Published in:
Open Access
01-12-2012 | Research
The German adaptation of the Cambridge pulmonary hypertension outcome review (CAMPHOR)
Authors:
Katharina Cima, James Twiss, Rudolf Speich, Stephen P McKenna, Ekkehard Grünig, Christian M Kähler, Nicola Ehlken, Ursula Treder, Sigrid R Crawford, Lars C Huber, Silvia Ulrich
Published in:
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
|
Issue 1/2012
Login to get access
Abstract
Background
Individuals with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) experience severely impaired quality of life. A disease-specific outcome measure for PH, the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) was developed and validated in the UK and subsequently adapted for use in additional countries. The aim of this study was to translate and assess the reliability and validity of the CAMPHOR for German-speaking populations.
Methods
Three main adaptation stages involved; translation (employing bilingual and lay panels), cognitive debriefing interviews with patients and validation (assessment of the adaptation’s psychometric properties). The psychometric evaluation included 107 patients with precapillary PH (60 females; age mean (standard deviation) 60 (15) years) from 3 centres in Austria, Germany and Switzerland.
Results
No major problems were found with the translation process with most items easily rendered into acceptable German. Participants in the cognitive debriefing interviews found the questionnaires relevant, comprehensive and easy to complete. Psychometric analyses showed that the adaptation was successful. The three CAMPHOR scales (symptoms, activity limitations and quality of life) had excellent test-retest reliability correlations (Symptoms = 0.91; Activity limitations = 0.91; QoL = 0.90) and internal consistency (Symptoms = 0.94; Activity limitations = 0.93; QoL = 0.94). Predicted correlations with the Nottingham Health Profile provided evidence of the construct validity of the CAMPHOR scales. The CAMPHOR adaptation also showed known group validity in its ability to distinguish between participants based on perceived general health, perceived disease severity, oxygen use and NYHA classification.
Conclusions
The CAMPHOR has been shown to be valid and reliable in the German population and is recommend for use in clinical practice.