Kesler KA, Nichols CR: Primary mediastinal non seminomatous germ cell tumors, Results of a multimodality approach. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1990, 99: 210-217.PubMed Wright CD, Kesler KA, Nichols CR: Primary mediastinal non seminomatous germ cell tumors, Results of a multimodality approach. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1990, 99: 210-217.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Chetaille B, Massard G, Falcozb PE: Mediastinal germ cell tumors: anatomopathology, classification, teratomas and malignant tumors. Rev Pneumol Clin. 2010, 66: 63-70.CrossRefPubMed Chetaille B, Massard G, Falcozb PE: Mediastinal germ cell tumors: anatomopathology, classification, teratomas and malignant tumors. Rev Pneumol Clin. 2010, 66: 63-70.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Extragonadal mixed germ cell tumor of the right arm: description of the first case in the literature
Authors
Hicham Ait Benali
lssam Lalya
Mohamed Allaoui
Aniss Benmansour
Basma Elkhanoussi
Samir Benjelloun
Noureddine Benjaafar
Mourad Elyaacoubi
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
World Journal of Surgical Oncology / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-10-69

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

World Journal of Surgical Oncology 1/2012 Go to the issue