Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Cost-effectiveness of 2 + 1 dosing of 13-valent and 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Canada

Authors: Stephanie R Earnshaw, Cheryl L McDade, Giovanni Zanotti, Raymond A Farkouh, David Strutton

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) are two recently approved vaccines for the active immunization against Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease in infants and children. PCV13 offers broader protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae; however, PCV10 offers potential protection against non-typeable Haemophilus influenza (NTHi). We examined public health and economic impacts of a PCV10 and PCV13 pediatric national immunization programs (NIPs) in Canada.

Methods

A decision-analytic model was developed to examine the costs and outcomes associated with PCV10 and PCV13 pediatric NIPs. The model followed individuals over the remainder of their lifetime. Recent disease incidence, serotype coverage, population data, percent vaccinated, costs, and utilities were obtained from the published literature. Direct and indirect effects were derived from 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine. Additional direct effect of 4% was attributed to PCV10 for moderate to severe acute otitis media to account for potential NTHi benefit. Annual number of disease cases and costs (2010 Canadian dollars) were presented.

Results

In Canada, PCV13 was estimated to prevent more cases of disease (49,340 when considering both direct and indirect effects and 7,466 when considering direct effects only) than PCV10. This translated to population gains of 258 to 13,828 more quality-adjusted life-years when vaccinating with PCV13 versus PCV10. Annual direct medical costs (including the cost of vaccination) were estimated to be reduced by $5.7 million to $132.8 million when vaccinating with PCV13. Thus, PCV13 dominated PCV10, and sensitivity analyses showed PCV13 to always be dominant or cost-effective versus PCV10.

Conclusions

Considering the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in Canada, PCV13 is shown to be a cost-saving immunization program because it provides substantial public health and economic benefits relative to PCV10.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Kellner JD, Church DL, MacDonald J, Tyrrell GJ, Scheifele D: Progress in the prevention of pneumococcal infection. CMAJ. 2005, 173 (10): 1149-1151. 10.1503/cmaj.051150.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Kellner JD, Vanderkooi OG, MacDonald J, Church DL, Tyrrell GJ, Scheifele DW: Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in Canada, 1998–2007: update from the Calgary-area Streptococcus pneumoniae research (CASPER) study. Clin Infect Dis. 2009, 49 (2): 205-212. 10.1086/599827.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Kellner JD, Scheifele D, Vanderkooi OG, MacDonald J, Church DL, Tyrrell GJ: Effects of routine infant vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in children in Calgary, Canada. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008, 27 (6): 526-532. 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181658c5c.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Tyrrell GJ, Lovgren M, Chui N, Minion J, Garg S, Kellner JD, Marrie TJ: Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae pre- and post-seven valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in Alberta, Canada, 2000–2006. Vaccine. 2009, 27 (27): 3553-3560. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.063.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Bjornson G, Scheifele DW, Bettinger J, Patrick DM, Gustafson L, Daly P, Tyrrell GJ: Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Greater Vancouver, Canada: 2004–2005. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007, 26 (6): 540-542. 10.1097/INF.0b013e31803c56df.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Paulus S, David ST, Tang W, Winters M, Buxton J, Henry B, Patrick D: Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the Universal Infant Immunization Program, British Columbia (2002–2005). Can Commun Dis Rep. 2006, 32 (14): 157-161.
7.
Degani N, Navarro C, Deeks SL, Lovgren M: Invasive bacterial diseases in northern Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008, 14 (1): 34-40. 10.3201/eid1401.061522.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Langley JM, Kellner JD, Solomon N, Robinson JL, Le Saux N, McDonald J, Ulloa-Gutierrez R, Tan B, Allen U, Dobson S, Joudrey H: Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: a Pediatric Investigator’s Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study. BMC Infect Dis. 2008, 8: 129-10.1186/1471-2334-8-129.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Synflorix Product Monograph. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae [NTHi] protein D, diphtheria or tetanus toxoid conjugates) adsorbed. May 5, 2009
10.
Prymula R, Peeters P, Chrobok V, Kriz P, Novakova E, Kaliskova E, Kohl I, Lommel P, Poolman J, Prieels JP, Schuerman L: Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides conjugated to protein D for prevention of acute otitis media caused by both Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae: a randomised double-blind efficacy study. Lancet. 2006, 367 (9512): 740-748. 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68304-9.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Prevnar*13 Product Monograph. Pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine (diphtheria CRM197 protein). November 16, 2010, Pfizer Canada, Inc, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
12.
13.
Talbird SE, Taylor TN, Knoll S, Fostad CR, Marti SG: Outcomes and costs associated with PHiD-CV, a new protein D conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, in four countries. Vaccine. 2010, 28S: G23-G29.CrossRef
14.
Chuck AW, Jacobs P, Tyrrell G, Kellner JD: Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Vaccine. 2010, 28: 5485-5490. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.058.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Roussy JP, Kwan H, Earnshaw SR, Farkouh RA, Hwang S, Strutton D: Cost-effectiveness of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared with 10-valent vaccine in preventing pneumococcal infection in Quebec. Poster presented at the 51st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. September 12–15, 2010, Boston, MA
16.
Comite sur L’Immunisation du Quebec: Evaluation of two new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for pediatric immunization in Quebec. October 2010, Institute National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Quebec
17.
18.
Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec: Programme de surveillance due pneumocoque: rapport 2009. September 2010, Laboratoire de santé publique du Quebec, Quebec
19.
Morrow A, De Wals P, Petit G, Guay M, Erickson LJ: The burden of pneumococcal disease in Canadian population before routine use of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2007, 18 (2): 121-127.PubMedPubMedCentral
20.
Petit G, De Wals P, Law B, Tam T, Erickson LJ, Guay M, Framarin A: Epidemiological and economic burden of pneumococcal diseases in Canadian children. Can J Infect Dis. 2003, 14 (4): 215-220.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Nelson JC, Jackson M, Yu O, Whitney CG, Bounds L, Bittner R, Zavitkorsky A, Jackson LA: Impact of the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on rates of community acquired pneumonia in children and adults. Vaccine. 2008, 26: 4947-4954. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.016.CrossRefPubMed
22.
De Wals P, Carbon M, Sevin E, Deceuninck G, Ouakki M: Reduced physician claims of otitis media after implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine program in the province of Quebec, Canada. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009, 28 (9): e271-e274. 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181bad212.CrossRef
23.
Giltner CL, Lovgren M, McGeer A, Hoang L, Horsman GB, Van Caseele P, Tyrrell GJ: Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada from 1991 to 2009. Poster presented at 2011 PDF Research Day conference. May 11, 2011, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
24.
Bettinger JA, Scheifele DW, Kellner JD, Halperin SA, Vaudry W, Law B, Tyrrell G, for members of the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, Active (IMPACT): The effect of routine vaccination on invasive pneumococcal infection in Canadian children, immunization monitoring program, active 2000–2007. Vaccine. 2010, 28: 2130-2136. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.026.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Talbird SE, Ismaila AS, Taylor TN: A steady-state, population-based model to estimate the direct and indirect effects of pneumococcal vaccines. Vaccine. 2010, 28S: G3-G13.CrossRef
26.
27.
Scheifele D, Halperin S, Pelletier L, Talbot J, members of the Canadian Paediatric Society/Laboratory Centre for Disease Control Immunization Monitoring Program, Active (IMPCAT): Invasive pneumococcal infections in Canadian children, 1991–1998: implications for new vaccination strategies. Clin Infect Dis. 2000, 31: 58-64. 10.1086/313923.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Jette LP, Delage G, Ringuette L, Allard R, De Wals P, Lamothe F, Loo V, Pneumococcus Study Group: Surveillance of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in the province of Quebec, Canada, from 1996 to 1998: Serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, and clinical characteristics. J Clin Microbiol. 2001, 733: 737-
29.
Kaye PA, Andrews NJ, Slack MPE, George RC, Miller E: The impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in children in England and Wales four years after the introduction of PCV7. June 7–11, 2011, Den Haag, Netherlands, Abstract No. 713
30.
Tregnaghi MW, Sáez-Llorens X, López P, Abate H, Smith E, Pósleman A, Calvo A, Wong D, Cortes-Barbosa C, Ceballos A, Tregnaghi M, Sierra A, Márquez V, Rodriguez M, Troitiño M, Rüttimann R, Castrejón MM, Lepetic A, Lommel P, Hausdorff WP, Borys D, Ruiz Guiñazú J, Ortega-Barría E, Yarzábal JP, Schuerman L: Evaluating the efficacy of 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenza protein-D conjugate vaccine (PHid-CV) against community-acquired pneumonia in Latin America. June 7–11 2011, Den Haag, Netherlands, Abstract No. 412
31.
Talbird SE, Taylor TN, Caporale J, Ismaila AS, Gomez J: Residual economic burden of Streptococcus pneumonia- and nontypeable Haemophilus influenza-associated disease following vaccination with PCV-7: a multicountry analysis. Vaccine. 2010, 28S: G14-G22.CrossRef
32.
Rubin JL, McGarry LJ, Strutton DR, Klugman KP, Pelton SI, Gilmore KE, Weinstein MC: Public health and economic impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the United States. Vaccine. 2010, 28 (48): 7634-7643. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.049.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Black S, Shinefield H, Baxter R, Austrian R, Elvin L, Hansen J, Lewis E, Fireman B: Impact of the use of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on disease epidemiology in children and adults. Vaccine. 2006, 24 (suppl 2): S79-S80.CrossRef
34.
Deceuninck G, De Wals P, Boulianne N, De Serres G: Effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine using a 2 + 1 infant schedule in Quebec, Canada. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010, 29 (6): 546-549.PubMed
35.
Vesikari T, Wysocki J, Chevallier B, Karvonen A, Czajka H, Arsène JP, Lommel P, Dieussaert I, Schuerman L: Immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PhiD-CV) compared to the licensed 7vCRM vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009, 28: S66-S76. 10.1097/INF.0b013e318199f8ef.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Goldblatt D: Establishing the correlate for pneumonia. June 11, 2008, Reykjavik, Iceland
37.
Yeh SH, Gurtman A, Hurley DC, Block SL, Schwartz RH, Patterson S, Jansen KU, Love J, Gruber WC, Emini EA, Scott DA, 004 Study Group: Immunogenicity and safety of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants and toddlers. Pediatrics. 2010, 126 (3): e493-e505. 10.1542/peds.2009-3027. E-pub 2010 Aug 23CrossRefPubMed
38.
Esposito S, Tansey S, Thompson A, Razmpour A, Liang J, Jones TR, Ferrera G, Maida A, Bona G, Sabatini C, Pugni L, Emini EA, Gruber WC, Scott DA, Principi N: Safety and immunogenicity of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to those of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given as a three-dose series with routine vaccines in healthy infants and toddlers. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010, 17 (6): 1017-1026. 10.1128/CVI.00062-10. E-pub 2010 Apr 28CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Bryant KA, Block SL, Baker SA, Gruber WC, Scott DA, for the PCV13 Infant Study Group: Safety and immunogenicity of a 13-Valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatrics. 2010, 125: 866-10.1542/peds.2009-1405.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Ray GT, Whitney CG, Fireman BH, Ciuryla V, Black SB: Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: evidence from the first five years of use in the United States incorporating herd effects. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006, 25: 6-
41.
Black SB, Shinefield HR, Ling S, Hansen J, Fireman B, Spring D, Noyes J, Lewis E, Ray P, Lee J, Hackell J: Effectiveness of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children younger than five years of age for prevention of pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002, 21: 810-815. 10.1097/00006454-200209000-00005.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Fireman B, Black SB, Shinefield HR, Lee J, Lewis E, Ray P: Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003, 22: 10-16. 10.1097/00006454-200301000-00006.CrossRefPubMed
43.
van Gils EJ, Veenhoven RH, Hak E, Rodenburg GD, Bogaert D, Ijzerman EP, Bruin JP, van Alphen L, Sanders EA: Effect of reduced-dose schedules with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in children. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009, 302 (2): 159-167. 10.1001/jama.2009.975.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zhou F, Kyaw MH, Shefer A, Winston CA, Nuorti JP: Health care utilization for pneumonia in young children after routine pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007, 161: 1162-1168. 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1162.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Pilishvili T, Lexau C, Farley MM, Hadler J, Harrison LH, Bennett NM, Reingold A, Thomas A, Schaffner W, Craig AS, Smith PJ, Beall BW, Whitney CG, Moore MR: Active Bacterial Core Surveillance/Emerging Infections Program Network. Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2010, 201 (1): 32-41. 10.1086/648593.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Miller E, Andrews NJ, Waight PA, Slack MP, George RC: Herd immunity and serotype replacement 4 years after seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in England and Wales: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011, 11 (10): 760-768. 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70090-1. Epub 2011 May 27CrossRefPubMed
47.
Koshy E, Murray J, Bottle A, Sharland M, Saxena S: Impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV7) programme on childhood hospital admissions for bacterial pneumonia and empyema in England: national time-trends study, 1997–2008. Thorax. 2010, 65 (9): 770-774. 10.1136/thx.2010.137802.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Cohen R, Levy C, Bingen E, Bonnet E, Koskas M, Attal S, Nave I, Fritzell B, Varon E: Impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on nasopharyngeal (NP) flora in children with acute otitis media (AOM). September 17–20, 2011, Chicago, IL
49.
Moore M, Link-Gelles R, Farley M, Schaffner W, Thomas A, Reingold A, Harrison L, Lexau C, Zansky S, Petit S, Gershman K, Scherzinger K, Juni B, Beall B, Whitney C: Impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease, United States, 2010–11. March 13, 2012
50.
Prymula R, Kriz P, Kaliskova E, Pascal T, Poolman J, Schuerman L: Effect of vaccination with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides conjugated to Haemophilus influenzae-derived protein D on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and H. influenzae in children under 2 years of age. Vaccine. 2009, 28 (1): 71-78. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.113.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Prymula R, Hanovcova I, Splino M, Kriz P, Motlova J, Lebedova V, Lommel P, Kaliskova E, Pascal T, Borys D, Schuerman L: Impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) on bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage. Vaccine. 2011, 29 (10): 1959-1967. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.086.CrossRefPubMed
52.
53.
De Wals P, Petit G, Erickson LJ, Guay M, Tam T, Law B, Framarin A: Benefits and costs of immunization of children with pneumococcal vaccine in Canada. Vaccine. 2003, 21: 3757-3764. 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00361-X.CrossRefPubMed
54.
55.
Talbird S, Knerer G, Hausdorff W, Taylor T, Frostad CR: Reply to Strutton et al.: Response to “Outcomes and costs associated with PHiD-CV, a new protein D conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, in four countries. Vaccine. 2011, in press
56.
Dagan R, Givon-Lavi N, Zamir O, Fraser D: Effect of a nonvalent conjugate vaccine on carriage of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in day-care centers. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003, 22 (6): 532-540.PubMed
57.
Huang SS, Hinrichsen VL, Stevenson AE, Rifas-Shiman SL, Kleinmand K, Pelton SI, Lipstich M, Hanage WP, Lee GM, Finkelstein JA: Continued impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on carriage in young children. Pediatrics. 2009, 124 (1): e1-e11. 10.1542/peds.2008-3099.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Urueña A, Pippo T, Betelu MS, Virgilio F, Giglio N, Gentile A, Jimenez SG, Jáuregui B, Clark AD, Diosque M, Vizzotti C: Cost-effectiveness analysis of the 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Argentina. Vaccine. 2011, 29 (31): 4963-4972. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.111. E-pub 2011 May 27CrossRefPubMed
59.
Morano R, Pérez F, Brosa M, Escolano IP: Cost-effectiveness analysis of pneumococcal vaccination in Spain. Gac Sanit. 2011 Jun 1, in press
60.
Strutton D, Hwang S, Farkouh R, Roberts C: Response to “Outcomes and costs associated with PHiD-CV, a new protein D conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, in four countries. Vaccine. 2011, in press
61.
Grijalva CG, Nuorti JP, Arbogast PG, Martin SW, Edwards KM, Griffin MR: Decline in pneumonia admissions after routine childhood immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the USA: a time-series analysis. Lancet. 2007, 369: 1179-1186. 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60564-9.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Roche PW, Krause V, Cook H, Barralet J, Coleman D, Sweeny A, Fielding J, Giele C, Gilmour R, Holland R, Kampen R, Brown M, Gilbert L, Hogg G, Murphy D, Enhanced Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance Working Group Pneumococcal Working Party of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia: Invasive pneumococcal disease in Australia, 2006. Commun Dis Intell. 2008, 32 (1): 18-30.
63.
Lehmann D, Willis J, Moore HC, Giele C, Murphy D, Keil Ad, Harrison C, Bayley K, Watson M, Richmond P: The changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in aboriginal and non-aboriginal western Australians from 1997 through 2007 and emergence of nonvaccine serotypes. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Jun 1, 50 (11): 1477-1486. 10.1086/652440.CrossRefPubMed
64.
De Wals P, Carbon M, Fortin E, Pepin J, Douville-Fradet M: Vaccination of children with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine had no impact on hospital admissions for pneumonia in adults in Quebec. September 12–15, 2010, Boston, MA
65.
Hansen J, Black S, Shinefield H, Cherian T, Benson J, Fireman B, Lewis E, Ray P, Lee J: Effectiveness of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children younger than 5 years of age for prevention of pneumonia: updated analysis using World Health Organization standardized interpretation of chest radiographs. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006, 25: 779-781. 10.1097/01.inf.0000232706.35674.2f.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Cost-effectiveness of 2 + 1 dosing of 13-valent and 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Canada
Authors
Stephanie R Earnshaw
Cheryl L McDade
Giovanni Zanotti
Raymond A Farkouh
David Strutton
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-101

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2012 Go to the issue

Research article

Renal function in HIV-infected children and adolescents treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and protease inhibitors

Research article

Increasing prevalence of ESBL production among Irish clinical Enterobacteriaceae from 2004 to 2008: an observational study

Research article

Aspergillus-PCR in bronchoalveolar lavage for detection of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients

Research article

Genetic diversity and drug resistance among newly diagnosed and antiretroviral treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals in western Yunnan: a hot area of viral recombination in China

Research article

Late entry into HIV care: lessons from Brazil, 2003 to 2006

Research article

Diagnostic performance of line-immunoassay based algorithms for incident HIV-1 infection
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits