Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research article

Trends in TB case notification over fifteen years: the case notification of 25 Districts of Arsi Zone of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

Authors: Shallo Daba Hamusse, Meaza Demissie, Bernt Lindtjørn

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The aims of tuberculosis (TB) control programme are to detect TB cases and treat them to disrupt transmission, decrease mortality and avert the emergence of drug resistance. In 1992, DOTS strategy was started in Arsi zone and since 1997 it has been fully implemented. However, its impact has not been assessed. The aim of this study was, to analyze the trends in TB case notification and make a comparison among the 25 districts of the zone.

Methods

A total of 41,965 TB patients registered for treatment in the study area between 1997 and 2011 were included in the study. Data on demographic characteristics, treatment unit, year of treatment and disease category were collected for each patient from the TB Unit Registers.

Results

The trends in all forms of TB and smear positive pulmonary TB (PTB+) case notification increased from 14.3 to 150 per 100,000 population, with an increment of 90.4% in fifteen years. Similarly, PTB+ case notification increased from 6.9 to 63 per 100,000 population, an increment of 89% in fifteen years. The fifteen-year average TB case notification of all forms varied from 60.2 to 636 (95% CI: 97 to 127, P<0.001) and PTB+ from 10.9 to 163 per 100,000 population (95% CI: 39 to 71, p<0.001) in the 25 districts of the zone. Rural residence (AOR, 0.23; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.26) and districts with population ratio to DOTS sites of more than 25,000 population (AOR, 0.40; 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.46) were associated with low TB case notification. TB case notifications were significantly more common among 15-24 years of age (AOR, 1.19; 95% CI:1.03 to 1.38), PTB- (AOR, 1.46; 95% CI: 1.33 to 64) and EPTB (AOR, 1.49; 95% CI; 1.33 to 1.60) TB cases.

Conclusions

The introduction and expansion of DOTS in Arsi zone has improved the overall TB case notification. However, there is inequality in TB case notification across 25 districts of the zone. Further research is, recommended on the prevalence, incidence of TB and TB treatment outcome to see the differences in TB distribution and performance of DOTS in treatment outcomes among the districts.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
World Health Organisation: The World Health Report Changing History. 2004, Geneva: WHO
2.
World Health Organization (WHO): An International Road Map for Tuberculosis Research: Towards a World Free of Tuberculosis. 2011, Geneva: WHO
3.
World Health Organization (WHO): Global Tuberculosis Report. 2012, Geneva: WHO
4.
World Health Organization: Global Tuberculosis Report. 2011, Geneva: WHO
5.
Yassin MA, Datiko DG, Shargie EB: Ten-year experiences of the tuberculosis control programme in the southern region of Ethiopia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006, 10 (10): 1166-1171. PubMed PMID: 17044212 Epub 2006/10/19. engPubMed
6.
Keshavje S, Farmer PE: Tuberculosis, Drug Resistance, and the History of Modern Medicine. N Engl J Med. 2012, 367: 931-936. 10.1056/NEJMra1205429.CrossRef
7.
World Health Organization (WHO): Global Tuberculosis Report. 2009, Geneva: WHO
8.
Ministry of Health of Ethiopia (MOH): Tuberculosis, Leprosy and TB/HIV Prevention and Control Programme Manual. 2008, Addis Ababa: MOH, 4
9.
Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia (FMOH): First Ethiopian National Population Based Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey. 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: FMOH
10.
Tadesse T, Demissie M, Berhane Y, Kebede Y, Abebe M: Two-thirds of smear-positive tuberculosis cases in the community were undiagnosed in Northwest Ethiopia: population based cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2011, 6 (12): e28258-10.1371/journal.pone.0028258. PubMed PMID: 22164256 Pubmed Central PMCID: 3229563 Epub 2011/12/14. engCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Shargie EB, Yassin MA, Lindtjorn B: Prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in a rural district of Ethiopia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006, 10 (1): 87-92. PubMed PMID: 16466043 Epub 2006/02/10. engPubMed
12.
Shargie EB, Morkve O, Lindtjorn B: Tuberculosis case-finding through a village outreach programme in a rural setting in southern Ethiopia: community randomized trial. Bull World Health Organ. 2006, 84 (2): 112-119. 10.2471/BLT.05.024489. PubMed PMID: 16501728 Pubmed Central PMCID: 2626531 Epub 2006/02/28. engCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Deribew A, Abebe G, Apers L, Abdissa A, Deribe F, Woldemichael K, Jira C, Tesfaye M, Shiffa J, Aseffa A, Bezabih M, Abeje T, Colebunders R: Prevalence of pulmonary TB and spoligotype pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among TB suspects in a rural community in Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2012, 12 (1): 54-10.1186/1471-2334-12-54. PubMed PMID: 22414165 Epub 2012/03/15. EngCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Demissie M, Zenebere B, Berhane Y, Lindtjorn B: A rapid survey to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis in Addis Ababa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002, 6 (7): 580-584. PubMed PMID: 12102296, Epub 2002/07/10. engPubMed
15.
16.
Yassin MADDG, Olivia T, Markos P, Aschalew M, Shargie EB DH, Mesay RK, Suvanand S, Blok EL, Sally T: Innovative Community-Based Approaches Doubled Tuberculosis Case Notification and Improved Treatment Outcome in Southern Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. 2013, 8 (5): e63174-10.1371/journal.pone.0063174.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Tiwari N, Adhikari C, Tewari A, Kandapol V: Investigation of geo-spatial hotspots for the occurrence of tuberculosis in Almora district, India, using GIS and spatial scan statistic. Int J Health Geogr. 2006, 5: 33-10.1186/1476-072X-5-33. DOI: 10.1186/1476-072X-5-33CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
Nunes C: Tuberculosis incidence in Portugal: spatiotemporal clustering. Int J Health Geogr. 2007, 6: 30-10.1186/1476-072X-6-30. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-6-30CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
Munch SWPVL Z, Booysen CN, Zietsman HL, Enarson DA, Beyers N: Tuberculosis transmission patterns in a high-incidence area: a spatial analysis. INT J TUBERC LUNG DIS. 2003, 7 (3): 271-277.
20.
Touray K, Adetifa IM, Jallow A, Rigby J, Jeffries D, Cheung YB, Donkor S, Adegbola RA, Hill PC: Spatial analysis of tuberculosis in an Urban West African setting: Is there evidence of clustering?. Trop Med Int Health. 2010, 15 (6): 664-672. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02533.x.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Getahun B, Ameni G, Biadgilign S, Medhin G: Mortality and associated risk factors in a cohort of tuberculosis patients treated under DOTS programme in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2011, 11: 127-10.1186/1471-2334-11-127. PubMed PMID: 21575187. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3118140. Epub 2011/05/18. engCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia (FMOH): National TB/Leprosy Control Program Report. 2010, Addis Ababa: FMOH
23.
Shargie EB, Lindtjorn B: DOTS improves treatment outcomes and service coverage for tuberculosis in South Ethiopia: a retrospective trend analysis. BMC Public Health. 2005, 6 (5): 5-62. PubMed PMID: 15938746. Pubmed Central PMCID: 1173119. Epub 2005/06/09. eng
24.
Berhe G, Enquselassie F, Aseffa A: Treatment outcome of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. BMC Public Health. 2012, 12: 537-10.1186/1471-2458-12-537.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
Oromia Regional Health Bureau (ORHB): Annual Report Of Health Service and Health Programme. 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: ORHB
26.
Datiko DG, Yassin MA, Chekol LT, Kabeto LE, Lindtjorn B: The rate of TB-HIV co-infection depends on the prevalence of HIV infection in a community. BMC Public Health. 2008, 8: 266-10.1186/1471-2458-8-266. PubMed PMID: 18667068. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2542368. Epub 2008/08/01. engCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
28.
Dlodlo RA, Fujiwara PI, Enarson DA: Should tuberculosis treatment and control be addressed differently in HIV-infected and -uninfected individuals?. Eur Respir J. 2004, 25 (4): 11-17.
29.
Central Statistical Agency (Ethiopia) and ORC Macro: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2005. 2007, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Agency and ORC Macro
30.
Central Statistical Agency (CSA): Ethiopian Population and Housing Census. 1997, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: CSA
31.
Keshavje S, Farmer PE: Tuberculosis Drug Resistance and the History of Modern Medicine. NEJ M. 2012, 367: 931-936. 10.1056/NEJMra1205429.CrossRef
32.
Huong NT, Duong BD, Co NV, Quy HT, Tung LB, Bosman MC, Gebhardt AC, Velema JP, Broekmans JF, Borgdorff MW: Establishment and development of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme in Vietnam. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2005, 9 (2): 151-156.PubMed
33.
Datiko DG, Lindtjorn B: Health extension workers improve tuberculosis case detection and treatment success in southern Ethiopia: a community randomized trial. PLoS ONE. 2009, 4 (5): e5443-10.1371/journal.pone.0005443. PubMed PMID: 19424460. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2678194. Epub 2009/05/09. engCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
35.
Corbett EL, Watt CJ, Walker N, Maher D, Williams BG: The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic. Arch Intern Med. 2003, 163: 1009-1021. 10.1001/archinte.163.9.1009.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Dye C, Garnett GP, Sleeman K, Williams BG: Prospects for worldwide tuberculosis control under the WHO DOTS strategy. Lancet. 1998, 352: 1886-1891. 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)03199-7.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Tessema B, Beer J, Merker M, Emmrich F, Sack U, Rodloff AC, Niemann S: Molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia: new phylogenetic lineages found in Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2013, 13 (131): http://​wwwbiomedcentral​com/​1471-2334/​13/​131,
38.
Randremanana RV, Sabatier P, Rakotomanana F, Randriamanantena A, Richard V: Spatial clustering of pulmonary tuberculosis and impact of the care factors in Antananarivo City. Trop Med Int Health. 2009, 14 (4): 429-437. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02239.x.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Trends in TB case notification over fifteen years: the case notification of 25 Districts of Arsi Zone of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia
Authors
Shallo Daba Hamusse
Meaza Demissie
Bernt Lindtjørn
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-304

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

BMC Public Health 1/2014 Go to the issue

Research article

The impact of drug use patterns on mortality among polysubstance users in a Canadian setting: a prospective cohort study

Research article

The role and utilisation of public health evaluations in Europe: a case study of national hand hygiene campaigns

Research article

First-year results of the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network: 2012–2013 Northern hemisphere influenza season

Research article

The usefulness of “corrected” body mass index vs. self-reported body mass index: comparing the population distributions, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive utility of three correction equations using Canadian population-based data

Research article

Family planning practice and predictors of risk of inconsistent condom use among HIV-positive women on anti-retroviral therapy in Cambodia

Research article

The return-to-work process of individuals sick-listed because of whiplash-associated disorder: a three-year follow-up study in a Danish cohort of long-term sickness absentees