Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Study protocol

Lifestyle Triple P: a parenting intervention for childhood obesity

Authors: Sanne MPL Gerards, Pieter C Dagnelie, Maria WJ Jansen, Lidy OHM van der Goot, Nanne K de Vries, Matthew R Sanders, Stef PJ Kremers

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Reversing the obesity epidemic requires the development and evaluation of childhood obesity intervention programs. Lifestyle Triple P is a parent-focused group program that addresses three topics: nutrition, physical activity, and positive parenting. Australian research has established the efficacy of Lifestyle Triple P, which aims to prevent excessive weight gain in overweight and obese children. The aim of the current randomized controlled trial is to assess the effectiveness of the Lifestyle Triple P intervention when applied to Dutch parents of overweight and obese children aged 4–8 years. This effectiveness study is called GO4fit.

Methods/Design

Parents of overweight and obese children are being randomized to either the intervention or the control group. Those assigned to the intervention condition receive the 14-week Lifestyle Triple P intervention, in which they learn a range of nutritional, physical activity and positive parenting strategies. Parents in the control group receive two brochures, web-based tailored advice, and suggestions for exercises to increase active playing at home. Measurements are taken at baseline, directly after the intervention, and at one year follow-up. Primary outcome measure is the children’s body composition, operationalized as BMI z-score, waist circumference, and fat mass (biceps and triceps skinfolds). Secondary outcome measures are children’s dietary behavior and physical activity level, parenting practices, parental feeding style, parenting style, parental self-efficacy, and body composition of family members (parents and siblings).

Discussion

Our intervention is characterized by a focus on changing general parenting styles, in addition to focusing on changing specific parenting practices, as obesity interventions typically do. Strengths of the current study are the randomized design, the long-term follow-up, and the broad range of both self-reported and objectively measured outcomes.

Trial Registration

Current Controlled Trials NTR 2555

MEC AzM/UM

NL 31988.068.10 / MEC 10-3-052
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Van den Hurk K, Van Dommelen P, Van Buuren S, Verkerk PH, Hirasing RA: Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Netherlands in 2003 compared to 1980 and 1997. Arch Dis Child. 2007, 92: 992-995. 10.1136/adc.2006.115402.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Van den Hurk K, Van Dommelen P, Van Buuren S, Verkerk PH, Hirasing RA: Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Netherlands in 2003 compared to 1980 and 1997. Arch Dis Child. 2007, 92: 992-995. 10.1136/adc.2006.115402.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Van Rossum CTM, Fransen HP, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, Buurma-Rethans EJM, Ocké MC: Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007–2010. 2011, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven Van Rossum CTM, Fransen HP, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, Buurma-Rethans EJM, Ocké MC: Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007–2010. 2011, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven
3.
go back to reference Singh AS, Mulder C, Twisk JWR, Van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJM: Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Rev. 2008, 9: 474-488. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00475.x.CrossRefPubMed Singh AS, Mulder C, Twisk JWR, Van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJM: Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Rev. 2008, 9: 474-488. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00475.x.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Must A, Strauss RS: Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes. 1999, 23 (Suppl 2): S2-S11.CrossRef Must A, Strauss RS: Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes. 1999, 23 (Suppl 2): S2-S11.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Bluford DAA, Sherry B, Scanlon KS: Interventions to prevent or treat obesity in preschool children: a review of evaluated programs. Obesity. 2007, 15: 1356-1372. 10.1038/oby.2007.163.CrossRefPubMed Bluford DAA, Sherry B, Scanlon KS: Interventions to prevent or treat obesity in preschool children: a review of evaluated programs. Obesity. 2007, 15: 1356-1372. 10.1038/oby.2007.163.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Doak CM, Visscher TL, Renders CM, Seidell JC: The prevention of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: a review of interventions and programmes. Obes Rev. 2006, 7: 111-136. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00234.x.CrossRefPubMed Doak CM, Visscher TL, Renders CM, Seidell JC: The prevention of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: a review of interventions and programmes. Obes Rev. 2006, 7: 111-136. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00234.x.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Kitzmann KM, Dalton WT, Stanley CM, Beech BM, Reeves TP, Buscemi J, Egli CJ, Gamble HL, Midgett EL: Lifestyle interventions for youth who are overweight: a meta-analytic review. Health Psychol. 2010, 29: 91-101.CrossRefPubMed Kitzmann KM, Dalton WT, Stanley CM, Beech BM, Reeves TP, Buscemi J, Egli CJ, Gamble HL, Midgett EL: Lifestyle interventions for youth who are overweight: a meta-analytic review. Health Psychol. 2010, 29: 91-101.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Summerbell CD, Waters E, Edmunds LD, Kelly S, Brown T, Campbell KJ: Interventions for preventing obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005, Cd001871: Summerbell CD, Waters E, Edmunds LD, Kelly S, Brown T, Campbell KJ: Interventions for preventing obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005, Cd001871:
10.
go back to reference Margarey AM, Daniels LA, Boulton TJ, Cockinton RA: Predicting obesity in early adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. Int J Obes. 2003, 27: 505-513. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802251.CrossRef Margarey AM, Daniels LA, Boulton TJ, Cockinton RA: Predicting obesity in early adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. Int J Obes. 2003, 27: 505-513. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802251.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Kremers S, Martens M, Reubsaet A, de Weerdt I, de Vries N, Jonkers R: Programmeringstudie overgewicht, ZonMW ed. 2008, Universiteit Maastricht, Rescon Kremers S, Martens M, Reubsaet A, de Weerdt I, de Vries N, Jonkers R: Programmeringstudie overgewicht, ZonMW ed. 2008, Universiteit Maastricht, Rescon
12.
go back to reference Golley RK, Hendrie GA, Slater A, Corsini N: Interventions that involve parents to improve children's weight-related nutrition intake and activity patterns - what nutrition and activity targets and behaviour change techniques are associated with intervention effectiveness?. Obes Rev. 2011, 12: 114-130. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00745.x.CrossRefPubMed Golley RK, Hendrie GA, Slater A, Corsini N: Interventions that involve parents to improve children's weight-related nutrition intake and activity patterns - what nutrition and activity targets and behaviour change techniques are associated with intervention effectiveness?. Obes Rev. 2011, 12: 114-130. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00745.x.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Darling N, Steinberg L: Parenting style as context: an integrative model. Psychol Bull. 1993, 113: 487-496.CrossRef Darling N, Steinberg L: Parenting style as context: an integrative model. Psychol Bull. 1993, 113: 487-496.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Sleddens EF, Gerards SM, Thijs C, de Vries NK, Kremers SP: General parenting, childhood overweight and obesity-inducing behaviors: a review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011, 6: e12-e27. 10.3109/17477166.2011.566339.CrossRefPubMed Sleddens EF, Gerards SM, Thijs C, de Vries NK, Kremers SP: General parenting, childhood overweight and obesity-inducing behaviors: a review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011, 6: e12-e27. 10.3109/17477166.2011.566339.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Gerards SM, Sleddens EF, Dagnelie PC, de Vries NK, Kremers SP: Interventions addressing general parenting to prevent or treat childhood obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011, 6: e28-e45. 10.3109/17477166.2011.575147.CrossRefPubMed Gerards SM, Sleddens EF, Dagnelie PC, de Vries NK, Kremers SP: Interventions addressing general parenting to prevent or treat childhood obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011, 6: e28-e45. 10.3109/17477166.2011.575147.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Sandler IN, Schoenfelder EN, Wolchik SA, Mackinnon DP: Long-term impact of prevention programs to promote effective parenting: lasting effects but uncertain processes. Annu Rev Psychol. 2011, 62: 299-329. 10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131619.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sandler IN, Schoenfelder EN, Wolchik SA, Mackinnon DP: Long-term impact of prevention programs to promote effective parenting: lasting effects but uncertain processes. Annu Rev Psychol. 2011, 62: 299-329. 10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131619.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
go back to reference Sanders MR, Markie-Dadds C, Turner KMT: Theoretical, scientific and clinical foundations of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: a population approach to the promotion of parenting competence. Parent Res Pract Monogr. 2003, 1: 1-24. Sanders MR, Markie-Dadds C, Turner KMT: Theoretical, scientific and clinical foundations of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: a population approach to the promotion of parenting competence. Parent Res Pract Monogr. 2003, 1: 1-24.
18.
go back to reference Facilitator's Manual for Group Lifestyle Triple P. Edited by: West F, Sanders MR. 2012, Triple P International, Milton QLD Facilitator's Manual for Group Lifestyle Triple P. Edited by: West F, Sanders MR. 2012, Triple P International, Milton QLD
19.
go back to reference West F, Sanders MR, Cleghorn GJ, Davies PS: Randomised clinical trial of a family-based lifestyle intervention for childhood obesity involving parents as the exclusive agents of change. Behav Res Ther. 2010, 48: 1170-1179. 10.1016/j.brat.2010.08.008.CrossRefPubMed West F, Sanders MR, Cleghorn GJ, Davies PS: Randomised clinical trial of a family-based lifestyle intervention for childhood obesity involving parents as the exclusive agents of change. Behav Res Ther. 2010, 48: 1170-1179. 10.1016/j.brat.2010.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference West F: The Lifestyle Triple P Project. Exploring the link between parenting and childhood obesity. 2007, University of Queensland, School of Psychology. West F: The Lifestyle Triple P Project. Exploring the link between parenting and childhood obesity. 2007, University of Queensland, School of Psychology.
21.
go back to reference Lamberts PHG, Steenbakkers M, Thijssen NHB, Backus-Mujakovic S, De Vreede JJM, Hajema KJ, Poos MJJC: Een gezonde kijk op Zuid-Limburg. Regionale Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning. 2010, GGD Zuid Limburg, Geleen Lamberts PHG, Steenbakkers M, Thijssen NHB, Backus-Mujakovic S, De Vreede JJM, Hajema KJ, Poos MJJC: Een gezonde kijk op Zuid-Limburg. Regionale Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning. 2010, GGD Zuid Limburg, Geleen
22.
go back to reference Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH: Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000, 320: 1240-1243. 10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH: Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000, 320: 1240-1243. 10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
go back to reference Robinson TN: Reducing children's television viewing to prevent obesity. A randomized controlled trial. Am Med Assoc. 1999, 282: 1561-1567. 10.1001/jama.282.16.1561.CrossRef Robinson TN: Reducing children's television viewing to prevent obesity. A randomized controlled trial. Am Med Assoc. 1999, 282: 1561-1567. 10.1001/jama.282.16.1561.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Dusenbury L, Brannigan R, Falco M, Hansen WB: A review of research on fidelity of implementation: implications for drug abuse prevention in school settings. Health Educ Res. 2003, 18: 237-256. 10.1093/her/18.2.237.CrossRefPubMed Dusenbury L, Brannigan R, Falco M, Hansen WB: A review of research on fidelity of implementation: implications for drug abuse prevention in school settings. Health Educ Res. 2003, 18: 237-256. 10.1093/her/18.2.237.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Gubbels JS, Kremers SP, Stafleu A, de Vries SI, Goldbohm RA, Dagnelie PC, de Vries NK, van Buuren S, Thijs C: Association between parenting practices and children's dietary intake, activity behavior and development of body mass index: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011, 8: 18-10.1186/1479-5868-8-18.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gubbels JS, Kremers SP, Stafleu A, de Vries SI, Goldbohm RA, Dagnelie PC, de Vries NK, van Buuren S, Thijs C: Association between parenting practices and children's dietary intake, activity behavior and development of body mass index: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011, 8: 18-10.1186/1479-5868-8-18.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
go back to reference Birch LL, Fisher JO, Grimm Thomas K, Markey CN, Sawyer R, Johnson SL: Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness. Appetite. 2001, 36: 201-210. 10.1006/appe.2001.0398.CrossRefPubMed Birch LL, Fisher JO, Grimm Thomas K, Markey CN, Sawyer R, Johnson SL: Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness. Appetite. 2001, 36: 201-210. 10.1006/appe.2001.0398.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Wardle J, Guthrie CA, Sanderson S, Rapoport L: Development of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2001, 42: 963-970. 10.1111/1469-7610.00792.CrossRefPubMed Wardle J, Guthrie CA, Sanderson S, Rapoport L: Development of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2001, 42: 963-970. 10.1111/1469-7610.00792.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Dekovic M: Measuring dimensions and patterns of child rearing: Dutch version of the block child rearing practices report (CRPR). 1989, Internal Publication, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Dekovic M: Measuring dimensions and patterns of child rearing: Dutch version of the block child rearing practices report (CRPR). 1989, Internal Publication, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands
29.
go back to reference Barber BK: Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct. Child Dev. 1996, 67: 3296-3319. 10.2307/1131780.CrossRefPubMed Barber BK: Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct. Child Dev. 1996, 67: 3296-3319. 10.2307/1131780.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Arnold DS, O'Leary SG, Wolff LS, Acker MM: The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychol Assess. 1993, 5: 137-144.CrossRef Arnold DS, O'Leary SG, Wolff LS, Acker MM: The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychol Assess. 1993, 5: 137-144.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Rothbart MK, Ahadi SA, Hershey KL, Fisher P: Investigations of temperament at three to seven years: the Children's Behavior Questionnaire. Child Dev. 2001, 72: 1394-1408. 10.1111/1467-8624.00355.CrossRefPubMed Rothbart MK, Ahadi SA, Hershey KL, Fisher P: Investigations of temperament at three to seven years: the Children's Behavior Questionnaire. Child Dev. 2001, 72: 1394-1408. 10.1111/1467-8624.00355.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Oude Luttikhuis HG, Stolk RP, Sauer PJ: How do parents of 4- to 5-year-old children perceive the weight of their children?. Acta Paediatr. 2010, 99: 263-267.CrossRefPubMed Oude Luttikhuis HG, Stolk RP, Sauer PJ: How do parents of 4- to 5-year-old children perceive the weight of their children?. Acta Paediatr. 2010, 99: 263-267.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Jansen MW, De Vries NK, Kok G, Van Oers HA: Collaboration between practice, policy and research in local public health in the Netherlands. Health Policy. 2008, 86: 295-307. 10.1016/j.healthpol.2007.11.005.CrossRefPubMed Jansen MW, De Vries NK, Kok G, Van Oers HA: Collaboration between practice, policy and research in local public health in the Netherlands. Health Policy. 2008, 86: 295-307. 10.1016/j.healthpol.2007.11.005.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Kitzmann KM, Beech BM: Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity: methodological and conceptual challenges from family psychology. J Fam Psychol. 2006, 20: 175-189.CrossRefPubMed Kitzmann KM, Beech BM: Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity: methodological and conceptual challenges from family psychology. J Fam Psychol. 2006, 20: 175-189.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Lifestyle Triple P: a parenting intervention for childhood obesity
Authors
Sanne MPL Gerards
Pieter C Dagnelie
Maria WJ Jansen
Lidy OHM van der Goot
Nanne K de Vries
Matthew R Sanders
Stef PJ Kremers
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-267

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

BMC Public Health 1/2012 Go to the issue