Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2011

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Study protocol

Treatment of limited stage follicular lymphoma with Rituximab immunotherapy and involved field radiotherapy in a prospective multicenter Phase II trial-MIR trial

Authors: Mathias Witzens-Harig, Manfred Hensel, Michael Unterhalt, Klaus Herfarth

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The optimal treatment of early stage follicular Lymphoma is a matter of debate. Radiation therapy has frequently been applied with a curative approach beside watchful waiting. Involved field, extended field and total nodal radiation techniques are used in various protocols, but the optimal radiation field still has to be defined. Follicular lymphoma is characterized by stable expression of the CD20 antigen on the tumour cells surface. The anti CD20 antibody Rituximab (Mabthera®) has shown to be effective in systemic therapy of FL in primary treatment, relapse and maintenance therapy.

Methods/design

The MIR (Mabthera® and Involved field Radiation) study is a prospective multicenter trial combining systemic treatment with the anti CD20 antibody Rituximab (Mabthera®) in combination with involved field radiotherapy (30 - 40 Gy). This trial aims at testing the combination's efficacy and safety with an accrual of 85 patients.
Primary endpoint of the study is progression free survival. Secondary endpoints are response rate to Rituximab, complete remission rate at week 18, relapse rate, relapse pattern, relapse free survival, overall survival, toxicity and quality of life.

Discussion

The trial evaluates the efficacy of Rituximab to prevent out-filed recurrences in early stage nodal follicular lymphoma and the safety of the combination of Rituximab and involved field radiotherapy. It also might show additional risk factors for a later recurrence (e.g. remission state after Rituximab only).

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials (NCT): NCT00509184
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Armitage JO, Weisenburger DD: New approach to classifying non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: clinical features of the major histologic subtypes. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2780-2795.PubMed Armitage JO, Weisenburger DD: New approach to classifying non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: clinical features of the major histologic subtypes. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2780-2795.PubMed
2.
go back to reference Groves FD, Linet MS, Travis LB, Devesa SS: Cancer surveillance series: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence by histologic subtype in the United States from 1978 through 1995. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000, 92: 1240-1251. 10.1093/jnci/92.15.1240.CrossRefPubMed Groves FD, Linet MS, Travis LB, Devesa SS: Cancer surveillance series: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence by histologic subtype in the United States from 1978 through 1995. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000, 92: 1240-1251. 10.1093/jnci/92.15.1240.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Stuschke M, Hoederath A, Sack H, et al: Extended field and total central lymphatic radiotherapy in the treatment of early stage lymph node centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas: results of a prospective multicenter study. Study Group NHL- fruhe Stadien. Canc. 1997, 80: 2273-2284. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971215)80:12<2273::AID-CNCR9>3.0.CO;2-V.CrossRef Stuschke M, Hoederath A, Sack H, et al: Extended field and total central lymphatic radiotherapy in the treatment of early stage lymph node centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas: results of a prospective multicenter study. Study Group NHL- fruhe Stadien. Canc. 1997, 80: 2273-2284. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971215)80:12<2273::AID-CNCR9>3.0.CO;2-V.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Monfardini S, Banfi A, Bonadonna G, et al: Improved five year survival after combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy for stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1980, 6: 125-134. 10.1016/0360-3016(80)90027-9.CrossRefPubMed Monfardini S, Banfi A, Bonadonna G, et al: Improved five year survival after combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy for stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1980, 6: 125-134. 10.1016/0360-3016(80)90027-9.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Landberg TG, Hakansson LG, Moller TR, et al: CVP-remission-maintenance in stage I or II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: preliminary results of a randomized study. Canc. 1979, 44: 831-838. 10.1002/1097-0142(197909)44:3<831::AID-CNCR2820440307>3.0.CO;2-S.CrossRef Landberg TG, Hakansson LG, Moller TR, et al: CVP-remission-maintenance in stage I or II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: preliminary results of a randomized study. Canc. 1979, 44: 831-838. 10.1002/1097-0142(197909)44:3<831::AID-CNCR2820440307>3.0.CO;2-S.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Kelsey SM, Newland AC, Hudson GV, Jelliffe AM: A British National Lymphoma Investigation randomised trial of single agent chlorambucil plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in low grade, localised non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Med Oncol. 1994, 11: 19-25. 10.1007/BF02990087.CrossRefPubMed Kelsey SM, Newland AC, Hudson GV, Jelliffe AM: A British National Lymphoma Investigation randomised trial of single agent chlorambucil plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in low grade, localised non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Med Oncol. 1994, 11: 19-25. 10.1007/BF02990087.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Yahalom J, Varsos G, Fuks Z, et al: Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy after radiation therapy in stage I low-grade and intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Results of a prospective randomized study. Canc. 1993, 71: 2342-2350. 10.1002/1097-0142(19930401)71:7<2342::AID-CNCR2820710728>3.0.CO;2-I.CrossRef Yahalom J, Varsos G, Fuks Z, et al: Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy after radiation therapy in stage I low-grade and intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Results of a prospective randomized study. Canc. 1993, 71: 2342-2350. 10.1002/1097-0142(19930401)71:7<2342::AID-CNCR2820710728>3.0.CO;2-I.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference McLaughlin P, Fuller L, Redman J, et al: Stage I-II low-grade lymphomas: a prospective trial of combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Ann Oncol. 1991, 2 (Suppl 2): 137-140.CrossRefPubMed McLaughlin P, Fuller L, Redman J, et al: Stage I-II low-grade lymphomas: a prospective trial of combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Ann Oncol. 1991, 2 (Suppl 2): 137-140.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Seymour JF, Pro B, Fuller LM, et al: Long-term follow-up of a prospective study of combined modality therapy for stage I-II indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21: 2115-2122. 10.1200/JCO.2003.07.111.CrossRefPubMed Seymour JF, Pro B, Fuller LM, et al: Long-term follow-up of a prospective study of combined modality therapy for stage I-II indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21: 2115-2122. 10.1200/JCO.2003.07.111.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Maloney DG, Grillo LA, Bodkin DJ, et al: IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple-dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997, 15: 3266-3274.PubMed Maloney DG, Grillo LA, Bodkin DJ, et al: IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple-dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997, 15: 3266-3274.PubMed
11.
go back to reference McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al: Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2825-2833.PubMed McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al: Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2825-2833.PubMed
12.
go back to reference Feuring-Buske M, Kneba M, Unterhalt M, et al: IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 antibody treatment in relapsed advanced-stage follicular lymphomas: results of a phase-II study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Ann ematol. 2000, 79: 493-500. 10.1007/s002770000163.CrossRef Feuring-Buske M, Kneba M, Unterhalt M, et al: IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 antibody treatment in relapsed advanced-stage follicular lymphomas: results of a phase-II study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Ann ematol. 2000, 79: 493-500. 10.1007/s002770000163.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Colombat P, Salles G, Brousse N, et al: Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) as single first-line therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma with a low tumor burden: clinical and molecular evaluation. Blood. 2001, 97: 101-106. 10.1182/blood.V97.1.101.CrossRefPubMed Colombat P, Salles G, Brousse N, et al: Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) as single first-line therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma with a low tumor burden: clinical and molecular evaluation. Blood. 2001, 97: 101-106. 10.1182/blood.V97.1.101.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Czuczman MS, Weaver R, Alkuzweny B, Berlfein J, Grillo-Lopez AJ: Prolonged clinical and molecular remission in patients with low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with rituximab plus CHOP chemotherapy: 9-year follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2004, 22: 4711-4716. 10.1200/JCO.2004.04.020.CrossRefPubMed Czuczman MS, Weaver R, Alkuzweny B, Berlfein J, Grillo-Lopez AJ: Prolonged clinical and molecular remission in patients with low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with rituximab plus CHOP chemotherapy: 9-year follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2004, 22: 4711-4716. 10.1200/JCO.2004.04.020.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Herold M, Haas A, Srock S, et al: Rituximab Added to First-Line Mitoxantrone, Chlorambucil, and Prednisolone Chemotherapy Followed by Interferon Maintenance Prolongs Survival in Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma: An East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007, 25: 1986-1992. 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.4618.CrossRefPubMed Herold M, Haas A, Srock S, et al: Rituximab Added to First-Line Mitoxantrone, Chlorambucil, and Prednisolone Chemotherapy Followed by Interferon Maintenance Prolongs Survival in Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma: An East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007, 25: 1986-1992. 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.4618.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Salles G, Mounier N, de GS, et al: Rituximab combined with chemotherapy and interferon in follicular lymphoma patients: results of the GELA-GOELAMS FL2000 study. Blood. 2008, 112: 4824-4831. 10.1182/blood-2008-04-153189.CrossRefPubMed Salles G, Mounier N, de GS, et al: Rituximab combined with chemotherapy and interferon in follicular lymphoma patients: results of the GELA-GOELAMS FL2000 study. Blood. 2008, 112: 4824-4831. 10.1182/blood-2008-04-153189.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Hiddemann W, Kneba M, Dreyling M, et al: Front-line therapy with rituximab added to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) significantly improves the outcome of patients with advanced stage follicular lymphomas as compared to CHOP alone - results of a prospective randomized study of the german low grade lymphoma study group (GLSG). Blood. 2005 Hiddemann W, Kneba M, Dreyling M, et al: Front-line therapy with rituximab added to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) significantly improves the outcome of patients with advanced stage follicular lymphomas as compared to CHOP alone - results of a prospective randomized study of the german low grade lymphoma study group (GLSG). Blood. 2005
18.
go back to reference Marcus R, Imrie K, Solal-Celigny P, et al: Phase III study of R-CVP compared with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone alone in patients with previously untreated advanced follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008, 26: 4579-4586. 10.1200/JCO.2007.13.5376.CrossRefPubMed Marcus R, Imrie K, Solal-Celigny P, et al: Phase III study of R-CVP compared with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone alone in patients with previously untreated advanced follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008, 26: 4579-4586. 10.1200/JCO.2007.13.5376.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Forstpointner R, Dreyling M, Repp R, et al: The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 2004, 104: 3064-3071. 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1323.CrossRefPubMed Forstpointner R, Dreyling M, Repp R, et al: The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 2004, 104: 3064-3071. 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1323.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference van Oers MH, Klasa R, Marcus RE, et al: Rituximab maintenance improves clinical outcome of relapsed/resistant follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients both with and without rituximab during induction: results of a prospective randomized phase 3 intergroup trial. Blood. 2006, 108: 3295-3301. 10.1182/blood-2006-05-021113.CrossRefPubMed van Oers MH, Klasa R, Marcus RE, et al: Rituximab maintenance improves clinical outcome of relapsed/resistant follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients both with and without rituximab during induction: results of a prospective randomized phase 3 intergroup trial. Blood. 2006, 108: 3295-3301. 10.1182/blood-2006-05-021113.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Ghielmini M, Schmitz SF, Cogliatti SB, et al: Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma significantly increases event-free survival and response duration compared with the standard weekly × 4 schedule. Blood. 2004, 103: 4416-4423. 10.1182/blood-2003-10-3411.CrossRefPubMed Ghielmini M, Schmitz SF, Cogliatti SB, et al: Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma significantly increases event-free survival and response duration compared with the standard weekly × 4 schedule. Blood. 2004, 103: 4416-4423. 10.1182/blood-2003-10-3411.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Forstpointner R, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M, et al: Maintenance therapy with rituximab leads to a significant prolongation of response duration after salvage therapy with a combination of rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone (R-FCM) in patients with recurring and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: Results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Blood. 2006, 108: 4003-4008. 10.1182/blood-2006-04-016725.CrossRefPubMed Forstpointner R, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M, et al: Maintenance therapy with rituximab leads to a significant prolongation of response duration after salvage therapy with a combination of rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone (R-FCM) in patients with recurring and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: Results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Blood. 2006, 108: 4003-4008. 10.1182/blood-2006-04-016725.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Hochster H, Weller E, Gascoyne RD, et al: Maintenance rituximab after cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone prolongs progression-free survival in advanced indolent lymphoma: results of the randomized phase III ECOG1496 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2009, 27: 1607-1614. 10.1200/JCO.2008.17.1561.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hochster H, Weller E, Gascoyne RD, et al: Maintenance rituximab after cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone prolongs progression-free survival in advanced indolent lymphoma: results of the randomized phase III ECOG1496 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2009, 27: 1607-1614. 10.1200/JCO.2008.17.1561.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
go back to reference Salles GA, Seymour JF, Feugier P, et al: Rituximab maintenance for 2 years in patients with untreated high tumor burden follicular lymphoma after response to immunochemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2010, 28: 15s-(suppl; abstr 8004) Salles GA, Seymour JF, Feugier P, et al: Rituximab maintenance for 2 years in patients with untreated high tumor burden follicular lymphoma after response to immunochemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2010, 28: 15s-(suppl; abstr 8004)
25.
go back to reference Brugger W, Hirsch J, Grunebach F, et al: Rituximab consolidation after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in follicular and mantle cell lymphoma: a prospective, multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol. 2004, 15: 1691-1698. 10.1093/annonc/mdh425.CrossRefPubMed Brugger W, Hirsch J, Grunebach F, et al: Rituximab consolidation after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in follicular and mantle cell lymphoma: a prospective, multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol. 2004, 15: 1691-1698. 10.1093/annonc/mdh425.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Galimberti S, Guerrini F, Morabito F, et al: Quantitative molecular evaluation in autotransplant programs for follicular lymphoma: efficacy of in vivo purging by Rituximab. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003, 32: 57-63. 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704102.CrossRefPubMed Galimberti S, Guerrini F, Morabito F, et al: Quantitative molecular evaluation in autotransplant programs for follicular lymphoma: efficacy of in vivo purging by Rituximab. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003, 32: 57-63. 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704102.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Rambaldi A, Lazzari M, Manzoni C, et al: Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2002, 99: 856-862. 10.1182/blood.V99.3.856.CrossRefPubMed Rambaldi A, Lazzari M, Manzoni C, et al: Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2002, 99: 856-862. 10.1182/blood.V99.3.856.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Skvortsova I, Popper BA, Skvortsov S, et al: Pretreatment with rituximab enhances radiosensitivity of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2005, 46: 241-248. 10.1269/jrr.46.241.CrossRef Skvortsova I, Popper BA, Skvortsov S, et al: Pretreatment with rituximab enhances radiosensitivity of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2005, 46: 241-248. 10.1269/jrr.46.241.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Skvortsova I, Skvortsov S, Popper BA, et al: Rituximab enhances radiation-triggered apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells via caspase-dependent and - independent mechanisms. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2006, 47: 183-196. 10.1269/jrr.47.183.CrossRef Skvortsova I, Skvortsov S, Popper BA, et al: Rituximab enhances radiation-triggered apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells via caspase-dependent and - independent mechanisms. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2006, 47: 183-196. 10.1269/jrr.47.183.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Cheson BD, Horning SJ, Coiffier B, et al: Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. NCI Sponsored International Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999, 17: 1244-PubMed Cheson BD, Horning SJ, Coiffier B, et al: Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. NCI Sponsored International Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999, 17: 1244-PubMed
Metadata
Title
Treatment of limited stage follicular lymphoma with Rituximab immunotherapy and involved field radiotherapy in a prospective multicenter Phase II trial-MIR trial
Authors
Mathias Witzens-Harig
Manfred Hensel
Michael Unterhalt
Klaus Herfarth
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-11-87

Other articles of this Issue 1/2011

BMC Cancer 1/2011 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine